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Co-creation a way of supporting development of neighbourhoodlevel transport innovations
Get PDFPlanning for Transition – book of proceedings 31; 2Co-creation is a much discussed concept in the fields of urban planning, architecture, urban design and many more. In the HORIZON 2020 project SUNRISE, co-creation is the key concept to develop, implement, assess and facilitate learning about new ways to address common mobility challenges at the neighbourhood level. Towards this aim, six SUNRISE cities (Bremen, Budapest, Jerusalem, Malmö, Southend on Sea, Thessaloniki) foster co-creation processes with the explicit mandate to implement innovative solutions for and with their residents, and other stakeholders. The SUNRISE action neighbourhoods combine a blend of proven online and face-to-face co-creation methods, tools and techniques to bring together citizens, policy-makers and other stakeholders to learn from each other and to address urban challenges in neighbourhoods in transitions. This contribution gives an overview of various methods for coidentification and co-development of sustainable mobility solutions at the neighbourhood level, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of online and offline tools.
Keywords: co-creation; participation; mobility solutions; online and offline participation methodspublishedVersio
Elderly pedestrians, aged >65 years, during wintertime -attitudes towards walking outdoors, safety equipment and experiences of falls. a comparison with healthy adults. Glenn Berggård
No full textPedestrians slipping and falling is a major safety problem in countries with long winters such as Sweden. According to the Swedish questionnaire-based National Traffic Safety Survey, selfreported accidents involving pedestrians without involvement of any vehicle (single-pedestrian accidents) accounted for roughly half, (1 141 962) of the total number of all road transport single accidents (2 335 017) in 1998-2000. This survey covered 23 030 people aged 1-84. Fall accidents during wintertime accounts for a large portion of all single-pedestrian accidents. An intervention study was performed from February to April among 67 healthy adults, aged 27-67, in northern Sweden, examined the obstacles for walking outdoor during wintertime, attitudes towards safety equipment, their previous experiences of outdoor falls during wintertime and the effect of using antislip devices on daily walking journeys and their prevention of slip and fall accidents. A intervention study has been made among elderly people, aged more than 75 years, also in northern Sweden. A questionnaire has been distributed to record their background, health status, attitudes towards different conditions to reduce outdoor walking and their usage of safety equipment. A daily travel dairy was distributed during February to April 2009 to record daily walking and experiences of slipping and falling. The results from comparisons of attitudes and previously experiences of outdoor falls among the elderly persons is compared with the results from the pilot study among healthy adults.publishedVersio
Assessing territorial vulnerabilities and spatial inequalities: the case of Portugal
No full textThe economic crisis of the past decade has exacerbated existing vulnerability problems in Europe, particularly in the southern countries. These relate to unemployment, poverty, housing conditions, access to basic services or insecurity issues, among others, and have affected particular groups as migrant or the elderly. Although the increase in quality of life is a transversal goal to cohesion and urban policies, the effects of vulnerability have only recently begun to be documented in scientific research. Generally, comparative vulnerabilities’ assessments are based on limited (often economic) indicators or, if they are more comprehensive, on a limited territorial scale. Thus, they don’t perform holistic analysis at national scale, nor comprehensive regional/municipal comparisons. Consequently, this paper presents a multivariate diagnosis of vulnerabilities at national scale, considering an array of indicators of quality of life in various domains as housing, health, accessibility, education, security or employment. Each indicator was geo-referenced and represented at municipal level, leading to the creation of indexes of vulnerability for each theme. An overall index of vulnerability combining all parcels was then composed through advanced statistical analyses’ techniques. More than displaying territorial differences, this approach allows discussing different geographical realities within Portugal, and provide outputs for supporting planning policies concerning integration, social cohesion, urban equity, and the development of urban systems
Umbrellas, Incubators, Mothers and Killers: Four typologies of relationship between cultural mega-events and small and micro events in Heritage-rich European cities
No full textThis paper explores the relationship and impact between cultural mega-events and the subsequent production of other small and micro events held within heritage spaces. As with other types of mega-events, cities often turn to cultural mega-events for their perceived positive externalities and with a desired legacy that leaves a long-term impact on the city. These events generally build up and establish a strong reputation for associated network of actors that, in most cases, keep promoting smaller-scale events in subsequent years. In other cases, larger events crowd out small ones. Yet how do these cultural mega-events and all of their ‘infrastructure’ relate to and impact newly created or existing local smaller events? Additionally, what are the key impacts of continuous festivalization of heritage spaces in cities? This paper presents and analyzes four found typologies of this interaction between megaevents and small localized existing or newly created events: “Umbrellas,” “Incubators,” “Mothers” and “Killers.” We will consider in depth the European Capital of Culture program – since it has become an important cultural policy implemented across Europe for more than 30 years. “Umbrella” events encompass and include many pre-existing smaller events within the cultural mega-event. “Incubator” events also utilize pre-existing micro events, but come to enhance and grow them through the increased cultural capital, means and knowledge the mega-event brings. “Mother” events lead to the creation of new small and micro events in the city that did not previously exist, while “Killer” events have a negative impact on previously existing small and micro events. Finally, the paper theorizes on the mechanisms responsible for these typologies and their significance for urban heritage
Metropolitan Governance in Mexico: The Institutions
No full textMetropolitan Areas in Mexico are the result of the process that has led world population in general and of Mexico in particular to settle in urban areas. However, citizen participation in metro planning processes has been uneven through time, particularly for vulnerable groups. Therefore, this article analyses the relationships between local governments and the actors of civil organized society using as categories for the analysis, modes of governance considering: key decision makers, public-private relationships, and the key instruments that govern the processes of planning the metropolis. A three-step analysis is conducted: 1) Descriptions of context and background; 2) Revisions of adopted laws; and 3) Participation of organized groups of society in the decision-making process for metropolitan planning. This "chain of evidence” is used to explain two case studies in a narrative sequence: Guadalajara and Monterrey metropolitan areas. The research structure also allows characterizing some common stages of planning processes in both cities ranging from State Governments led planning, to the appearance of the federal Government in urban planning arena, to the fragmented planning by municipal governments of the metropolitan areas, to the emergence of coordination and municipal association, to the reappearance of the federal government in the metropolitan planning arena
Enhancing cities’ resilience in the face of multiple challenges: on-going experiences in Italian and Greek cities
No full textNowadays cities are widely considered as main actors in the challenge against climate change, since they act both as generators of climate-related hazards and as vulnerable targets to their impacts. Although the issue of climate change has been for long addressed on a global scale, the key role of cities, required to translate global objectives and strategies into tailored to the site actions, is nowadays widely acknowledged. However, climate urban strategies are often largely pushed by international initiatives. This contribution focuses in particular on the 100 Resilient Cities Initiative, launched by the Rockefeller Foundation and addressed to financially support cities all over the world in developing and implementing strategies capable to increase urban resilience in order to better cope with multiple shocks and stress factors, including climate change. In detail, the contribution provides a comparative analysis of 2 selected case studies, Rome and Athens, focusing on their resilience profile, their goals and objectives, the governance of the resilience building processes (actors involved, engagement of local communities, etc.), the set of the proposed actions, highlighting strengths and weaknesses of the whole process as well as the relevance assigned to climate issues and the potential impacts of climate-related actions on cities’ resilience
Community-based data for a new taxonomy of abandoned places
Get PDFAbandoned places are common "everyday" landscape elements whose characteristics are not always adequately known. It is necessary to activate innovative knowledge-making tools to understand the complexity of these places in order to fill the lack of information concerning their characteristics and the relationship between their fragility and the repercussions on physical space. Open data represent a great opportunity to produce new knowledge both for the preservation of a vulnerable heritage and to support urban regeneration processes. Through open-data participatory mapping actions, the community knowledge can easily emerge in a structured way. Official digital sources are often unable to adapt and upgrade processes of place knowledge making. For this reason, a set of digital infrastructural facilities must be conceived and implemented, adopting the most advanced information technologies, in order to produce open-source, interoperable and interactive Dataset. The digital infrastructure requires a wide variety of heterogeneous data sets, collected and managed to remain open both for endless sharing and for technical verification actions. Open street map is an emblematic example of a re-adaptable tool for mapping abandoned places: the modular depth of its geodatabase allows it to be customized with great ease. Using this tool, the information is made accessible to a large community to be used and shared
EU urban strategies 2014-2020: exploring the functional area approach
Get PDFThere is a vast literature that has investigated processes of spatial reconfiguration, contributing to the emerging of a "new urban question" that not only reframes traditional urban issues but also challenges our understanding of what are cities todays. At the same time, the "European city model" still persists, particularly regarding the institutional role of cities, increasingly considered as relevant policy actors. This "urban paradox" gives new emphasis on the urban regional scale and urgently calls for connecting the two dimensions, both in terms of dynamics on the ground and policy formulation. The paper addresses the topic by focusing on the functional area approach promoted by the EU Regional Policy discourse discussing how it shapes and legitimates new spatial configurations, with implications for urban analysis and policy approaches. The paper is based on the analysis of a database gathering nearly 1000 strategies for Sustainable Urban Development funded by EU in 2014-2020, with a significant number of functional areas. Interestingly, functional areas as a strategic approach do not only apply to metropolitan areas, big cities and FUAs. On the contrary, it has been used for different type of territories, beyond metropolitan areas, and suggests the need for better understanding what kind of spatialities and territorial arrangements they contribute to shape
The Serious Game: a learning tool to enhance the communities in the context of sustainable cities
Get PDFIn smart communities, people need and user's awareness is key issues. Recent literature contains several social elements in the urban planning field and recognizes the fundamental role fulfilled by human factors. Users are the focus in delivering new urban services and in achieving sustainability in the longer terms, they are observed as key actors to attain real sustainability. Nowadays, this goal seems closer thanks to new interactive technologies that allow applying innovative learning methods as well as social research methods. Among the learning tools, the Serious Games (SGs) represent a very promising medium to be adopted in this context. They have multiple learning objectives and can be applied in many areas for all targets of people. One of the most important features of the SGs is to make interesting and entertaining issues improving the knowledge of users’ actions and teaching SGs could represent a strategic hub to promote educational programs and involve the adoption of new lifestyles based on the idea of energy saving. The main challenge is to understand the several possibilities and application fields where this tool can be applied, discovering its countless potentiality. In this contribution the characteristics of SGs are analyzed, their application fields, their benefits, and rescues descending by their use are synthetically presented and discussed