Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental
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    Developing nutrient criteria for the Grijalva basin, Mexico

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    Excess nutrient inputs are a major cause of aquatic ecosystem impairment worldwide. Increased total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations can lead to eutrophication affecting ecosystem functioning and environmental services provided by streams and rivers. Establishing numeric nutrient criteria is a strategy to reduce nutrient inputs into freshwater ecosystems. Our objective was to estimate nutrient concentrations that could be used as guides to establish nutrient criteria for TP and TN in the Grijalva basin, Mexico. We applied the frequency distribution method to water quality monitoring data for subregions (upper, middle, and lower Grijalva) and for the whole basin, considering two stream size categories. Nutrients were also compared among subregions, land uses, and stream sizes. Agriculture and urban areas showed higher nutrient concentrations than other land uses, probably due to the use of fertilizers and inputs of domestic and industrial wastewater. Higher nutrient concentrations were found in the middle Grijalva and in low-order streams. Nutrient concentrations at the 75th percentile for the reference sites were higher than those obtained at the 5th, 16.7th, and 25th percentiles for the general nutrient data, probably due to the high level of human disturbance in the Grijalva basin. Nutrient concentrations at the 25th percentile are probably too high to protect the aquatic ecosystems in the basin, while concentrations at the 5th percentile can be too restrictive for the basin. Based on our results, nutrient concentrations at the 16.7th percentile are proposed as a first approximation for nutrient criteria to protect river systems in the Grijalva basin.Excess nutrient inputs are a major cause of aquatic ecosystem impairment worldwide. Increased total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations can lead to eutrophication affecting ecosystem functioning and environmental services provided by streams and rivers. Establishing numeric nutrient criteria is a strategy to reduce nutrient inputs into freshwater ecosystems. Our objective was to estimate nutrient concentrations that could be used as guides to establish nutrient criteria for TP and TN in the Grijalva basin, Mexico. We applied the frequency distribution method to water quality monitoring data for subregions (upper, middle, and lower Grijalva) and for the whole basin, considering two stream size categories. Nutrients were also compared among subregions, land uses, and stream sizes. Agriculture and urban areas showed higher nutrient concentrations than other land uses, probably due to the use of fertilizers and inputs of domestic and industrial wastewater. Higher nutrient concentrations were found in the middle Grijalva and in low-order streams. Nutrient concentrations at the 75th percentile for the reference sites were higher than those obtained at the 5th, 16.7th, and 25th percentiles for the general nutrient data, probably due to the high level of human disturbance in the Grijalva basin. Nutrient concentrations at the 25th percentile are probably too high to protect the aquatic ecosystems in the basin, while concentrations at the 5th percentile can be too restrictive for the basin. Based on our results, nutrient concentrations at the 16.7th percentile are proposed as a first approximation for nutrient criteria to protect river systems in the Grijalva basin

    Número especial “Ambiente y Bioenergía” Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental

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    El número especial “Ambiente y Bioenergía” es una compilación de 15 artículos de investigación seleccionados con estricto rigor científico a partir de más de 100 trabajos de investigación presentados durante el Simposio Ambiente y Bioenergía (SAB2020), llevado a cabo el 17 y 18 de septiembre del año 2020. Este simposio se realizó de manera virtual como consecuencia de la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) y fue transmitido vía Zoom, Youtube y Facebook. El simposio estuvo organizado por la Asociación de Biotecnología, Ingeniería Ambiental y Energías Renovables, Asociación Civil (ABIAER AC), una asociación sin fines de lucro y de carácter internacional con sede en México. El SAB2020 fue organizado por investigadores adscritos a diferentes universidades del país como la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero (UAGro), el Instituto de Biotecnología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (IBT-UNAM) y el Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN); además, se contó con la financiación del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) a través del proyecto 312442 “Apoyo económico para la realización del Simposio Ambiente y Bioenergía 2020”. La ABIAER AC está conformada por investigadoras e investigadores nacionales e internacionales dedicados a evaluar y proponer soluciones a los problemas ambientales ocasionados por nuestras sociedades, como los de la generación de residuos y su inadecuada gestión que contaminan y degradan los ecosistemas, además de la falta de conciencia y el equivocado modelo tradicional de economía lineal que favorece el deterioro y agotamiento de los recursos naturales. Todo esto pone en riesgo la continuidad de la existencia de la humanidad. La ABIAER AC pretende contribuir a la sociedad promoviendo la aplicación de lo mejor de la biotecnología ambiental y de la ingeniería ambiental para restaurar sitios contaminados y la recuperación de agua a partir de aguas residuales. Además, busca fomentar el aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos orgánicos con el fin de insertarlos dentro del sector productivo y bajo modelos de economía circular. Tomando como referencia la misión y visión de la ABIAER AC, el objetivo del simposio fue propiciar la divulgación de avances científicos y tecnológicos sobresalientes enfocados al diagnóstico, protección y recuperación de la calidad de los recursos agua, suelo, aire y sus diferentes ecosistemas, así como al desarrollo de energías alternativas sostenibles para garantizar un mejor futuro para la sociedad. En este número especial, los artículos publicados cubren temas de interés para la ABIAER AC y la sociedad. Entre estos encontramos la aplicación de bioeconomía circular para el aprovechamiento de los residuos orgánicos, la producción de biohidrógeno a partir de mezclas de ácidos orgánicos, la degradación de contaminantes emergentes de origen farmacéutico, la obtención de materiales carbonosos electroconductivos de la cáscara de naranja, el análisis de la huella ambiental del biodiésel de Jatropha curcas, el valioso y necesario análisis de la legislación sobre biorrefinerías en México y su comparación con la Unión Europea y los Estados Unidos de América, así como los análisis de ecología microbiana presente en minas y de consorcios para la degradación de hidrocarburos. Confiamos que el grupo selecto de artículos de investigación de este número especial serán de interés para los lectores.  Por otro lado, queremos manifestar nuestro agradecimiento a los autores por cada una de sus contribuciones para que este número especial fuera posible. También queremos expresar nuestro reconocimiento especial a los Revisores anónimos que con sus comentarios y sugerencias hicieron una selección de artículos y una mejora significativa en aquellos que fueron aceptados. Finalmente, queremos agradecer al equipo editorial de la Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental (RICA), en primer lugar, a la Dra. Sandra Gómez Arroyo, Editora en Jefe, por la oportunidad para la publicación de este número especial. En segundo lugar, y no por eso menos importante, queremos agradecer al M. en C. Claudio Amescua García, Editor Ejecutivo y a la M. en C. Irene Romero Nájera, Editora Asistente de la revista RICA, quienes dedicaron generosamente su tiempo y esfuerzo para que cada uno de los artículos aceptados tuvieran la calidad de edición y publicación con la que aparecen, así como a los maquetadores, la Lic. en diseño gráfico (LDG) Daniela Grimaldi Lara y el LDG Pietro Villalobos Peñalosa. Por último, invitamos a los lectores de este número especial a conocer el trabajo de la ABIAER AC y a unir esfuerzos para contribuir al cuidado de nuestro ambiente (https://abiaer.com/).   Ars longa, vita brevis; la ciencia (o el arte) es duradero, pero la vida es breve. La investigación de los autores de cada artículo de este número especial queda registrada para la posteridad. Todas estas investigaciones, en su conjunto, guardan una estrecha filosofía con la ABIAER AC y buscan propiciar una mayor calidad de vida para los seres humanos y una relación armoniosa y cuidadosa con la Naturaleza. Hagamos que la ciencia se convierta en nuestro aliado principal para prevenir catástrofes ambientales que pongan en riesgo a la Humanidad

    Fine particles emission source profiles for a semi-arid urban center: Key markers and similarity tests

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    Source apportionment studies rely on source emission profiles, which in some instances are locally scarce or non-existent. Thus, estimations are done using profiles obtained from other geographical sites, which brings a certain degree of uncertainty in the outcomes of such studies. This work presents the results of near-field measurement of 12 types of fine particle emission sources to develop local-region source profiles in the Monterrey Metropolitan Area. The source profiles include a chemical characterization of trace elements and carbonaceous fraction. A statistical analysis based on the Pearson distance and similarity identity distance was conducted to ensure the uniqueness of each source profile. Overall, the most dominant species in the profiles were organic and elemental carbon, and elemental sulfur, whereas the least abundant were transition metals. The meat-cooking operations profiles exhibited the highest organic carbon to elemental carbon ratios, which were 7-40 times higher than those for biomass burning and vehicle exhausts profiles. The urban construction profile was dominated by crustal elements, while the suburban area profile exhibited an internal mixing with anthropogenic compounds. The source profiles in this study were distinguishable, as determined by preliminary tests for each pair of chemical source profiles. These profiles could be used to implement receptor models in urban sites with similar characteristics.Source apportionment studies rely on source emission profiles, which in some instances are locally scarce or non-existent. Thus, estimations are done using profiles obtained from other geographical sites, which brings a certain degree of uncertainty in the outcomes of such studies. This work presents the results of near-field measurement of 12 types of fine particle emission sources to develop local-region source profiles in the Monterrey Metropolitan Area. The source profiles include a chemical characterization of trace elements and carbonaceous fraction. A statistical analysis based on the Pearson distance and similarity identity distance was conducted to ensure the uniqueness of each source profile. Overall, the most dominant species in the profiles were organic and elemental carbon, and elemental sulfur, whereas the least abundant were transition metals. The meat-cooking operations profiles exhibited the highest organic carbon to elemental carbon ratios, which were 7-40 times higher than those for biomass burning and vehicle exhausts profiles. The urban construction profile was dominated by crustal elements, while the suburban area profile exhibited an internal mixing with anthropogenic compounds. The source profiles in this study were distinguishable, as determined by preliminary tests for each pair of chemical source profiles. These profiles could be used to implement receptor models in urban sites with similar characteristics

    Fluoruro en aguas subterráneas de la región centro-norte de México y su posible origen

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    The highest concentrations of fluoride (F–) in groundwater in Mexico occurs in mainly two areas: arid zones in the north-central part of the country and in regions containing hot springs. The former is the drinking water source for a large number of people, and it is the focus of this study. A database containing 1117 data (2017-2019) was used to investigate the origin of this contaminant and its association to arsenic (As) content as well as several physical and chemical parameters reported as potential enrichment factors. The higher abundance of felsic volcanic rocks in the alluvial fill, their distribution and high F content, point to these rocks as the main source of this contaminant. The concentration of F– varied between 0.03 and 27.9 mg/L, with 52, 45 and 36 % of samples above the 1.5 mg/L guideline established by the NOM-127, for the states of Zacatecas, Chihuahua and Durango, respectively. Significant correlation was found between F– and As in all three states; the highest correlation was obtained in Zacatecas (r = 0.801, p < 0.01). No correlation was found between F– and temperature, F– and total dissolved solids, and F– and Ca/Na. The high content of F– and its co-occurrence with As makes imperative the application of a strategic plan to protect public health in this region through the implementation of water treatment on wells with high content of this element.Las concentraciones más altas de fluoruro (F–) en México se encuentran principalmente en el agua subterránea de dos áreas: las zonas áridas de la zona centro-norte del país y las áreas geotermales. La primera se utiliza como suministro de agua potable para un gran número de personas, y es el objeto de este estudio. Se utilizó una base de datos con 1117 registros (2017-2019) para profundizar en el origen de este contaminante y su asociación con el contenido de arsénico (As) y con parámetros físicos y químicos reportados como posibles factores de enriquecimiento. La abundancia de rocas volcánicas félsicas en el material de aluvión, su distribución y su elevado contenido de F, las señalan como uno de los principales materiales generadores de este contaminante. En la región analizada, la concentración de F– varió en un rango de 0.03 a 27.9 mg/L, con 52, 45 y 36 % de muestras por encima del límite de 1.5 mg/L establecido por la NOM-127-SSA1-1994 para los estados de Zacatecas, Chihuahua y Durango, respectivamente. Se encontró correlación entre F– y As en los tres estados, siendo la más alta la de Zacatecas (r = 0.801, p < 0.01). No se encontró asociación entre F– y la temperatura, F– y sólidos disueltos totales ni F– y Ca/Na. La elevada concentración de F– y su relación con As en agua de pozo hace imperativa la aplicación de un plan estratégico para salvaguardar la salud humana mediante la implementación de sistemas de potabilización para pozos con alto contenido de este elemento

    Análisis de legislación sobre biorrefinerías en México

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    The biorefinery (BRF) of organic solid wastes (RSO) proposes the use and transformation of the organic fraction of urban solid waste to obtain bioenergy and value-added products. RSO’s BRF research and development in the international framework have proven potential and factual benefits in the framework of sustainable development. In addition, there is international evidence on the possible benefits of legislation related to BRFs. Consequently, by transitive ownership, BRF legislation will surely have a great contribution to sustainable development in Mexico. This work seeks to determine the status of biorefinery legislation in México, through a comparative analysis of laws in the European Union (EU) and the United States of America (USA). The results show that there is no legislation or policy that regulates BRF technology in Mexico and compared to the laws of the USA and the EU, Mexico shows a lag. However, in the field of bioenergy, the current legislation presents an encouraging advance, which can be used as a basis for developing legislation on BRF. In order to achieve energy independence in Mexico and reduce greenhouse gases, it is necessary to advance in the generation of energy and sustainable development policies that support the design and operation of BRF that take advantage of RSO and are capable of producing biofuels, bioenergy and value-added bioproducts. Otherwise, legal uncertainty would delay the development of this technology.La biorrefinería (BRF) de residuos sólidos orgánicos (RSO) propone el aprovechamiento y transformación de la fracción orgánica de los residuos sólidos urbanos para la obtención de bioenergías y productos de valor agregado. La investigación y desarrollo de BRF de RSO en el marco internacional ha demostrado tener ventajas potenciales y factuales en el marco del desarrollo sostenible. Además, existe evidencia internacional sobre los posibles beneficios de la legislación relacionada con BRF. En consecuencia, por propiedad transitiva, una legislación sobre BRF seguramente será una gran contribución al desarrollo sostenible en México. Este trabajo busca determinar el estado de la legislación sobre BRF en México mediante un análisis comparativo de las legislaciones de la Unión Europea (UE) y los Estados Unidos de América (EUA). Los resultados muestran que no hay legislación ni política que regule la tecnología de BRF en México y, en comparación con las legislaciones de EUA y la UE, México muestra un rezago. Sin embargo, en materia de bioenergías la legislación actual presenta un avance alentador, que puede servir de base para la generación de una legislación sobre BRF. Con la finalidad de alcanzar la independencia energética en México y reducir los gases de efecto invernadero, es necesario avanzar en la generación de políticas energéticas y de desarrollo sostenible que amparen el diseño y operación de BRF que aprovechen los RSO y tengan la capacidad de producir biocombustibles, bioenergías y bioproductos de valor agregado. De lo contrario, la incertidumbre legal retrasará el desarrollo de esta tecnología

    Research on the impact of environmental information disclosure on foreign direct investment based on the “new normal” in China

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    In May 2014, China mentioned the concept of the “new normal” for the first time. The “new normal” economy promotes growth through development, replacing GDP growth with the all-round development of society and attaching greater importance to the sustainable development of society. China is a large recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI). Under the background of the “new normal”, it is worth exploring the impact of increased environmental supervision in China on FDI. This paper introduces the Pollution Information Transparency Index, which has been published in China since 2008, to quantify environmental information disclosure. The study also collects data about the Pollution Information Transparency Index and the FDI of all provinces and cities in China from 2014 to 2018. Finally, a regression analysis and a difference-in-difference model are constructed to analyze the impact of environmental information disclosure on FDI. The results show that, under the “new normal” economy, highly-disclosed environmental information has a significant impact on FDI inflow in China. The impact is different in terms of population density, investment in pollution control, and GDP in different regions. This paper ovides new ideas for environmental governance and the further utilization of foreign investment under the “new normal”.In May 2014, China mentioned the concept of the “new normal” for the first time. The “new normal” economy promotes growth through development, replacing GDP growth with the all-round development of society and attaching greater importance to the sustainable development of society. China is a large recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI). Under the background of the “new normal”, it is worth exploring the impact of increased environmental supervision in China on FDI. This paper introduces the Pollution Information Transparency Index, which has been published in China since 2008, to quantify environmental information disclosure. The study also collects data about the Pollution Information Transparency Index and the FDI of all provinces and cities in China from 2014 to 2018. Finally, a regression analysis and a difference-in-difference model are constructed to analyze the impact of environmental information disclosure on FDI. The results show that, under the “new normal” economy, highly-disclosed environmental information has a significant impact on FDI inflow in China. The impact is different in terms of population density, investment in pollution control, and GDP in different regions. This paper ovides new ideas for environmental governance and the further utilization of foreign investment under the “new normal”

    Incorporación del análisis espacial para la caracterización de residuos y su impacto en el sistema de lagunas interdunarias de la ciudad de Veracruz, México

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    The Interdunary Lagoons System of the city of Veracruz (SLICV) is part of the natural ecosystems known as Ramsar sites, whose objective is focused on the conservation of ecological functions. This system comprises 18 lagoons in the Veracruz-Boca del Río metropolitan area, which are considered “infrequent” since they are fresh and shallow water bodies that provide different ecosystem services to the inhabitants of the area. The progressive loss of this services is due to various sources of anthropogenic pressure (for example, land-use change, lack of sanitation infrastructure, and increase of pollutants and dumped waste). The objective of this research was to characterize the waste dumping into the SLICV and its impact on the different ecosystem services of each lagoon. The 18 sampling sites were geographically delimited with a spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Four types of waste were identified, being the urban solid the most predominant type. The regulation ecosystem service was the most impacted in almost every lagoon.El Sistema de Lagunas Interdunarias de la Ciudad de Veracruz (SLICV) forma parte de los ecosistemas naturales conocidos como sitios Ramsar, cuyo objetivo se centra en la conservación de funciones ecológicas. Este sistema, ubicado en la zona conurbada Veracruz-Boca del Río, está constituido por 18 lagunas consideradas “poco frecuentes”, ya que son cuerpos de agua dulce, someros y proveen diferentes servicios ecosistémicos a los habitantes de la zona. La pérdida gradual de dichos servicios ecosistémicos se debe a diversas fuentes de presión antrópica (por ejemplo, el cambio en el uso del suelo, falta de infraestructura de saneamiento, incremento de contaminantes y residuos). La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo la caracterización de los residuos que se vierten en el SLICV y su impacto sobre los diferentes servicios ecosistémicos de cada laguna. Los 18 sitios de muestreo se delimitaron geográficamente con un análisis espacial mediante sistemas de información geográfica (SIG). Se identificaron cuatro tipos de residuos, de los cuales el sólido urbano fue el más predominante. El servicio ecosistémico de regulación fue el más impactado en casi todas las lagunas

    Evaluation on the coupling coordination of economic development and ecological environment carrying capacity: Case study in Jiangxi Province, China

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    Exploring the relationship between economic development and ecological environment is the inevitable requirement of regional sustainable development. We used an improved entropy method and a coupling coordinated model to assess the comprehensive evaluation index and the coupling coordination degree of economic development and ecological environmental carrying capacity of Jiangxi Province, from 2011 to 2019. Taking 2011 and 2019 as time nodes, this paper analyzed the spatial pattern evolution characteristics of 11 cities in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that: 1) Coordinated development degree presents a growth trend from 2011 to 2019, while the type of coordinated development is constantly shifting to a higher level; 2) the status of coordinated development in 11 prefecture-level cities has generally changed from low and primary to middle and high-level coordination; and 3) the spatial distribution characteristics showed that the coordinated development level in the northern and southern region were higher than the central region, and inter-regional differences gradually narrowed.Exploring the relationship between economic development and ecological environment is the inevitable requirement of regional sustainable development. We used an improved entropy method and a coupling coordinated model to assess the comprehensive evaluation index and the coupling coordination degree of economic development and ecological environmental carrying capacity of Jiangxi Province, from 2011 to 2019. Taking 2011 and 2019 as time nodes, this paper analyzed the spatial pattern evolution characteristics of 11 cities in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that: 1) Coordinated development degree presents a growth trend from 2011 to 2019, while the type of coordinated development is constantly shifting to a higher level; 2) the status of coordinated development in 11 prefecture-level cities has generally changed from low and primary to middle and high-level coordination; and 3) the spatial distribution characteristics showed that the coordinated development level in the northern and southern region were higher than the central region, and inter-regional differences gradually narrowed

    Efecto del 17α-etinilestradiol (EE2) como perturbador endócrino reproductivo en el pez Aequidens metae

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    The 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) is a synthetic steroid that interferes with the reproductive endocrine system of fish. This study evaluated the effect of EE2 as a possible endocrine disruptor in adult Aequidens metae females and males exposed to 0.5, 5, 50, and 250 ng/L for 21 days. Negative control and solvent control (ethanol) were included. After exposure, blood was collected to determine plasma calcium and phosphorus, and somatic indices and histology changes were evaluated in the gonads and liver. The gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices did not present significant differences. At histological level, congestion, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis, atresia, and vitellogenic material were found in the ovary. At the testicular level, accumulation of melanomacrophage material, testicular degeneration, interstitial fibrosis, atrophy and thickening of the interstitial wall were observed. In the liver, in both sexes, was observed greater degenerative pyknosis, activation of macrophages, apoptosis, infiltrations, dilatation and congestion compared with the control groups. Females did not show significant differences in plasma calcium and phosphorus between treatments. The males exposed to the three highest EE2 concentrations had significantly higher values in plasma calcium compared to control group. Regarding plasma phosphorus, in males exposed to 250 ng/L there were differences compared to control groups. The results allow inferring that this species is sensitive to endocrine disruption effects generated by EE2 and that the determination of biochemical parameters such as plasma calcium and phosphorus ions can be used as additional biomarkers of the health status of fish exposed to xenobiotics. El 17α-etinilestradiol (EE2) es un esteroide sintético que interfiere en el sistema endócrino reproductivo de los peces. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto del EE2 como posible perturbador endócrino en hembras y en machos adultos de Aequidens metae expuestos a 0.5, 5, 50 y 250 ng/L por 21 días. Se incluyó un testigo negativo (C) y un testigo con solvente (etanol) (CE). Finalizada la exposición al EE2, la sangre fue colectada para determinar calcio y fósforo plasmático y en las gónadas e hígado se evaluaron los índices somáticos y las alteraciones histológicas. Los índices gonadosomático y hepatosomático no presentaron diferencias significativas. A nivel histológico, en los ovarios se encontró congestión, fibrosis intersticial, apoptosis, atresia y material vitelogénico. A nivel testicular, se observó acumulación de material de melanomacrófagos, degeneración testicular, fibrosis intersticial, atrofia y engrosamiento de la pared intersticial. Y en hígado, en ambos sexos, se observó mayor picnosis degenerativa, activación de macrófagos, apoptosis, infiltraciones, dilatación y congestión, en comparación con los grupos testigo. Las hembras no presentaron diferencias significativas en calcio y fósforo plasmático. Los machos expuestos a las tres concentraciones más altas tuvieron valores significativamente mayores en el calcio plasmático en comparación con el grupo testigo. Con respecto al fósforo plasmático, en los machos expuestos a 250 ng/L se presentaron diferencias en comparación con el grupo testigo. Estos resultados permiten inferir que esta especie es sensible a los efectos de la perturbación endocrina generados por el EE2, y que la determinación de parámetros bioquímicos como los iones de calcio y fósforo pueden ser usados como biomarcadores adicionales del estado de salud de los peces expuestos a xenobióticos.

    Uncertainty of the life cycle assessment of biogas power

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    The main goal of this study was to compare energy consumption scenarios at a small-scale barn with an in situ biogas plant. Five life cycle assessment scenarios of dairy manure management were assessed. A real small-scale manure biogas power plant in Mexico (S-BPP) was used as case study. Five scenarios were modeled: (1.1) electricity consumption from the national grid; (1.2) electricity consumption considering a natural gas combined cycle power plant (CCPP); (2.1) partial use of electricity from the national grid and the electricity produced by the S-BPP; (2.2) partial use of electricity from the CCPP and the S-BPP, and (3) a dry anaerobic digestion S-BPP. A Monte Carlo simulation was carried out to manage the uncertainty with 95 % of confidence. A reduction of emissions in the combined cycle power grid by exploiting the manure to produce biogas, was established. Specifically, in the climate change category, there is an impact reduction by up to 70 %, which corroborates that the choice of small-scale biogas in agriculture systems is environmentally feasible. It is confirmed that using S-BPP produces a significant decrease of impacts when compared to CCPP. The results of the modeling scenarios, such as dry anaerobic digestion and/or combined cycle power plants, show a significant reduction in the emissions of the selected impact categories. This study confirms the need to develop more accurate databases of life cycle inventories regarding the Mexican electricity grid, in order to perform more reliable studies.The main goal of this study was to compare energy consumption scenarios at a small-scale barn with an in situ biogas plant. Five life cycle assessment scenarios of dairy manure management were assessed. A real small-scale manure biogas power plant in Mexico (S-BPP) was used as case study. Five scenarios were modeled: (1.1) electricity consumption from the national grid; (1.2) electricity consumption considering a natural gas combined cycle power plant (CCPP); (2.1) partial use of electricity from the national grid and the electricity produced by the S-BPP; (2.2) partial use of electricity from the CCPP and the S-BPP, and (3) a dry anaerobic digestion S-BPP. A Monte Carlo simulation was carried out to manage the uncertainty with 95 % of confidence. A reduction of emissions in the combined cycle power grid by exploiting the manure to produce biogas, was established. Specifically, in the climate change category, there is an impact reduction by up to 70 %, which corroborates that the choice of small-scale biogas in agriculture systems is environmentally feasible. It is confirmed that using S-BPP produces a significant decrease of impacts when compared to CCPP. The results of the modeling scenarios, such as dry anaerobic digestion and/or combined cycle power plants, show a significant reduction in the emissions of the selected impact categories. This study confirms the need to develop more accurate databases of life cycle inventories regarding the Mexican electricity grid, in order to perform more reliable studies

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