Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics
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Transferring ELT Knowledge to the Classroom – Results of a Study
Get PDFThe author has been struggling with problems, the most worrying of which ahs always been the students’ inability to transfer the knowledge and skills they should have acqui ed during the course to the English language classroom. In an attempt to find out the possible reasons for such a situation the author made a small-scale survey, the results of which are presented below
Stereotype und Affektivität im interkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht
No full textThe following article discusses the relation between cultural stereotyping and affective processes in education leading to intercultural communication in modern languages studies. This work is both an attempt to explain this phenomenon theoretically and to research the previously mentioned relation in the light of postulates of intercultural education. A part of this work is also an analysis aiming at determining the factors influencing a stereotype category.The following article discusses the relation between cultural stereotyping and affective processes in education leading to intercultural communication in modern languages studies. This work is both an attempt to explain this phenomenon theoretically and to research the previously mentioned relation in the light of postulates of intercultural education. A part of this work is also an analysis aiming at determining the factors influencing a stereotype category
Zum Status eines mentalen Lexikons bei einem bilingualen Sprecher
Get PDFOn status of mental lexicon of bilingual people. Bilingual people have learnt the second language in a directed way, in institutionalised conditions, achieving linguistic and communicative competence close to competences of the first language, in reception as well as production. Do these people haev a common mental lexicon or two different ones? The author’s research have shown that students posses two separate mental lexicons.On status of mental lexicon of bilingual people. Bilingual people have learnt the second language in a directed way, in institutionalised conditions, achieving linguistic and communicative competence close to competences of the first language, in reception as well as production. Do these people haev a common mental lexicon or two different ones? The author’s research have shown that students posses two separate mental lexicon
Prototypentheorie und Theorie des semantischen Feldes als Mittel zur Beschreibung von Kategorie struktur
Get PDFThe article discusses the applicability of prototype theory and the theoiy of semantic fields for the analysis of category structure. The analysed empirical material consisted of German lexemes denoting Headgear. The first part of the article compares the theoretical assumptions of both prototype and lexical field theories. A category analysed from the structural perspective is built of elements that are all equal to one another. They all posses the same set of features called archilexeme content. Thus there are no better and no worse members of such a category. As opposed to this the prototype theory assumes that a fundament and reference point of a given category is the prototype - the category\u27s best example. All the remaining category members take the places within the category depending on their similarity to the prototype. Within this theory we can therefore speak of grades of membership as well as of grades of representability. The second part of the article discusses the means used for the realisation of the analysis as well as its results. To present the results in short: the position of a prototype takes the lexeme ,Jiut" (hat) and the whole category seems to consist of a few smaller ones included within the superior category. Thus the category structure seems to be in accordance with the assumptions of the prototype theory. The prototype as the best example was often used to create names for objects that the questioned did not know. The indirect relation between the name and the object of language extern reality found its confirmation in the question concerned with the objects features. It was not possible for people to name any features if they can not call the representation of the object. As a result many of the given words came out with no features whatsoever. The final conclusion coming out of the analysis is that the prototype theory is more proper a tool for describing the structure of natural categories whereas the structural principles\u27 application can only be the artificial categories.The article discusses the applicability of prototype theory and the theoiy of semantic fields for the analysis of category structure. The analysed empirical material consisted of German lexemes denoting Headgear. The first part of the article compares the theoretical assumptions of both prototype and lexical field theories. A category analysed from the structural perspective is built of elements that are all equal to one another. They all posses the same set of features called archilexeme content. Thus there are no better and no worse members of such a category. As opposed to this the prototype theory assumes that a fundament and reference point of a given category is the prototype - the category\u27s best example. All the remaining category members take the places within the category depending on their similarity to the prototype. Within this theory we can therefore speak of grades of membership as well as of grades of representability. The second part of the article discusses the means used for the realisation of the analysis as well as its results. To present the results in short: the position of a prototype takes the lexeme ,Jiut" (hat) and the whole category seems to consist of a few smaller ones included within the superior category. Thus the category structure seems to be in accordance with the assumptions of the prototype theory. The prototype as the best example was often used to create names for objects that the questioned did not know. The indirect relation between the name and the object of language extern reality found its confirmation in the question concerned with the objects features. It was not possible for people to name any features if they can not call the representation of the object. As a result many of the given words came out with no features whatsoever. The final conclusion coming out of the analysis is that the prototype theory is more proper a tool for describing the structure of natural categories whereas the structural principles\u27 application can only be the artificial categories
Comparative Analysis of Hausa Terms and Concepts Used over Nigerian Electronic Media
Get PDFThe study is set up to examine Hausa terms and concepts used over the Nigeria electronic media. Specifically the study analyses the use of Hausa in the eastern Hausa dialect area where we sample Plateau and Adamawa States in Nigeria. Through various instruments of research, the study comes up with various performances of the Hausa Broadcasters in terms of IOVs, IOAs, IOCs, and IOIs. The study identifies that there are various degrees of variations among Hausa Broadcasters in the use of terms and concepts in the electronic media in the non-Hausa dialect area. These variations are observed at different levels i.e. among Hausa Broadcasters in the same electronic media within the same dialect area and across electronic media. These variations occasion various degrees of performances among Hausa Broadcasters in terms of IOAs. The study further identifies various degrees of performances in terms of IOCs, which result in various degrees of performances in terms of IOIs. The performances of the Hausa Broadcasters result in confusions and breakdown of communication as reported by Hausa listeners. These variations and inconsistencies in the use of Hausa terms and concepts over the electronic media are tied up to various factors. The lack of a language monitoring body saddled with the responsibility of supervising Hausa language development in the media may be the cause of such discrepancies in the use of terms of concepts over the electronic media in the non-Hausa dialect area
Die Studentenbewegung 1968 im Spiegel d e r deutschen Presse. Ein Überblick über die Schlagzeilen zur Anti-Springer-Kampagne im April 1968
Get PDFThis article describes the attitudes of German press to the events of the student protest in West Berlin and West Germany in 1968. A number of headlines from five major German newspapers and magazines (from Das Bild to Neues Deutschland) have been chosen to illustrate how the same facts were differently interpreted by left-wing and right-wing journalists. The language of political propaganda is in the author"s focus of attention although the first part of the article also covers some historical aspects of the student revolt. Since the media played an active role in the revolt on both sides of the social conflict, this short analysis of the German press might be of interest to linguists and historians alike. Among the analyzed linguistic aspects of the headlines are the following: the degree of neutrality or objectivity vs. emotional bias, the use of quotations, irony, colloquialisms as well as the perspective and the content of the headlines as speech acts. On this basis the author tries to define the position of the five newspapers and magazines in the political debate about the events of 1968 which continues to this day.This article describes the attitudes of German press to the events of the student protest in West Berlin and West Germany in 1968. A number of headlines from five major German newspapers and magazines (from Das Bild to Neues Deutschland) have been chosen to illustrate how the same facts were differently interpreted by left-wing and right-wing journalists. The language of political propaganda is in the author"s focus of attention although the first part of the article also covers some historical aspects of the student revolt. Since the media played an active role in the revolt on both sides of the social conflict, this short analysis of the German press might be of interest to linguists and historians alike. Among the analyzed linguistic aspects of the headlines are the following: the degree of neutrality or objectivity vs. emotional bias, the use of quotations, irony, colloquialisms as well as the perspective and the content of the headlines as speech acts. On this basis the author tries to define the position of the five newspapers and magazines in the political debate about the events of 1968 which continues to this day
Evaluation formative initiale de la competence interculturelle des apprenants de fle dans le contexte universitaire
Get PDFThe problem discussed in the article refers to a wider context of the empirical research realized within the doctoral dissertation. The research aims at proving the influence of the educational evaluation of the intercultural competence on the development of personal communicative competence of the first year students of French in the College of Foreign Language at the University of Adam Mickiewicz. The evaluation of the competence was conducted in the institutional conditions with the use of traditional media materials in French and Polish. The article introduces the concept of the educational evaluation of intercultural competence. The author also presents the results of the empirical research from its initial phase. The main focus is on the issue of students\u27 metacognitive readiness to perform this type of evaluation. The article aims to show that the positive role of the educational evaluation of intercultural competence in developing personal communicative competence of learners depends to a large extent on the level of metacognitive awareness they managed to reach
Zur zerebralen Organisation von Sprach
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the cerebral organisation of language. This work is intended as a state-of-the-art paper describing current research and theory in some subfields of cognitive neuroscience that may be of importance for the glottodidactics. Part 1 focuses on the issue of lateralization of language. Part 2 provides information on evaluation procedures in brain and points out that language, cognition and emotion can\u27t be viewed as separate elements of mental processing. An attempt has been made to elucidate the role of epigenetic determinations in learning process. In part 3 experimental aspects of neurolinguistics are emphasized, such as aphasia research, advanced brain mapping techniques as essential steps toward better understanding the neural correlates of language functions, and a review how event-related potentials (ERPs) have been used to reflect semantic and syntactic processing in normal adults and children.The article is devoted to the cerebral organisation of language. This work is intended as a state-of-the-art paper describing current research and theory in some subfields of cognitive neuroscience that may be of importance for the glottodidactics. Part 1 focuses on the issue of lateralization of language. Part 2 provides information on evaluation procedures in brain and points out that language, cognition and emotion can\u27t be viewed as separate elements of mental processing. An attempt has been made to elucidate the role of epigenetic determinations in learning process. In part 3 experimental aspects of neurolinguistics are emphasized, such as aphasia research, advanced brain mapping techniques as essential steps toward better understanding the neural correlates of language functions, and a review how event-related potentials (ERPs) have been used to reflect semantic and syntactic processing in normal adults and children
Translator and interpreter training. Curriculum design. New prospects and dilemmas
Get PDFInstitutional changes within universities and the challenge of EU enlargement present translator and interpreter trainers with both new opportunities and dilemmas. The major potential tension areas that must be addressed in the curricula include the status of retour translation and interpreting, the role of liaison interpreting in the curriculum, the separation of interpreter and translator training, and the focus on skills and techniques vs. background knowledge. The article suggests tentative solutions in these areas, based on the authors\u27 own experience in curriculum design. The limitations and advantages of a postgraduate training programme within a foreignlanguage department are also discussed
Comparative Analysis of Hausa Terms and Concepts Used over Nigerian Electronic Media
No full textThe following paper deals generally with the linguistic research of the german language of law and more precisely - the texts written by lawyers. It presents the joint analysis of three successive written statements concerning a civil case - the statement of claim, the statement of defence and the replication. The aim is to give a linguistic description of this type of text including the analysis of the interaction between the parties reflected in the language of these texts. Therefore three levels of texts were taken into consideration - the macrostructure, the midistructure and the microstructure. The main part of the interaction takes place in the complex level of midistructure, on the one hand between the speech acts of each text, on the other hand as a progress of the topical structure, but the remaining levels are also influenced. The joint analysis of the three texts enables to observe similarities between such approach and the analysis of a spoken interaction, ie. a talk, discussion. Thus, it is an example of overcoming the division of the linguistic research into two fields - the linguistic of the spoken and written language.The study is set up to examine Hausa terms and concepts used over the Nigeria electronic media. Specifically the study analyses the use of Hausa in the eastern Hausa dialect area where we sample Plateau and Adamawa States in Nigeria. Through various instruments of research, the study comes up with various performances of the Hausa Broadcasters in terms of IOVs, IOAs, IOCs, and IOIs. The study identifies that there are various degrees of variations among Hausa Broadcasters in the use of terms and concepts in the electronic media in the non-Hausa dialect area. These variations are observed at different levels i.e. among Hausa Broadcasters in the same electronic media within the same dialect area and across electronic media. These variations occasion various degrees of performances among Hausa Broadcasters in terms of IOAs. The study further identifies various degrees of performances in terms of IOCs, which result in various degrees of performances in terms of IOIs. The performances of the Hausa Broadcasters result in confusions and breakdown of communication as reported by Hausa listeners. These variations and inconsistencies in the use of Hausa terms and concepts over the electronic media are tied up to various factors. The lack of a language monitoring body saddled with the responsibility of supervising Hausa language development in the media may be the cause of such discrepancies in the use of terms of concepts over the electronic media in the non-Hausa dialect area