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2002 research outputs found
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Data Privacy And Elections In India: Microtargeting The Unseen Collective
No full textIn India, the usage of social media to reach hundreds of millions of active online users is common across political parties. With revelations regarding data mining being undertaken by political parties across the world, there is a need for robust data privacy not only to protect individuals, but also to ensure free and fair elections. In this context, the importance of the data collected lies in the inferences it allows a data fiduciary to draw about the person whose data is collected. Access to private details, through mining of online data from social networks and other sources, allows individuals to be aggregated into unseen collectives, purely on the basis of specific data points, and for them to be given targeted and even false messages. Most importantly, this is a problem on a societal scale, as micro targeting occurs across large groups of people and not merely at the individual level. Thus, the individual centric focus of data privacy law is insufficient when the target of manipulation is not one individual, but entire groups or collectives of people. This paper will highlight how both the Data Privacy Bills as introduced by the Indian Government in 2019 and 2022, fail to account for the collective privacy of citizens and how the rights provided do not address the problem of inferences. To that end, a move away from individual privacy and toward collective privacy will be proposed which can protect individuals who are assimilated unknowingly into collectives that are based on mined data
A Global South Perspective for Ethical Algorithms and the State
No full textThis article explores the intersection between algorithms and the State from the perspectives of legislative action, public perception and the use of AI in public administration. Taking India as a case study, the authors discuss the potential fallout from the absence of rigorous scholarship on such questions for countries in the Global South
Doing Urban History in the Global South
No full textExcerpt: Since a little over a decade now, the Global South has emerged as a subject of serious critical inquiry. To be sure, the terminology is neither unambiguous, nor is it without its own set of complications. Yet, over time, more and more scholars have embraced it as a way to distance themselves from the brazen underpinnings of Western civilizational and developmentalist metrics. The skeptic may attribute this to a mere shift in perspective—that instead of delineating the world into the Modern West and the Languishing East, the hyperdeveloped societies of EuroAmerica and the underdeveloped societies of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, we are, in effect, once again envisioning the world into two distinct realities, the North and the South. But as ongoing debates have routinely reminded us, the North–South delineation does not attend to geocartographical facts as much as it opens up new lines of inquiry into the possibility of theorybuilding beyond the hegemony of master narratives
Need for an ethical framework on usage of generative AI in the legal realm
No full textExcerpt: Generative AI chatbots, such as ChatGPT and Bing Chat, is one of the most remarkable advancements in the line of language processing applications. With an estimated user base of 100 million just two months after it was first launched, ChatGPT is also one of the most quickly adopted innovations in history. The alluring feature of generating detailed text outputs with nothing but a prompt or a gentle nudge in the form of a short text input has invited appreciation and provoked fear in equal measure
Samadharma: Periyar’s Idea for India
No full textThis essay explores Periyar\u27s idea of Samadharma, its relation to socialism and its commitment to equality and secularism. It also briefly discusses Section 295A and how it was used against Periyar
Dark Patterns in a bright world : An analysis of the Indian Consumer Legal Architecture
No full textDark patterns’ are consumer targeted marketing strategies that capitalize on cognitive biases of consumers’ propelling them to make decisions, contrary to their intended preferences. The term dark patterns coined by user designer Harry Bignull has gained traction recently, due to its correlation with psychological responses that are produced through nudges that are unaligned to the consumers’ original preference. The consumer responses elicited through the use of such dubious nudges have a direct correlation with the way human brain functions. These covert strategies employed by digital marketing platforms capitalize through behavioral science, aimed at their economic growth compromising the consumers’ free, fair and independent decision making capacity. The use of these algorithmic strategies to drive businesses have multiple legal tangents with a direct bearing on competition, contract, privacy and consumer law. The authors’ in the first section of the paper examine the various forms of dark patterns with the aid of graphical representations, that augment the argument of the authors’ that dark patterns are manipulative tools employed to economically disempower consumers’.. In the second section of the article, the authors’ highlight the erosion of decisional privacy of the consumers’, a phenomenon that overtly seems to be an exercise of free will but is a tacit capitalisation of cognitive biases of consumers spurring them to inadvertently take actions against their preferred interest. In the third section of the article, the authors’ analyze the existing Indian regulatory architecture and propose the relevant provisions that can be used to address these algorithmically induced marketing strategies. In the final section of the paper, the authors propose the changes that can be brought in the Indian regulatory architecture, specifically under the Consumer Protection Act 2019, to protect the consumers’ from the jeopardizing impact of dark patterns
The Roots of Blood
No full textWith innocent lives being lost in Israel and Palestine, we must not forget where it all began and remain vigilant of the imperial white-washing of history