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Farmers’ knowledge management and communication practices in citrus production in Teso sub-region, Uganda
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Master of Strategic and Corporate Communication of Makerere University.This study examined the knowledge management and communication practices of citrus farmers in the Teso sub-region, with a focus on evaluating existing practices, analyzing the relationship between knowledge management and agronomic practices, and identifying challenges faced by farmers in managing and sharing knowledge related to citrus production. The study adopted the Knowledge Management model developed by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), which emphasizes the conversion between tacit and explicit knowledge. The study also adopted a mixed methods approach involving both quantitative and qualitative data, where cross-sectional data were collected from a sample size of 268 respondents in Gweri and Arapai sub-counties in Soroti district, Uganda. The findings reveal gender and age disparities in farming activities, limited access to information and resources, and a significant reliance on community-based learning. The age distribution shows a significant presence of older farmers, with younger farmers underrepresented. Older farmers are less likely to adopt modern technologies, necessitating age-appropriate training programme memes to facilitate technology adoption. Younger farmers, more receptive to digital tools, should be encouraged to act as community facilitators. Most respondents own small citrus farms, with a considerable proportion owning less than an acre. Small farm sizes imply limited financial resources and lower risk tolerance, consistent with observations that small-scale farmers face more significant barriers to adopting new technologies. Consequently, knowledge dissemination strategies should focus on low-cost, lowrisk solutions tailored to small-scale farming. The predominant cultivation of oranges over other citrus varieties aligns with market demand and adaptability, suggesting the need for area-specific agricultural practices and knowledge management strategies.
Knowledge management practices among citrus farmers reveal that the primary sources of information are radios, training/workshops, and farmer cooperatives. However, there is a significant reliance on experienced farmers and local extension officers, highlighting the importance of community-based learning. The limited involvement of extension workers due to resource constraints underscores a significant support gap
The technical efficiency and total factor productivity growth of health systems in African least developed countries 2008 -2018
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training in partial fulfilment for the award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Economics of Makerere UniversityAlthough 20–40% of health spending globally is wasted, the magnitude of this wastage in African Least Developed Countries (African LDCs) is unknown. The objective of this study is to examine the technical efficiency and total factor productivity growth of health systems in 29 African LDCs over the 2008-2018 period. Using data from the WHO, World Bank, and UNESCO, the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis is used to assess the technical efficiency of health systems; the random effects Tobit model is adopted to ascertain the determinants of the technical efficiency of health systems; and the Data Envelopment Analysis-based Malmquist productivity index is used to establish the total factor productivity growth of the health systems. The results indicate variations in the technical efficiency of health systems of African LDCs. The reduction in technical efficiency is attributed to political stability, voice and accountability, gross secondary school enrollment, unemployment and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS. However, the improvement in technical efficiency is attributed to regulatory quality, gross national income, and the adult literacy rate. There is also progress in the total factor productivity growth of health systems in African LDCs, which is mainly due to an increase in technical efficiency rather than technological change. Thus, African LDCs that have technically inefficient health systems and are demonstrating regress in the total factor productivity growth of their health systems need to benchmark on the African LDCs that have technically efficient health systems and those whose health systems are demonstrating progress in the total factor productivity growth. African LDCs need to improve political stability, voice, and accountability; improve the quality of education; create employment and strengthen measures to fight HIV/AIDS. They also need to improve their level of technology to witness adequate progress in the total factor productivity growth of their health systems
Institutional practices for internationalization at University of Juba, South Sudan
No full textA Dissertation submitted to the directorate of research and graduate training in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Higher Education (Research and Innovation) of Makerere University.The pervasive effects of globalization have put unprecedented pressure on higher education institutions across the world to internationalize. As such, internationalization has become an institutional imperative, not just a desirable possibility in higher education. In light of this scenario, I examined the institutional practices for internationalization at the University of Juba
based on the seeming inadequacy of institutional practices to actualize internationalization at the University. I examined the institutional practices for mobility of students and staff, internationalization of the curriculum and internationalization of research. I used phenomenology as the research design to generate deeper understanding of institutional practices for internationalization at the University of Juba drawing on the lived experiences of 14 participants I selected purposefully: two participants from top management, one participant each from the Directorates of International Relations and Alumni Affairs, Academic Affairs, Human Resource Management, Internationally Funded Projects and University Enterprise Development, and the Research Department, and six participants from the University Board. I adopted the practice theory as the theoretical lens. I collected data through interviewing and review of documents and analyzed the data thematically. The findings reveal that institutional practices for mobility of students and staff were ad hoc and skewed to out-bound mobility; there was limited integration of international, intercultural, and multicultural dimensions in the curriculum; institutional practices for internationalization of research were skewed to pursuing international collaborations and partnerships only. I conclude that the lack of balance in academic mobility at
the University of Juba is unhealthy, the skewed focus on out-bound academic mobility may exacerbate the problem of brain drain, and failure by the University to attract diversity in the staff and student population will affect the University’s reputation, status and international competitiveness; failure to integrate international, intercultural, and multicultural dimensions in the curriculum will affect the international competitiveness of the curriculum at the University of Juba; and skewed focus on research collaborations and partnerships will have negative consequences on the University's reputation, visibility and international status. I recommend that the University of Juba should develop a comprehensive institutional strategy to actualize internationalization
A comprehensive analysis of Uganda’s labour dispute resolution legal framework: a case study of Kampala District
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Directorate of Research And Graduate Training in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Laws of Makerere UniversityLabor disputes in Uganda remain a critical issue, affecting both workers' rights and industrial relations. This study critically examines Uganda's labor dispute resolution mechanisms, focusing on their effectiveness particularly in Kampala District. Conflicts between workers and employees are inevitable in any employment relationship, and Uganda's current legal and institutional frameworks face significant challenges in providing timely, fair, and effective resolutions to these disputes. Despite existing mechanisms such as the Industrial Court, labor officers, and the recently established Public Service Tribunal, issues such as inefficiencies, lack of awareness, inadequate funding, and procedural delays hinder swift resolution of labor disputes, impacting industrial harmony and economic stability. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both primary data collected through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, and secondary data from relevant documents, reports, and literature. The study finds that Uganda's labor dispute resolution mechanisms are constrained by several factors, including jurisdictional limitations, a backlog of cases at the Industrial Court, inadequate supervision and training of labor officers, insufficient funding, and structural challenges within the Ministry of Gender, Labour, and Social Development (MGLSD). These issues prevent many workers, especially those in remote areas or the informal sector, from accessing justice. Furthermore, the existing legal framework lacks the flexibility to incorporate alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods like mediation and arbitration, which could potentially provide more efficient and accessible avenues for resolving disputes. The study concludes that the current labor dispute resolution legal framework in Uganda indeed needs significant reform to boost its effectiveness, availability, accessibility and fairness. It hereby recommends amending the Labour Disputes (Arbitration and Settlement) Act, Cap. 227 to elevate the role of Alternative Dispute Resolution methods. Additionally, there is a need to decentralize labor offices to increase accessibility and availability, increase funding for labour institutions, put more effort in public awareness and education on labour rights and available labour dispute resolution methods and processes. By adopting the said recommendations, Uganda can create a more solid, reliable and inclusive labour dispute resolution system that ensures fair treatment and justice for all stakeholders
Assessment of the hydropower potential of River Inyau in Terego District, West Nile Region
No full textA thesis submitted to the Graduate School in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Master of Science Degree in Renewable Energy of Makerere UniversityThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of developing a small hydropower plant (SHP) on the ungauged River Inyau in Terego District, focusing on four key objectives: determining water availability, estimating electricity demand, developing a preliminary design for the hydropower plant, and conducting an economic analysis. Hydrological assessments were performed to gauge water availability, utilizing flow estimation methods suitable for ungauged rivers. This confirms that the River Inyau has adequate flow to sustain power generation throughout the year. The electricity demand for the Imvepi community in Terego District was estimated based on population growth, daily consumption patterns, and existing grid access. These estimations show a growing demand for reliable, renewable energy sources, making the hydropower project vital for meeting the community's needs. A preliminary hydropower plant design was developed, including civil, mechanical, and electrical components, with an estimated project investment cost of 2,253/kW. A breakdown of costs reveals that civil works and electromechanical components account for 43.6% and 40.6% of the total investment, respectively. The economic analysis, performed using a 9.75% discount rate, resulted in a net present value (NPV) of $670,074.29 and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 11%, confirming the project's financial viability. These results indicate that the development of a hydropower plant on River Inyau is both technically feasible and economically sustainable, offering a renewable energy solution to meet the electricity demand of the Imvepi community. The study provides a foundation for future hydropower projects in similar ungauged river basins, contributing to sustainable energy development in the region
A critical analysis of collective management governance as a remedy to copyright administration in Uganda
No full textA research proposal submitted to the School of Law in partial fulfilment for the award of the Master of Laws Degree of Makerere UniversityCollective management organizations (CMOs) play a crucial role in administering copyright in the modern era, aggregating rights and centralizing licensing, monitoring, and enforcement functions. However, the efficacy of CMOs depends on the legal and institutional frameworks within which they operate. This study utilised the doctrinal research methodology to critically analyse the system of collective copyright administration in Uganda, revealing that while Uganda has ratified international copyright treaties, substantive domestic legislation comprehensively regulating the formation, ownership, activities, governance, rights and duties of CMOs is lacking. Existing law focuses narrowly on registration without governing operations, accountability, and supervision, constraining the optimal functioning of fledgling CMOs like the Uganda Performing Rights Society, Uganda Federation of Movie Industry, and Uganda Reproduction Rights Organization. Systemic challenges plague these CMOs, including limited government support, complex multi-agency registration, financial constraints, corruption allegations, lack of transparency in royalty collection/distribution, litigation over legitimacy, failure to comply with regulations owing to limited capacity, and de- registration in some cases over mismanagement. To strengthen collective administration, legal reforms are imperative to enact comprehensive legislation substantively regulating CMO formation, ownership, membership, permitted activities, governance frameworks, rights and duties, state supervision, accountability mechanisms, and dissolution processes. Institutional reforms proposed include designating a specialized agency as the principal CMO regulator, implementing capacity-building programs to address skills gaps in governance and enforcement, increasing state funding and infrastructure support to CMOs, and establishing alternative dispute resolution mechanisms headed by domain experts. Technology adoption solutions like encryption, digital identifiers, and rights management systems are recommended to improve monitoring, evidence gathering, and combating piracy
PTSD symptoms, social support and alcohol abuse among urban refugee adolescents in Kampala district
No full textA research dissertation submitted to the school of psychology in partial fulfilment for the award of a master of science in clinical psychology of Makerere University.Introduction: This study aimed to explore the relationships between PTSD symptoms, social support, and alcohol abuse among urban refugee adolescents in Kampala District. Refugee adolescents' alcohol abuse is a significant issue in Uganda, impacting urban centers and families fleeing conflict. Methods: A correlational study design was employed, utilizing quantitative data collection methods. Respondents’ PTSD symptoms, social support, and alcohol abuse were measured, and data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: The findings established a positive significant relationship between PTSD symptoms and alcohol abuse. Additionally, a significant relationship was found between PTSD symptoms and social support, as well as between social support and alcohol abuse among refugee adolescents. The analysis revealed that social support significantly mediated the relationship between PTSD symptoms and alcohol abuse. Discussion: Overall, the study found an association between PTSD symptoms, social support, and alcohol abuse. Adolescents with PTSD symptoms and low social support from their families were at greater risk for engaging in alcohol abuse. Conversely, adolescents from families with high social support and managed PTSD symptoms were less likely to engage in alcohol abuse
Examining land governance systems in Wakiso District, Uganda: a case of Kyadondo County
No full textA research report submitted to the College of Business and Management Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a degree of Master of Business Administration of Makerere University.The purpose of the study was to examine land governance systems in Wakiso District Uganda, using a case of Kyadondo County. The study was guided by the following research objectives; to establish the current land governance systems in Wakiso District, to identify causes of ineffectiveness in the land governance systems in Wakiso District and to develop strategic interventions for improving land governance systems for sustainable land use in Wakiso District. The study followed a cross sectional design and adopted a qualitative approach. Primary data was collected using interview guides that were used by the researcher to interview respondents. The study targeted a population of 51 respondents and comprised of a sample size of 44 respondents. Data was analysed with the help of Coding Analysis Toolkit (CAT) program and followed thematic analysis technique. The study found out the following; institutional inefficiencies, corruption, lack of capacity, inadequate community engagement, persistent land conflicts, and weaknesses in the legal framework are all significant contributors to ineffective land governance. The proposed recommendations for the study include; establish and enforce strict anti-corruption policies within land administration bodies, allocate resources for continuous training and professional development programs for land management personnel, develop mechanisms for involving local communities in land governance processes and update existing land laws and policies to address contemporary challenges and inconsistencies
Exploring the intersections between teenage pregnancy and poverty in Uganda
No full textAn extended essay submitted to the Department of Political Science and Public Administration in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Master’s Degree of Arts in Public Administration and Management of Makerere UniversityTeenage pregnancy is a major social and public health problem globally. The major objective of this essay was to explore the intersections between teenage pregnancy and poverty in Uganda. Poverty and teenage pregnancy in Uganda intersect. This is because poverty is a key predictor and outcome of teenage pregnancy in Uganda. However, several other individual, interpersonal, and societal factors contribute to poverty in the country. Among these are; challenges in growth and development, lack of adequate SRHS information, substance abuse, peer influence, family and household information, childhood experience, breakdown of communication, change in the family structure, cultural norms, modernization and technological advancement, corruption, limited birth registration and limited access to education. Teenage pregnancy poses many effects on the victim, the child, and the country as a whole and there are international, national, and community-specific strategies put forward to address the problem. Overall, poverty and teenage pregnancy intersect in Uganda. Poverty is a cause and an effect of teenage pregnancy in the country. Integrated interventions must therefore be developed to address the problem of teenage pregnancy in Uganda
A framework for knowledge retention in a Pharmaceutical Industry: a case study of Quality Chemicals Limited
No full textA dissertation submitted to the School of Computing and Information Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of a degree of Master of Science in Information Systems of Makerere UniversityThe study involved problem definition and begun by recognizing the problem of knowledge loss
in the pharmaceutical industry and its detrimental effects. It highlighted the importance of
knowledge retention and its significance as a corporate risk in modern organizations. It led to the
formulation of research questions that delved into the specifics of the problem, followed by the
establishment of clear objectives that guided the development of a comprehensive knowledge
retention framework. The objectives of the study were; to determine the requirements of a
framework of knowledge retention; to design a framework for knowledge retention and to evaluate
the knowledge retention framework. The chosen research approach encompassed a comprehensive
outline of the methods and techniques that were applied in conducting the study. It addressed
various facets, including the research philosophies of pragmatism and positivism, with a
predominant utilization of the inductive approach. The investigation adopted the Design Science
research methodology, a choice guided by its capacity to effectively address existing research gaps
that offered practical solutions. Employing a mixed-method research strategy that combined both
qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the study's focus extended to a target population of 50
individuals. The final sample size comprised 44 participants drawn from Quality Chemicals Ltd
(QCL) staff, administrators, retired employees, and subject matter experts. Purposive sampling
was deemed the most suitable method, given that the required information could solely be sourced
from these specific individuals. The study gave recommendations and concluded that its practical
implications are expected to positively impact organizational performance, innovation, and
competitive advantage within the pharmaceutical company