Repository UNSAP (Universitas Sebelas April)
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The Quality of the Way to School lies in the Design Details
No full textSchool routes are paths where children learn, gain independence, forge their identity and interact with other beings – be they human or non-human. Many aspects that determine this journey are of social and cultural nature. But the spatial shaping of the way to school can also prove very significant. When it comes to the formalisation of school routes in urban environments, attention is generally focused on guaranteeing children’s safety from traffic, at a planning level. This chapter argues that many design aspects also need to be considered to contribute to making this journey not only safe but also enriching and playful. Should the school journey be considered as ‘a third place’ (Oldenburg 1989/1999), it needs to be carefully conceived in its smallest details. Through decisions regarding metrics, spatial divisions, paving, vegetation, lighting features, urban furniture, building entrances and ground floors, private property edges, city spatial designers – mainly architects, landscape architects and urban designers – can have a radical impact on the way children, and people in general, might experience these routes. Whether conscious or unconscious, every design decision will have a direct effect on future appropriation, by supporting (or impeding) some activities. Rather than promoting specific solutions, design toolkits or absolute answers, this chapter is an invitation for practitioners to question their design decisions, through the lens of child friendliness and more specifically along the concept of ‘learning on the way’. Admittedly, it is rather explorative than assertive.LASU
Leman-Baikal: Remote sensing of lakes using an ultralight plane
No full textThe Leman-Baikal project constitutes an international Swiss-Russian collaborative research initiative in the field of physical limnology. The three-year framework involves the development and deployment of a novel multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing platform optimised for the sensing of land and water surfaces from an ultralight aircraft. In this paper we discuss the developed remote sensing methodology and the initial obtained results.APHYSTOP
Deriving physical connectivity from neuronal morphology
No full textA model is presented that allows prediction of the probability for the formation of appositions between the axons and dendrites of any two neurons based only on their morphological statistics and relative separation. Statistics of axonal and dendritic morphologies of single neurons are obtained from 3D reconstructions of biocytin-filled cells, and a statistical representation of the same cell type is obtained by averaging across neurons according to the model. A simple mathematical formulation is applied to the axonal and dendritic statistical representations to yield the probability for close appositions. The model is validated by a mathematical proof and by comparison of predicted appositions made by layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the rat somatosensory cortex with real anatomical data. The model could be useful for studying microcircuit connectivity and for designing artificial neural networks.LNMCDepartment of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
A MEMS tunable phase monitor with integrated photodiode read-out for silicon photonic circuits
No full textElectrostatic MEMS provide low power consumption to programmable photonics. However, the scaling of programmable photonics also requires solutions for circuit monitoring. We demonstrate a MEMS tunable phase monitor with integrated read-out on a foundry platform.CMI-G
Experimental method based on wavelength-modulation spectroscopy for the characterization of semiconductor lasers under direct modulation
No full textAn experimental method is presented for characterization of the combined intensity and frequency modulation produced when the injection current of a laser diode is modulated. The reported technique is based on the analysis of the harmonic signals produced when a modulated laser is used to probe a gas absorption line by the so-called wavelength-modulation spectroscopy method. Based on a theoretical model of this technique, we present two methods that facilitate the determination of (i) the deviation in laser frequency and (ii) the phase shift between intensity and frequency modulation. These methods are illustrated experimentally by measurement of the modulation parameters of a 2-μm distributed-feedback laser by use of a CO2 absorption line. The experimental results have been compared with those obtained with another traditional method and have shown full agreement in the frequency range (400 Hz-30 kHz) consideredTHEVESCI-STI-LTLab. of Nanophotonics & Metrol., Ecole Polytech. Fed. de Lausanne, Switzerland Copyright 2004, IEE 8162364 0003-6935 wavelength-modulation spectroscopy semiconductor lasers intensity modulation frequency modulation injection current modulation harmonic signals distributed-feedback laser CO2 absorption line 2 mum 400 Hz to 30 kHz CO
Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Angiography of the Mouse
No full textPurpose: To implement and characterize a fluorine-19 (F-19) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique and to test the hypothesis that the F-19 MRI signal in steady state after intravenous injection of a perfluoro-15-crown-5 ether (PCE) emulsion may be exploited for angiography in a pre-clinical in vivo animal study. Materials and Methods: In vitro at 9.4T, the detection limit of the PCE emulsion at a scan time of 10 min/slice was determined, after which the T-1 and T-2 of PCE in venous blood were measured. Permission from the local animal use committee was obtained for all animal experiments. 12 mu l/g of PCE emulsion was intravenously injected in 11 mice. Gradient echo H-1 and F-19 images were obtained at identical anatomical levels. Signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) ratios were determined for 33 vessels in both the F-19 and H-1 images, which was followed by vessel tracking to determine the vessel conspicuity for both modalities. Results: In vitro, the detection limit was similar to 400 mu M, while the F-19 T-1 and T-2 were 1350 +/- 40 and 25 +/- 2 ms. The F-19 MR angiograms selectively visualized the vasculature ( and the liver parenchyma over time) while precisely coregistering with the H-1 images. Due to the lower SNR of F-19 compared to H-1 (17 +/- 8 vs. 83 +/- 49, p<0.001), the F-19 CNR was also lower at 15 +/- 8 vs. 52 +/- 35 (p<0.001). Vessel tracking demonstrated a significantly higher vessel sharpness in the F-19 images (66 +/- 11 vs. 56 +/- 12, p=0.002). Conclusion: F-19 magnetic resonance angiography of intravenously administered perfluorocarbon emulsions is feasible for a selective and exclusive visualization of the vasculature in vivo.LIFMETCIB
