Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia
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Niełatwa archeologia klifów – przypadek stanowisk w Bagiczu
Full text linkThe following paper presents the problem of archaeological sites located on cliffs on the Southern Baltic Sea shore. This article discusses issues related to a necessity of solving the problem of this kind of research, related to methodological, as well as documentation and preservation standards based on preliminary results of the project conducted in Bagicz area (Ustronie Morskie commune). In this region four new structures were noted on a cliff surface. The key to understand the situation of archaeological sites located on a cliff areas is the knowledge of the processes related to their formation and activity. All of them have a huge impact for the state of preservation of the cliff, however they have various intensity level depending on the part of the Baltic Coast.The following paper presents the problem of archaeological sites located on cliffs on the Southern Baltic Sea shore. This article discusses issues related to a necessity of solving the problem of this kind of research, related to methodological, as well as documentation and preservation standards based on preliminary results of the project conducted in Bagicz area (Ustronie Morskie commune). In this region four new structures were noted on a cliff surface. The key to understand the situation of archaeological sites located on a cliff areas is the knowledge of the processes related to their formation and activity. All of them have a huge impact for the state of preservation of the cliff, however they have various intensity level depending on the part of the Baltic Coast
Na tropie szamanizmu w paleolicie – na przykładzie jaskiń Cougnac i Pech-Merle .
Full text linkThe author of this thesis searches for traces of shamanism in paleolithic period through identification of signs and anthropomorphic resemblances that can have a connection with different stages of trance and shamanistic visions. For this article, Pech-Merle and Cougnac cave were chosen. Chronological range in this paper covers a period when Gravettian and Magdalenian cultures functioned. In order to carry out the above assumptions, the author used the results of structuralist research- search- ing for deep meaning and symbols, neuropsychological research – influence of altered states of con- sciousness on human and role of rites in simple societies, ethnographic research- different types of shamanic vocation and visions of shamanistic cosmology as well as interpretation of paintings and engravings based on the above mentioned scientific instruments. In the conclusion, the author shows that magical and religious practices similar to shamanism could function in paleolithic hunter-gatherer societies.The author of this thesis searches for traces of shamanism in paleolithic period through identification of signs and anthropomorphic resemblances that can have a connection with different stages of trance and shamanistic visions. For this article, Pech-Merle and Cougnac cave were chosen. Chronological range in this paper covers a period when Gravettian and Magdalenian cultures functioned. In order to carry out the above assumptions, the author used the results of structuralist research- search- ing for deep meaning and symbols, neuropsychological research – influence of altered states of con- sciousness on human and role of rites in simple societies, ethnographic research- different types of shamanic vocation and visions of shamanistic cosmology as well as interpretation of paintings and engravings based on the above mentioned scientific instruments. In the conclusion, the author shows that magical and religious practices similar to shamanism could function in paleolithic hunter-gatherer societies
Program „nowej” estetyki wobec oczekiwań archeologów
Full text linkThe article is devoted to considerations regarding the idea of „new aesthetics” and its importance for archeology, especially prehistoric archeology. The current scientific reality as exceeding current paradigms and expanding research fields is diagnosed. This process also applies to the borders of art, which until recently seemed to be established, fixed and guaranteeing its clear separation from other spheres of life. The article shows aesthetics as noting this process and subject to change. This complicated current situation has created the idea of „new aesthetics”, entering new areas that previously did not belong to art or aesthetics. Similarly, the methods of analyzing these phenomena do not have a predetermined status. This gives new opportunities, especially when you notice the manifestations of universal aesthetics. They also relate to prehistoric archeology, giving it the opportunity to participate in the discourse proposed by „new aesthetics.”The article is devoted to considerations regarding the idea of „new aesthetics” and its importance for archeology, especially prehistoric archeology. The current scientific reality as exceeding current paradigms and expanding research fields is diagnosed. This process also applies to the borders of art, which until recently seemed to be established, fixed and guaranteeing its clear separation from other spheres of life. The article shows aesthetics as noting this process and subject to change. This complicated current situation has created the idea of „new aesthetics”, entering new areas that previously did not belong to art or aesthetics. Similarly, the methods of analyzing these phenomena do not have a predetermined status. This gives new opportunities, especially when you notice the manifestations of universal aesthetics. They also relate to prehistoric archeology, giving it the opportunity to participate in the discourse proposed by „new aesthetics.
Biografistyka jako archeologia ruin
Full text linkThe article is devoted to biographical writing, which by the methodologies of the 20th century was thrown out of the field of humanities research. It returns in the new century with cultural anthropology, gender studies and – above all – memory studies. However, it raises a lot of questions, including doubts about the representation (author of the biography) and witnesses of events. The author of the article compares the work of a biographer with the work of an archaeologist who verifies the sources and reconstructs the whole on the basis of the background and contexts of time and place. In the biographer’s work, however, he notices one more element: research subjectivity, which in a world filled with nostalgia, we are not able to negate or eliminate.The article is devoted to biographical writing, which by the methodologies of the 20th century was thrown out of the field of humanities research. It returns in the new century with cultural anthropology, gender studies and – above all – memory studies. However, it raises a lot of questions, including doubts about the representation (author of the biography) and witnesses of events. The author of the article compares the work of a biographer with the work of an archaeologist who verifies the sources and reconstructs the whole on the basis of the background and contexts of time and place. In the biographer’s work, however, he notices one more element: research subjectivity, which in a world filled with nostalgia, we are not able to negate or eliminate
Kreatywność za drutem kolczastym: archeologia i sztuka okopowa z pierwszowojennego obozu jenieckiego w Czersku (woj. pomorskie)
Full text linkThis article discusses the results of archaeological and anthropological research concerning material remains of a prisoner of war camp in Czersk (Pomeranian province, Poland) (Kriegsgefangenenlager Czersk). In the first part, I sketch a broader historical context related to building and functioning of the camp in forests around Czersk between 1914–1919. After that, the role and meaning of archaeological research on such type of archaeological sites are presented. In the third part, I focus on a very special category of the camp heritage which is called trench art. The last part of this paper is a case study where an assemblage of objects classified as trench art that was found at the camp is described and interpreted. This text aims at highlighting the value of such prisoners and camp’s heritage. Such material culture is a material memory of extraordinary prisoners’ creativity behind barbed wire. It makes one aware of how every piece of trash, rubbish was re-cycled during day-to-day life behind barbed wire.This article discusses the results of archaeological and anthropological research concerning material remains of a prisoner of war camp in Czersk (Pomeranian province, Poland) (Kriegsgefangenenlager Czersk). In the first part, I sketch a broader historical context related to building and functioning of the camp in forests around Czersk between 1914–1919. After that, the role and meaning of archaeological research on such type of archaeological sites are presented. In the third part, I focus on a very special category of the camp heritage which is called trench art. The last part of this paper is a case study where an assemblage of objects classified as trench art that was found at the camp is described and interpreted. This text aims at highlighting the value of such prisoners and camp’s heritage. Such material culture is a material memory of extraordinary prisoners’ creativity behind barbed wire. It makes one aware of how every piece of trash, rubbish was re-cycled during day-to-day life behind barbed wire
Muzeum-archiwum pamięci. Uwagi na temat roli materiałów archeologicznych w muzeach-miejscach pamięci na przykładzie KL Plaszow
Full text linkThe issues of memory, heritage, and archaeology are strictly connected to the archaeology of the contemporary past and the Nazi period. That connection is a new field of research that lead to the reconceptualization of ideas of a museum, archives, and their relations to memory. In the paper authors discuss the case study of the area of former labor and concentration camp Plaszow in Krakow (1942–1945). Since 2016, numerous archeological research and education programs were conducted by the Museum of Krakow. The main purpose of documentation, surface surveys, and excavations was preservation of the architectural relicts and landscape, and supplementing the historical knowledge of authentic archaeological sources. The results of the research were related to the preparation of the boundaries for the future commemoration of the former camp’s area and its history as a museum and memorial site. The outcome of the archaeological activity is collection of artifacts, documentation and archaeological knowledge that influenced the idea of commemoration in its specific way. The article attempts to answer the questions about the categories of archives and museums.The issues of memory, heritage, and archaeology are strictly connected to the archaeology of the contemporary past and the Nazi period. That connection is a new field of research that lead to the reconceptualization of ideas of a museum, archives, and their relations to memory. In the paper authors discuss the case study of the area of former labor and concentration camp Plaszow in Krakow (1942–1945). Since 2016, numerous archeological research and education programs were conducted by the Museum of Krakow. The main purpose of documentation, surface surveys, and excavations was preservation of the architectural relicts and landscape, and supplementing the historical knowledge of authentic archaeological sources. The results of the research were related to the preparation of the boundaries for the future commemoration of the former camp’s area and its history as a museum and memorial site. The outcome of the archaeological activity is collection of artifacts, documentation and archaeological knowledge that influenced the idea of commemoration in its specific way. The article attempts to answer the questions about the categories of archives and museums
Teoria systemów-światów Immanuela Wallersteina i jej recepcja w archeologii: część III – okres wpływów rzymskich
Full text linkImmanuel Wallerstein’s centre-periphery model lies at the root of many archaeological studies, particularly studies of romanisation. One of them has been an article written by Peter S. Wells, but we have also studies done by Richard Higley concerning Roman Britain, Susan Frankenstein and Michael Rowland concerning the social hierarchy in Roman Germany. Actually several archaeologists tried to study these topic according to the Wallerstein’s world-systems theory. We can observe that the application of the theory into archaeology has always very important heuristic value.Immanuel Wallerstein’s centre-periphery model lies at the root of many archaeological studies, particularly studies of romanisation. One of them has been an article written by Peter S. Wells, but we have also studies done by Richard Higley concerning Roman Britain, Susan Frankenstein and Michael Rowland concerning the social hierarchy in Roman Germany. Actually several archaeologists tried to study these topic according to the Wallerstein’s world-systems theory. We can observe that the application of the theory into archaeology has always very important heuristic value
Interpretacja stanowisk prahistorycznych Niaux i la Vache w Pirenejach jako „miejsc pamięci” i „krajobrazu pamięci”
Full text linkThis article is an attempt to interpret Niaux prehistoric sites (where rites and rock paintings were discovered) and La Vache (the place where the prehistoric people were camped) in the Pyrenees as “sites of memory” and “landscape of memory”. The article attempts to answer the question of whether cave positions that are the subject of the work can be interpreted and defined as “sites of memory” from a modern point of view, and whether the cave in Niaux could be a kind of “site of memory” for the prehistoric population. Additionally, whether the area within which these two caves are located can be considered as part of the “landscape of memory”.This article is an attempt to interpret Niaux prehistoric sites (where rites and rock paintings were discovered) and La Vache (the place where the prehistoric people were camped) in the Pyrenees as “sites of memory” and “landscape of memory”. The article attempts to answer the question of whether cave positions that are the subject of the work can be interpreted and defined as “sites of memory” from a modern point of view, and whether the cave in Niaux could be a kind of “site of memory” for the prehistoric population. Additionally, whether the area within which these two caves are located can be considered as part of the “landscape of memory”
Czy istnieją nowe możliwości zrozumienia składanek krzemiennych przy wykorzystaniu analizy czasowo-przestrzennej? Propozycja nowej metody
Full text linkRefitting of flint materials is in recent times a standard method of dealing with flint materials. Among the archaeologists, however, there is a feeling of insufficiency and disproportion between the time needed for conjoining the blocks and the scientific effects coming out of them. Above all, there is at present no method for comparing different effects with other conjoined blocks. Regardless it comes from one archaeological site or whether are from different ages or territorially distant from each other. The paper presents a proposition of a new method for the analysis of flint refittings. The idea of research is to determine the relationships between the various detached pieces. The results are presented in a graph which we can further analyze and compare with others. The process itself is similar to the simplification of functions invented by Newton and Gauss, which is why the name of the method: refitting calculus.Refitting of flint materials is in recent times a standard method of dealing with flint materials. Among the archaeologists, however, there is a feeling of insufficiency and disproportion between the time needed for conjoining the blocks and the scientific effects coming out of them. Above all, there is at present no method for comparing different effects with other conjoined blocks. Regardless it comes from one archaeological site or whether are from different ages or territorially distant from each other. The paper presents a proposition of a new method for the analysis of flint refittings. The idea of research is to determine the relationships between the various detached pieces. The results are presented in a graph which we can further analyze and compare with others. The process itself is similar to the simplification of functions invented by Newton and Gauss, which is why the name of the method: refitting calculus