Mak IR Repository (Makerere University)
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Examining the implementation of community policing and its effects on crime: case study of Kampala Metropolitan/East, Uganda
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training in partial fulfilment for the award of a Master of Arts in Peace and Conflict Studies of Makerere UniversityThis research examines the implementation of community policing in Uganda with a case study of Kampala Metropolitan East (KMP/E). The specific objectives of the study were; to establish the nature and structure of the community policing programme in Kampala Metropolitan East in Uganda, to establish how community policing is implemented in KMP/E and to assess whether the implementation of a community policing programme is adequate in fighting crime in Uganda. The primary problem is that Kampala Metropolitan/East has difficulties implementing the community policing program given challenges like lack of resources, untrusting community and lack of community policing policy. The research is grounded in the situational crime prevention theory developed by Felson and Clarke (1998), which offers law enforcement officers a framework to evaluate and execute interventions that reduce the likelihood and severity of crime. The research adopted a mixed-method approach with the aid of a case study design, and data was collected using Questionnaires, Key Informant Interviews, and Focus Group Discussions from 117 participants; the researcher adhered to ethical considerations, and the data collection procedure included obtaining a letter from the university before the research and obtaining informed consent from participants. The findings indicate that although community policing is a well-appreciated strategy, it faces challenges in its implementation, especially those related to a policy that has yet to be passed, limited resources, and inadequate training in community policing. Community policing implementation remains a pragmatic way of curbing crime in society. The overwhelming responses from the respondents of both genders and all ages in multiple locations confirmed this. However, trust in the police remains questionable. Building community-police trust requires sustained effort. Still, it is essential before police can identify and address the genuine concerns of the community. Consequently, this research recommends that a Community Policing Policy should be passed by the authorities as soon as possible to give Community Policing a more robust mandate, adequate resources should be earmarked for Community Policing to smoothen its implementation and proper training should be adopted as a core component of Community Policing to empower officers with necessary competencies to implement it. Lastly, cooperation with the community should be enhanced to foster community ownership and increase the benefits of community policing
The efficacy of the current legal and regulatory framework on the protection of the rights of Ugandan migrant domestic workers in the middle east: a human rights perspective
No full textA dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of a Master of Laws Degree of Makerere UniversityUganda has a current and existing legal and regulatory framework comprising of both domestic and international laws that provide for the protection of the rights of all Ugandan citizens. Despite the existence of a progressive legal framework, designed to protect the rights of all individuals, severe and egregious violations continue to occur to Ugandan Migrant Domestic Workers (MDWs) in the Middle East. These include exploitation, contract breaches, torture, organ harvesting, and other forms of inhumane treatment, highlighting a significant gap between the legal protections and the harsh realities faced. This study examines the disconnect between both the national and international legal framework in protecting Ugandan MDWs in the Middle East, and also the persistent, and disturbing reports of abuse and suffering. The study highlights the current and existing legal and regulatory frameworks, identifying the significant gaps that leave Ugandan MDWs vulnerable. The study also assesses the effectiveness of the legal framework using a qualitative research design and a human-rights-based approach to explore the experiences and perspectives of the various MDWs, government officials, and Private Employment Agencies (PEAs). Findings reveal that although Uganda’s legal framework and structures are progressive, practical implementation faces many challenges such as inadequate pre-departure training, poor information dissemination, and the weak regulatory oversight, among others that undermines these protections. In host countries, restrictive visa regimes, employer-controlled work permits, confiscation of passports and limited access to legal recourse worsen the conditions of MDWs. Additionally, bilateral agreements between Uganda and the Middle Eastern countries have also failed to currently protect MDWs, and often lack detailed provisions and effective enforcement mechanisms. In conclusion, through a comparative analysis of successful migrant workers’ laws, policies and programs in countries such as the Philippines, Nepal, and Bangladesh, the study identifies potential areas for reform within Uganda’s legal framework to better protect MDWs’ rights. The study concludes with recommendations for strengthening bilateral agreements, enhancing pre-departure training, improving regulatory oversight, and international cooperation, but strongly advocates for the enactment of a specific legislation with supporting policies to effectively regulate the labour migration export sector. These measures are crucial to ensure the protection and promotion of MDWs’ rights and upholding the inherent dignity, wellbeing, safety, and their inherent worth
Parenting styles, peer influence, and antisocial behaviour among adolescents in Mukono District
No full textA Dissertation submitted to Makerere University College of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Psychology, Department of Mental Health and Community Psychology in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of Master of Science in Clinical Psychology of Makerere University.Adolescence is a critical stage of life, associated with high peer influence and high prevalence of antisocial behaviours. The type of parenting in a home is associated with adolescent’s peer influence and anti-social behaviours. However, limited research has been conducted among adolescents in Uganda about the significance of understanding this relationship. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between parenting styles, peer influence, and anti-social behaviours among adolescents in Uganda and at the same time explore the potential mediating role of peer influence. A cross-sectional design was used and data was collected using self-report questionnaires. The sample consisted of 195 adolescents from a selected secondary school in Mukono and purposive sampling technique was utilized. The Parental Authority Questionnaire, the Peer influence, Popularity and Conformity Questionnaire, and the Anti-social Behaviour Questionnaire were used to measure parenting styles, peer influence, and anti-social behaviours respectively. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. One-Way ANOVA results revealed that parenting styles were significantly related with anti-social behaviours (F (2,192) =121.68, p= .004), parenting styles were also significantly associated with peer influence. (F (2, 192) = 14.12, p = .047) while Pearson correlation results revealed that there was a significant relationship between peer influence and antisocial behaviour, ( r (193) = .452, p < .0.01). Peer influence mediated the relationship between parenting styles and anti-social behaviours (B = 0.53, SE = 0.19, t = 2.81, p = .006).These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of these variables and further provide significant insights for parents, governments and other stakeholders to develop policies and interventions that cultivate positive relationships among adolescents and help to promote pro-social behaviours
The role of internal controls in risk management of commercial banks: a case study of I & M bank
No full textA research report submitted to the College of Business and Management Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a degree of Master of Business Administration of Makerere UniversityPrevious research shows internal controls are particularly crucial in the banking sector compared to other business organizations, as this environment is highly susceptible to risks that need to be managed to ensure optimal performance and profitability. Motivated by increasing leverage ratio, at I&M Bank Uganda indicating challenges in managing risks. The study examined the internal control activities, their contribution to risk management, assessing challenges to effective implementation, and identifying strategies for successful implementation. A cross-sectional and descriptive research design with a quantitative approach was used, collecting data from 88 I&M Bank staff via a survey questionnaire. The study on I&M Bank's internal controls highlighted several strengths, including effective segregation of duties and proper transaction authorization that helped prevent fraud. However, it also identified weaknesses, such as inadequate periodic review of controls and security incident reporting protocols. The internal control framework was generally effective in risk identification and fraud prevention but fell short in regulatory compliance. Challenges like limited financial resources, resistance to new technologies, communication issues, and lack of leadership support hindered effective risk management. To address these issues, the study recommended increased budget allocations for risk management, hiring additional staff, providing regular training, improving communication protocols, and engaging employees in control design and implementation. Strengthening training programs is also suggested to reduce resistance to change and enhance risk management understanding. Overall, the study emphasizes the need for robust internal controls and offers actionable recommendations to improve I&M Bank’s risk management capabilities, benefiting both the bank and other financial institutions aiming to enhance their internal control frameworks.
Key words : Internal Controls, Risk Management, Commercial Banks, contribution of internal controls and and internal controls Challenge
Evaluation of ethanol-diesel blends for potential fuel use in diesel engines
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training in partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of Degree of Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering of Makerere UniversityThe study examined the impact of ethanol-diesel blended fuel on engine performance, with a focus on biodiesel as a potential alternative fuel for vehicles. While biodiesels offer benefits such as lower fuel costs compared to non-blended fuels, technological challenges hinder their widespread adoption. One major concern is the corrosive wear associated with high blend ratios, which poses a significant risk to the fuel industry. This research aimed to identify a viable fuel for use in direct injection diesel engines by evaluating the effect of the blended fuel on parameters such as appearance, density, kinematic viscosity, corrosive wear, and energy content. Experimental procedures were employed to assess the fuel properties: appearance was evaluated visually, density was measured using a hydrometer, kinematic viscosity was determined with a viscometer, and energy content was measured through bomb calorimetry. Five fuel samples, each of 50 ml, were prepared for the experiments. These included a control sample of 100% diesel and four ethanol-diesel blends with ethanol concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. In addition to the experimental tests, a numerical simulation of the performance of the prepared fuel blends was conducted using the ANSYS tool. The simulation assessed parameters such as power output, torque, water production, corrosive wear, and emissions, and the results were compared to the experimental findings. Across all experiments, the control sample of pure diesel was tested alongside the ethanol-diesel blends at varying ethanol. The study used various methods to assess the properties of ethanol-diesel blends. Appearance was evaluated visually, and all samples passed the observation test. Density was measured using a hydrometer, and it was found that density increased with higher ethanol content, supporting the use of ethanol blends. Kinematic viscosity, measured with a viscometer, initially increased with the ethanol percentage up to 28.6%, then decreased beyond that point. The experimental and simulation results were compared, revealing a slight reduction in calorific value, which led to minimal decreases in torque and power. However, the cost benefits of the fuel blend outweighed this reduction, and the copper corrosion test results (Class 1a, Pass) indicated negligible corrosive wear, supporting the fuel’s usability. Additionally, reduced emissions, confirmed through the simulation, demonstrated the potential for improved environmental sustainability, addressing the research gap regarding the viability of ethanoldiesel blen
Financial literacy, financial inclusion, income diversification, and household welfare: a case of Soroti District, Uganda
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a degree of Master of Arts in Business Administration, Makerere UniversityThis research aimed to explore the relationship between financial literacy, financial inclusion, income diversification, and household welfare in Soroti District. The study used a purely quantitative approach, collecting data from 173 respondents using a survey questionnaire method. The results showed that financial literacy, income diversification, and financial inclusion affect household welfare. Income diversification partially mediates the relationship between financial literacy and household welfare, financial behavior and household welfare, and financial inclusion and household welfare because both direct and indirect relationships between independent variables, constructs and dependent variable existed. However, income diversification did not mediate the relationship between financial knowledge and household welfare. The study recommends a practical approach to financial literacy in Soroti District, focusing on skills like budgeting and debt management. It emphasizes financial inclusion, targeting underserved populations and reducing transaction costs. Supporting entrepreneurship and promoting diverse economic activities can enhance household welfare and resilience to economic uncertainties. The study contributes to the literature on household welfare in a developing country by advancing the Public Goods Theory of Financial Inclusion, suggesting that delivering formal financial services to the entire population and ensuring unrestricted access to finance should be considered a public good. Future studies could use a mixed study approach, extend the study to other parts of the country, take a longitudinal approach for long-term analysis, and use income diversification to moderate the relationship between financial inclusion, financial literacy, and household welfare
The influence of financial technologies on financial inclusion: the case of commercial banks in Uganda
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a degree of Master of Science in Accounting and Finance of Makerere University.The study investigated the relationship between financial technologies and financial inclusion,
guided by three main objectives: to examine the relationship between technological
infrastructure and financial inclusion, to assess the impact of financial education initiatives on
financial inclusion, and to explore the connection between innovation and research investment
and financial inclusion. The research was grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model
(TAM) and used a correlational design to measure the association between variables. The
population comprised bank branch managers, supervisors, and IT officers from Absa Bank
Uganda, Stanbic Bank Uganda, and UBA Bank, with a sample of 118 respondents, of which 86
completed the survey. The study revealed an equal gender distribution among participants, with
most respondents aged 30-39 years and holding a bachelor's degree. The analysis demonstrated a
significant positive relationship between financial education and financial inclusion. The
regression results indicated a significant positive relationship between technological
infrastructure and financial inclusion, they also indicated a strong positive relationship between
innovation and research investment and financial inclusion. Additionally, the study revealed a
positive relationship between technological infrastructure and financial inclusion. The study also
concluded that investments in financial technologies boosted operational efficiency and customer
satisfaction in financial institutions. The study recommended increasing investments in
upgrading and expanding technological infrastructure to ensure reliable access to financial
technologies. Furthermore, it suggested that future research should evaluate the effectiveness of
different financial literacy programs in promoting the adoption of financial technologies, with
comparative studies identifying best practices and recommending improvements for these
initiatives
Antenatal mental health information provision at China Uganda Friendship Hospital Naguru, Uganda
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Information Science of Makerere UniversitySome women experience psychological distress or psychological illness when pregnant or after
giving birth. Depression and anxiety are the most widely recognized psychological well-being
issues during pregnancy. The study aimed to investigate antenatal mental health information
provision in China Uganda Friendship Hospital Naguru in Uganda (CUFHN). Objectives were to:
examine Antenatal Mental Health Information (AMHI) needs of pregnant women with mental
health challenges, at CUFHN; establish antenatal mental health information services and sources
through which information is provided; examine provision, access, utilization, and benefits of
antenatal mental health information to the pregnant women with mental distress; determine the
barriers, towards provision, access, and utilization of antenatal mental health information. This
research adopted a case study research design, with a qualitative research approach. The research
further used the interpretivism research paradigm to deal with in-depth variables and factors
relating to AMHI. Purposive and Convenience sampling techniques were adopted as sampling
strategies.
The study found that the AMHI needs of pregnant women at CUFHN were stress management,
emotional change, a variety of information and awareness topics, management of antenatal mental
health symptoms, and myths and cultural beliefs among women indicating the importance of
addressing their antenatal mental health information needs. The services provided by CUFHN to
pregnant women included: counseling services, mental health services support, education and
awareness through health talks, gender-based violence screening and mental assessment services,
information on pregnancy-related complications services, and information dissemination services.
The sources through which information is provided include: Television screens, charts, posters,
notice boards, experienced peer-to-peer, and brochures. AMHI was accessed through print media posters, brochures; hospital television sets, and information through organized sessions by
CUFHN and peer-to-peer support. Barriers included stigma, cultural beliefs, limited access to
information, lack of adequate space, lack of awareness, follow-up challenges, and weak referral
information provision systems.
The study concluded that addressing antenatal mental health information provision among
pregnant women is crucial. Timely intervention and support remain crucial for recovery, providing
comprehensive information packages regarding these mental health issues is essential to meet
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pregnant women's antenatal mental health information needs and promote awareness. Addressing
pregnant women's antenatal mental health needs is vital for enhancing maternal well-being and
ensuring informed decision-making among pregnant women, providing comprehensive
information packages regarding these antenatal mental health issues is essential to meet pregnant
women's antenatal mental health information needs and promoting information awareness.
The study recommends AMHI provision and access policy, CUFHN should adopt the proposed
model, which the researcher believes should be able to address all the challenges the hospital and
the pregnant women are facing. The government of Uganda through the Ministry of Health should
support CUFHN to incorporate antenatal mental health information provision to be part of the
work policies, CUFHN should provide a safe and private space for pregnant women to express
concerns and receive information on guidance, coping strategies, and psycho-education on
managing stress, anxiety, and depressio
Stakeholder collaboration and quality of education in Uganda: a case of Kampala City Council Authority Primary schools
No full textA research report submitted to the College of Business and Management Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a degree of Master of Business Administration of Makerere UniversityQuality has become the concern of educational policy-makers around the world as the heart of education. Lack of quality means basic educational needs go unsatisfied. This would create inability in learners’ lives and compromise their overall experience of living socially, culturally and economically. KCCA primary schools are often criticized as inefficient, characterized with low levels of fitness for purpose and value for money to most stakeholders, and inadequate transformation of the learners into all round future human resources. Some of the reasons the provision of low-quality education services particularly in KCCA primary schools in Uganda, may be associated with ineffective stakeholder collaboration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between stakeholder collaboration and quality of education services in KCCA primary schools in Uganda. Findings revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between stakeholder collaboration and quality education
Social media usage, generalized anxiety disorder and depression among students of young Women’s Christian Association Vocational Training Institute (YWCA VTI) in Kampala
No full textA dissertation submitted to Makerere University, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Psychology, Department of Mental Health and Community Psychology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Counselling of Makerere UniversitySocial media usage has become an indispensable aspect of young people’s digital interactions, as they use it mostly for entertainment and communication purposes. The aim of the study was to assess the association between social media usage, generalized anxiety disorder and depression among students of Young Women’s Christian Association Vocational Training Institute (YWCA VTI) in Kampala. The study used a quantitative research design and in particular a correlational research approach. A sample of 150 aged 18-40 years was recruited using purposive sampling technique method. The sample was composed of both male and female respondents. Data was presented into statistical information using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS-IBM SPSS Version-21.0) and Pearson Chi-square to establish whether the variables were correlated. Frequency tables were used for descriptive statistics and percentages including standard deviation and means. Social media use was measured by Social Media Use Integration Scale (SMUIS-17), generalized anxiety disorder was measured by Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and depression was measured by Depression Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Using the Pearson chi-square, results showed relationship between social media usage and depression (x2(4, n=150) =.019), association between social media usage and generalized anxiety disorder (x2(1, n=150) =.018) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder and depression (x2(4, n=150) =.008).Andrew Hayes moderation analysis procedure using PROCESS macro was used to investigate the hypothesis that generalized anxiety disorder moderates the relationship between social media usage and depression among students (.000, p=.019). From the study, it is recommended that the students need to be trained on better usage of the social media so as to minimize time wastage on chatting and other irrelevant engagements that are not of major importance on their lives