Repository UNSAP (Universitas Sebelas April)
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The behavior of stochastic processes arising in window protocols
No full textWindow based network flow control protocols, such as TCP, modulate the number of unacknowledged packets the protocol is allowed to have outstanding. Such protocols change the window size when they receive positive or negative acknowledgments, where the latter kind may be inferred from timeouts. Together with a communications channel that loses packets at random, such a protocol induces a stochastic process on the window size. For a broad class of window based protocols, the induced stochastic process can be analyzed using the theory of semi-Markov processesLTH
Dust particle diagnostics in rf plasma deposition of silicon and silicon oxide films
No full textParticle contamination formed in reactive plasmas imposes an upper limit on the rate for particle-free deposition. Conversely, these plasmas could be exploited to produce nanometric clusters and particles for various applications. Infrared absorption spectroscopy has been applied to analyse the chemical composition of suspended particles. Mass spectrometry was also used to investigate cluster formation in these deposition plasmas. In pure silane plasmas, a random model reproduces the measured mass spectra, whereas the rich plasma chemistry in silane/oxygen mixtures shows a remarkable tendency to produce silasesquioxane anions.SP
Bid-auction framework for microsimulation of location choice with endogenous real estate prices
No full textTRANSP-O
European Astronomical Society prizes 2021
No full textThe European Astronomical Society awarded its most prestigious prizes during its annual meeting held from 28 June to 2 July 2021. In a way similar to last year, the meeting was entirely virtual.LASTR
A survey on the perceived need and value of decision-support tools for joint mitigation of air pollution and climate change in cities
No full textDecision-support tools are increasingly popular for informing policy decisions linked to environmental issues. For example, a number of decision-support tools on transport planning provide information on expected effects of different measures (actions, policies, or interventions) on air quality, often combined with information on noise pollution or mitigation costs. These tools range in complexity and scale of applicability, from city to international, and include one or several polluting sectors. However, evaluation of the need and utility of tools to support decisions on such linked issues is often lacking, especially for tools intended to support local authorities at the city scale. Here we assessed the need for and value of combining air pollution and climate change mitigation measures into one decision-support tool and the existing policy context in which such a tool might be used. We developed a prototype decision-support tool for evaluating measures for coordinated management of air quality and climate change; and administered a survey in which respondents used the prototype to answer questions about demand for such tools and requirements to make them useful. Additionally, the survey asked questions about participants’ awareness of linkages between air pollution and climate change that are crucial for considering synergies and trade-offs among mitigation measures. Participants showed a high understanding of the linkages between air pollution and climate change, especially recognizing that emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants come from the same source. Survey participants were: European, predominantly German; employed across a range of governmental, non-governmental and research organizations; and responsible for a diversity of issues, primarily involving climate change, air pollution or environment. Survey results showed a lack of awareness of decision-support tools and little implementation or regular use. However, respondents expressed a general need for such tools while also recognizing barriers to their implementation, such as limited legal support or lack of time, finances, or manpower. The main barrier identified through this study is the mismatch between detailed information needed from such tools to make them useful at the local implementation scale and the coarser scale information readily available for developing such tools. Significant research efforts at the local scale would be needed to populate decision-support tools with salient mitigation alternatives at the location of implementation. Although global- or regional-scale information can motivate local action towards sustainability, effective on-the-ground implementation of coordinated measures requires knowledge of local circumstances and impacts, calling for active engagement of the local research communities.EER
CRX-linked macular dystrophy with intrafamilial variable expressivity
No full textBackground: We present a macular dystrophy of differing severity in a single kindred caused by a heterozygous nonsense mutation in CRX.Case report: A 21 year old Caucasian male from a Swiss family was investigated for decreasing central visual acuity associated with dischromatopsia. Clinical examination revealed posterior pole atrophy, including the maculopapillary bundle. Multimodal imaging, including autofluorescence, showed a hyperautofluorescent paramacular ring in both eyes. Genetic analysis identified a c.313C > T, p.Q105* nonsense mutation in CRX. The same mutation was identified in his father and uncle. Both of them showed signs of the disease, however with different severity.Conclusion: We describe an intrafamilial variable expressivity of a CRX mutation causing an isolated macular dystrophy.S
NREM sleep stages specifically alter dynamical integration of large-scale brain networks
No full textFunctional dissociations in the brain observed during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep have been associated with reduced information integration and impaired consciousness that accompany increasing sleep depth. Here, we explored the dynamical properties of large-scale functional brain networks derived from transient brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Spatial brain maps generally display significant modifications in terms of their tendency to occur across wakefulness and NREM sleep. Unexpectedly, almost all networks predominated in activity during NREM stage 2 before an abrupt loss of activity is observed in NREM stage 3. Yet, functional connectivity and mutual dependencies between these networks progressively broke down with increasing sleep depth. Thus, the efficiency of information transfer during NREM stage 2 is low despite the high attempt to communicate. Critically, our approach provides relevant data for evaluating functional brain network integrity and our findings robustly support a significant advance in our neural models of human sleep and consciousness.MIPLA
