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A three-parameter logarithmic generalization of the Hilbert integral inequality
Get PDFIn this paper, we establish a new generalized form of the Hilbert integral inequality involving threeadjustable parameters and a logarithmic term. We prove that the resulting constant factor is sharp and best possible. Furthermore, we derive related forms of Hilbert-type integral inequalities, including those based on sharp lower bounds of the logarithmic function
Analysis of a Block Method Developed with Six Generalised Grid Points for Solving Fourth Order Initial Value Problems
Get PDFThis manuscript presents the development, analysis, and application of a novel six-step block method,derived using a linear block algorithm (LBA), for the approximate solution of fourth-order initial value problems (IVPs). The proposed method is designed to overcome the shortcomings associated with traditional reduction methods, which involve converting the fourth-order IVP into a system of first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Instead, the new method solves the problem directly, leveraging the advantages of hybrid block methods. A comprehensive theoretical analysis of the proposed method is provided, including proofs of its convergence and accuracy. The method’s performance is then compared to existing methods for solving fourth-order IVPs, using numerical examples and tables to illustrate the results. The comparative analysis demonstrates the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of the proposed method, highlighting its potential as a viable alternative for solving fourth-order IVPs
A Mathematical Models to Study the effects of Biocontrol on the Dynamics of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Disease
No full textTomato farmers are faced with many challenges such as the presence of Tomato bacterial wilt disease (TBWD) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (RS) bacterium. The congeneric strain of this bacterium called Ralstonia pickettii (RP) is harmless to tomatoes and is known to compete with RS for space and resources. We formulated models to investigate the conditions under which TBWD can be controlled by incorporating RS and the populations of RP as biocontrol using both ordinary and stochastic differential equations, assuming that the model parameters depend on climatic conditions. We investigated the basic properties of the model and the existence and stability of steady states. We find that biocontrol alone can only suppress TBWD but cannot eradicate it; RS and RP can coexist even when the reproduction number is less than unity, implying that the disease will persist. Sensitivity analysis conducted indicates that the rate at which RP consumes the resources of RS is the most sensitive parameter affecting the reproduction number. Increasing the value of this parameter will have more meaningful impacts in reducing the menace of TBWD. The numerical simula tions conducted indicate that the reproduction number alone cannot be used to establish the condition for eradication of the disease
Modeling Health Risks Associated with Second-hand Tobacco Smoke Exposure: NIL
No full textA non-smoker who is exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke is in danger of suffering from diseases such as coronary heart disease, asthma attacks, stroke and lung cancer. This exposure occurs in various set tings, including living with smokers at home, visiting bars and casinos, public places, and transport vehicles. Additionally, individuals exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke may experience severe health risks includ ing deaths. To gain insights about the dynamics of second-hand tobacco smoke exposure and its associated health risks to non-smokers, a deterministic mathematical model is developed and analysed. Such a model is developed by using non-linear first order ordinary differential equations and the analysis was carried out ana lytically and numerically. Numerical simulation results in this study confirm that, 90% increase in interaction between smokers and non-smokers can increase health risks to non-smokers by 7%. Additionally, the formu lated system exhibits backward bifurcation implying the possibility of having large outbreaks of health risks related to second-hand tobacco smoke even in communities with a relatively small number of smokers. The study underscores the importance of interventions to mitigate the health risks associated with second-hand tobacco smoke. Specifically, efforts should focus on reducing interactions between smokers and non-smokers during smoking or providing robust support mechanisms to help smokers quit
Acceptability and Nutritive Value of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) Juice Fortified with Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera), Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon Citratus) and Cassava (Manihot Esculenta) Based Sagip Nutri-Pack
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of turmeric juice fortified with malunggay, lemongrass, and cassava-based Sagip Nutri Pack as a potential functional beverage. Using an experimental design, five treatment variations were prepared and assessed by 100 randomly selected evaluators based on color, taste, aroma, texture, and overall acceptability. Data were gathered through sensory evaluation using a 9-point hedonic scale and analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA to determine differences among treatments and across age brackets. The findings revealed that Treatment 5- composed of 25% turmeric, 5g malunggay, 75% lemongrass, and 75% Sagip Nutri Pack—received the highest scores across all sensory attributes, with a general acceptability mean of 8.05. In contrast, Treatment 2 received the lowest scores, particularly in taste and aroma. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in evaluation scores across age groups. The results suggest that Treatment 5 is the most acceptable formulation, indicating its potential as a nutritious and marketable functional beverage. The study supports the utilization of local ingredients to enhance the nutritional profile and sensory quality of traditional beverages
A Bi-Model Machine Learning Driven Application for Diagnosing the Dominant Illness among Typical Nigerian University Students
Get PDFThe implementation and deployment of machine learning models for the diagnosis of dominant illnesses among students require significant investment in technology and infrastructure, which is among the barriers for healthcare organizations with limited resources. In order to increase its adoption, this research suggests the creation of a Bi-Model Machine Learning Driven Application that will enable university students to get diagnosed with common ailments. The plan is to apply a high-level model using a hybrid methodology that combines the development of Machine Learning Models with Agile Software Development. In order to do this specifically, Python was used to implement exploratory data analysis, classification, and regression models, as they have proven to be highly effective in both diagnosing the primary illness and predicting the length of hospital stay. The bi-model were built with four different algorithms each, so as to adopt the ones with best performance for the deployment. The model built with Gradient Boosting Classifier has 100% accuracy, 100% precision, 100% recall as compared to other three algorithms through three repeated training of the model. On the prediction of admission duration task, Gradient Boost Regression works best, and this is because it has the least Root Mean Square Error of 0.57 and Mean Absolute Error to be 0.423 among other compared three algorithms, as measured. This was achieved through the use of fresh localized dataset from the Federal University Lokoja Health Center, which was pre-processed, and stored in the file manager/internal storage for visualization and modelling. Furthermore, the completed models was deployed to a web application using flask and Mysql Lite Database. In the end, the application reduced human error in diagnosis and care management of the student population while they are pursuing their education by enabling evidence-based awareness, educated public health policy, and individualized treatment
Exploring Stance and Engagement Markers in the Discourse on Fuel Subsidy Removal in Nigeria in the Punch and Daily Trust Newspapers
Get PDFEliminating fuel subsidies in Nigeria in 2023 has precipitated a significant transformation with far-reaching economic, social, and environmental consequences. While existing research has attempted to explore the discourse on fuel subsidy elimination from a nonlinguistic viewpoint using various theoretical insights, this study takes a different approach by examining the discourse from a linguistic perspective. Employing Hyland's (2005) stance and engagement model, the study examines the stance and engagement markers used in the discourse on fuel subsidy to interact with readers, describe how the subject has been evaluated, and determine the points of convergence and divergence in stance and engagement markers. The study's data consists of excerpts from Punch and Daily Trust newspapers. Sixteen excerpts, eight from each newspaper, were purposively sampled and analysed using a rigorous combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings show that both corpora employ hedges, boosters, attitude markers, self-mention, reader pronouns, shared knowledge, directives, and questions to interact with readers. These stance and engagement markers serve as linguistic means through which the authors of both corpora decrease the force of their propositions, express confidence in their arguments, indicate their attitude towards the issue evaluated, project themselves, and invite readers into the discourse. The subject of fuel subsidy in both corpora is presented badly using evaluative indicators with negative connotations. While both corpora employ a host of stance and engagement markers in structuring the discourse on fuel subsidy removal, it is noteworthy to mention that variation in frequency and percentage distribution of these linguistic elements exists.
The impact of a rehabilitation program using exercise and physical therapy on the improvement of people with paraplegia of the face
Get PDFشلل الوجه عبارة عن شلل في أحد جانبي الوجه، ويحدث عادة بعد إصابة ميكروبية، أو فيروسية، أو التعرض للبرد لفترة طويلة، ولكن قد يحدث دون سبب ظاهر. إذ يهدف البحث إلى تصميـم برنامـج تأهيلي باستخدام التمرينات والعلاج الطبيعي في تحسن المصابين بالشلل النصفي للوجه من الدرجة الخامسة، ومعرفة تأثيره في المتغيرات المتأثرة بالإصابة، ومنها: تخفيف الألم وتهدئته، والتحسن في سرعة توصيل العصب السابع إلى عضلات الوجه، والتحسن في قوة الانقباض العضلي لعضلات الوجه، وسرعته.
استخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي، واختيرت العينة بالطريقة العمدية، وقوامها ثمانية مصابين، وُزِّعوا بطريقة عشوائية إلى مجموعتين: تجريبية وضابطة، كل مجموعة تحتوي على أربعة مصابين، وقد طُبِّق البرنامج على المجموعة التجريبية والضابطة، واستُخْدِمَ البرنامج العلاجي التقليدي المتبع في المستشفى. كانت أهم وسائل جمع البيانات هي: جهاز إليكترومايوقرافي، ومقياس تعبيرات الوجه الرقمي، والإبر الصينيَّة؛ لقياس سرعت استجابة العصب، وساعة توقيت. وقد تم جمع البيانات، ومعالجتها إحصائيًّا باستخدام البرنامج الإحصائي (SPSS).
وتوصّل البحث إلى نتائج عديدة، أهمها: إن استخدام البرنامج التأهيلي المقترح المحتوي على التمارين العلاجية المقننة والمتنوعة، وبعض وسائل العلاج الطبيعي مع الانتظام بالعلاج الدوائي له تأثير إيجابي أكثر فاعلية في علاج وتأهيل الإصابة بشلل أحد جانبي الوجه في متغيرات البحث.
أوصى الباحثان في نهاية البحث بتطبيق البرنامج التأهيلي المتنوع (تمارين، وبعض وسائل العلاج الطبيعي، والعلاج الدوائي)، ومحاولة تطبيقه في المراكز والمؤسسات العلاجية والتأهيلية، ومراكز العلاج الطبيعي في تأهيل المصابين بشلل أحد جانبي الوجه.Facial paralysis is paralysis of one side of the face, usually after a microbial or viral injury or prolonged cold exposure, but may occur without apparent cause. The research aims to design a rehabilitation program using exercise and physiotherapy in the improvement of people with paraplegia of the fifth degree, and know its impact on the variables affected by the injury, including: Pain relief and calming, improvement in the speed of delivery of the seventh nerve to the facial muscles, and improvement in the strength of muscle contraction of the facial muscles, and speed.
The researchers used the experimental method, and the sample was chosen in a deliberate way, and the number of eight infected, randomly distributed into two groups: Experimental and control, each group containing four infected, and the program was applied to the experimental and control group, and used the traditional treatment program followed in the hospital. The most important means of data collection were: An electromayograph, a digital facial expression scale, and Chinese needles; To measure the nerve response speed, a stopwatch. The data was collected and statistically processed using the Statistical Program (SPSS).
The research reached several results, the most important of which is: The use of the proposed rehabilitation program containing rationed and varied therapeutic exercises, and some methods of physical therapy with regular drug treatment has a more effective positive effect in the treatment and rehabilitation of paralysis of one side of the face in the research variables.
At the end of the research, the researchers recommended the application of a diverse rehabilitation program (exercises, some methods of physical therapy, and drug therapy), and try to apply it in treatment and rehabilitation centers and institutions, and physical therapy centers in the rehabilitation of people with paralysis of one side of the face
Imagery and Divine Discourse: A Critical Reading of Qur'anic Imagery through Bakhtin's Theories
Get PDFThis paper seeks to outline an interdisciplinary reading of imagery in Qur’an by applying Bakhtin’s theories of heteroglossia and dialogism. Utilizing the modalities of literary theory, religious studies and cultural critique, it reveals how the Qur’an’s polyphonic language calls the reader into an active debate with facts of divinity. It also reconsiders the religious narrative and universal themes of spirituality in seventh century Arabia. Using Bakhtinian theory to read the Holy Book, the research sheds light on the ways in which the Qur’an can be read simultaneously through time and space and proposes some new paths for interdisciplinary dialogue between the fields of literature, theology and cultural studies
Insight to Multi-derivative Hybrid Linear Multistep Formula for directly Solving Third-order Initial Value Problems of Ordinary Differential Equations
Get PDFThis article focuses on the multi-derivative hybrid linear multistep formula (MHLMF) for the numericalsolution of third-order ordinary differential equations. Power series was used as the basis function in thederivation of the formula. An approximate solution from the basis function was interpolated at some selected off-grid points. In contrast, the third derivative of the approximate solution was located at all points in the grid and outside the grid to generate a system of linear equations to determine the unknown parameters. The derived method was examined to be consistent, convergent, and zero stable. The method was implemented to solve third order ordinary differential equations, including the Genesio equation, demonstrating that the derived methods efficiently handle nonlinear problems. Absolute errors obtained in the numerical experiments established the good performance of the proposed method when compared with other cited methods in the literature