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Alberto Sartoris: transitions to a possible urban utopia (1922-1989)
Get PDFThe events related to the development of urban agglomerations started by Alberto Sartoris in 1922 highlight his uncommon attention to the themes of a transition to a possible utopia, whose structure is constituted by collective solidarity and rational subdivision, aimed at a rigorous use of strict design principles that aim to concentrate the population in specific parts of the city, such as in large buildings or neighborhoods duly sized, in the normalization of housing and traffic regulations. This approach to urban planning is evident observing the first so-called “urban compositions” conceived by Sartoris, such as the project for the Stadium or the University City of Turin, the project for the Satellite city of Rebbio in 1939, with Giuseppe Terragni, reaching the most recent urban plans of Punta Aspera in Varazze and Mont-Fleuri in Montreux in 1963, or the project for a “bridge city” in Barcelona in 1989, within which the unmistakable metaphysical matrix of rationalism is clearly recognizable. The aim of the proposal is to explore the challenges faced by Sartoris in the debate of the 1930s related to the development new urban scenarios and the exact role of the creative and humanist architect in the face of the interpretative change of that time.publishedVersio
In-between dynamics : Towards a reconceptualization of soft spaces in regional planning
Get PDFCollaboration across organizations is generally seen as a prerequisite for dealing with complex regional problems. This has led to a proliferation of new, informal and improvisational collaborative approaches, next to the more classical, formally institutionalized realities. From a geographic perspective the emergence of these different types of approaches has been captured in terms of ‘soft spaces’ and ‘hard spaces’ of regional planning. Despite the proliferation, soft space scholars observe a limited impact of these approaches. Drawing on a case study on urban regeneration strategies in the Dutch Randstad conurbation, we suggest that the limitation is caused by dynamics in the interaction with other spaces. In this paper we argue that, considered from a dynamic perspective, the emergence of soft spaces next to hard spaces, invokes an in-between space which is not geographic, but rather performative. We coin the term ‘in-betweening’ as the activity to switch and bridge between multiple harder and softer spaces by focusing on what regional planners ‘actually do’ when they are confronted with an accumulation of spaces. We argue that combining softer and harder spaces increase the problem-solving potential, that tensions between different spaces are structural and vital and that practitioners acting ‘in-between’ are crucial to deal with these tensions
Short Review of “Mapping the Landscape of Behavioural Theories: Systematic Literature Review”
Get PDFThe “behavioural” approach is receiving increasing attention in many disciplines, however, there is yet limited understanding of the available theories and how they can be applied. Through a cross-disciplinary literature review, this paper identifies 62 behavioural theories from 963 publications and classifies them into four groups: (1) those that explain the factors that affect behaviour such as the theory of planned behaviour and prospect theory, (2) those that focus on behaviour change strategies such as nudge theory, (3) those about learning and conditioning such as reinforcement learning theory, and (4) those that focus on the modelling such as neural networks theory and game theory. Based on the review, the paper discusses the lack of understanding of terms, classification, guidance on the use of appropriate theories, inclusion in data-driven research and modelling, and dialogue between theory-driven and data-driven approaches. Furthermore, it emphasizes the role of behavioural theories in bridging the divide between the traditional theorybased, aggregate, quantitative and equation-based approaches and the new data-based, disaggregate, qualitative and language-based approaches such as agent-based modelling. This conference paper is a shortened version of: Kwon, H.R. and Silva, E.A. (2019) Mapping the Landscape of Behavioural heories: Systematic Literature Review, Journal of Planning Literatur
Emerging New Model of Urban Residential Historical Built-up Area Renewal in China：Five Practice of Urban Renewal in Shenzhen,Guangzhou and Shanghai
Get PDFChina's urban development need to seek a new path, with the putting forward of inventory planning and the deepening understanding of heritage. In this context, a number of cities begin to explore new models of urban development based on the requirements of heritage protection and the demand of old district transformation. The problem is, are these new models balanced, harmonized and sustainable？ Shenzhen,Guangzhou and Shanghai are all in the transition after the rapid urban development. "Urban village" in Shenzhen is a kind of old residential area derive from village bypassed by urbanization due to high cost. "The historic and cultural blocks" in Guangzhou face the dilemma stem from the original demolition model. "Lilong house block" shaped up in modernization as a type of grouped residential buildings in Shanghai, facing the high-intensity use. These three kinds of residential historical built-up areas are in urgent need of a new round of urban renewal. Based on this background, Shuiwei village and Yutian village in Shenzhen, Yongqing Lane in Guangzhou, Chunyangli and Chengxingli in Shanghai, these five historic residential built-up areas renewal project , with the goal of heritage protection, livelihood improvement and urban development, take the new models with multi-subject participation, urban space restoration, construction retention, and new functions placement. However, its occurrence mechanism, participants, and results are different due to its own characteristics and local urban renewal laws. This paper analyzes the advantages and limitations of these five models by comparing the background, the characteristics of the objects, the target positioning, the mechanism of occurrence, the operation mode, the results and follow-up works. Then study its rationality and adaptability, hope to provide a basis for the exploration of the future renewal mode of better residential historical blocks
Imaginaries of a ‘Europe of the regions’
Get PDFTransactions of the Association of European Schools of Planning; Volume 3 / Issue 2 / December 2019; page 85-92“I have not come here this evening to talk to you about a utopia; no, I am here to talk to you about an adventure ...: the federating of Europe.”
These are the words of Denis de Rougemont (1948, p.1), the Swiss philosopher and scholar, given at a talk on 22nd of April 1948 at the Sorbonne, Paris. He was advocating for the cultural, historical regions to become the sub-European political units instead of nation states. I start this essay with his statement not because I necessarily agree with his views, but because he is the person who coined the term ‘Europe of the regions’ in his book The idea of Europe, which appeared in English in 1966 (de Rougemont, 1966). Donald Tusk (2016), former President of the European Union (EU), called him “a philosopher of regionalism” and “a pioneer of the EU moto of ‘unity in diversity’”. I also started this essay with de Rougemont because of his take on what constitutes Europe. In his book, he traces the history of the idea from the Greek myth of the abduction of Europa by Zeus to the 18th and 19th century federalist ideas of Napoleon and the 1960s European Community, and concludes that the search for Europe is to build Europe; that, Europe is only to be found in the process of creating it (de Rougemont, 1966). This relational perspective somewhat resonates with what I am going to discuss about ‘the region’ and a ‘Europe of the regions’
Bringing waste to the foreground of cities. Towards sustainable transition management in the urban region of Naples (Italy)
Get PDFCircular economy suggests new visions of how the urban space should be lived and managed. These visions depend on metaphors such as urban metabolism, that implies a completely rethinking of the governance model. Achieving such a transition will demand deep changes in dominant practices and ways of thinking, which will in turn call for new knowledge on the part of ordinary people and different responsibilities on the part of institutions. In this perspective, while the production of waste is being reduced through innovative practices, former industrial, rural or infrastructural areas are more difficult to include in a closed loop production cycle. Such wastelands, often merging into wastescapes, need to be completely re-imaged as a precondition for their sustainable transition. Assuming the metaphor of urban metabolism as a device to address the transition, turning the definition of “neglected area” into “wasteland” becomes a tactic for generating alternative policies and practices in urban regions. In exploring how the transition is affecting social actors, decision models, formal and informal practices in the urban region of Naples, the paper focuses on how turning wastelands into resources has the double potential of rehabilitating urban spaces and challenging the governance model in use.publishedVersio
Master Programme in Urban, Regional and Environmental Planning (Department of Architecture University of Palermo)
Get PDFUniversity of Palermo
38.11764569364875, 13.370073611262614
https://ror.org/04fz79c74The Master Programme in Urban, Regional and Environmental Planning delivered at the University of
Palermo brings together the following aspects of quality in planning education:
— Academic curriculum:
• A comprehensive study programme in spatial planning that encompasses the urban,
regional and environmental dimensions of planning education.
• A high1level academic environment within the Department of Architecture allowing
graduates to pursue careers in either practice or academia.
— Teaching pedagogy:
• A well1integrated planning programme with a strong interconnection between theoretical courses and planning studios.
• An assortment of pedagogical approaches combining traditional teaching methods with interactive and cooperative learning, including project simulation, peer1learning, participatory practices involving local communities, and internships.
— Elements of distinctiveness:
• A unique spatial planning programme in Southern Italy, with a high degree of internationalisation.
• A professionally1recognised planning programme allowing graduates to enrol to the Italian
Association of Architects, Planners, Landscape Architects and Conservators after passing a state exam.
• A distinctive focus in policy1making and management supplemented by urban design skills
Observing governance from the ‘street level’ An investigation on First Access services in Bologna, Emilia Romagna, Italy
Get PDFThis contribution aims at addressing how institutional changes might affect the spatial configurations of services in cities. Grounding on the territorial and multilevel features of governance in urban planning and social policy fields, the analysis focuses on the provision of specific services in a selected Italian context. Starting from the assumption that space is a product of policy decisions and instruments, the paper would consider three spatial dimensions of social assistance services: the localization (where services are located in the city), the container (in which building they are located and which functions are coexisting), the content (how spaces influence the services provision). Underrepresented in the academic debate, poorly financed among the social protection measures, rarely considered from a spatial perspective, social assistance services will be analysed for their fundamental role in local welfare provision. In particular, the contribution will focus on first access services, representative of the street-level meeting between citizens and welfare policies. Starting from an empirical research led in the Social Counters (i.e. Sportelli Sociali) of the city of Bologna - Emilia Romagna, the paper will furtherly address space-related issues of social services provision, that might reshape the contact between citizens and institutions and reorient policy decisions
An investigation into the influence of land-use, social networks and information and communication technologies on destination choice for social activities
Get PDFTransactions of the Association of European Schools of Planning; Volume 3 / Issue 2 / December 2019; page 112-125Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) enable individuals to travel more flexibly. The choice of location for social activities has become very flexible. In addition to this, land-use characteristics also play a vital role in the location of social activities. This work aims to analyse the influence of land-use characteristics, ICT use, and social networks in the destination choices for face-to-face social activities of university students during both weekdays and weekends. Students from the two different campuses of the Instituto Superior Técnico were presented with an online questionnaire, which was intended to collect information about their use of ICT and social networks, in addition to their travel characteristics and socio-demographics. Emphasis was made upon capturing the characteristics of social networks and ICT usage. Information on land-use characteristics was obtained from secondary sources. Factor analysis was initially carried out to extract factors related to the use of ICT and social networks; these were later used to model the destination choice for social activities. The alternatives considered for destination choice included: home or the vicinity thereof, university or the vicinity thereof, other locations (further away from home and university), and evenly spread locations – having no specific priority for any of the other three locations considered. The analysis was performed separately for travel during weekdays and weekends so that an understanding of the differences and similarities in behaviour during these different time periods could be garnered. A multinomial logit model was estimated to model this choice. The results point to the relevance of land-use characteristics, the location of close friends, and modes of interaction. Individuals residing in more accessible central, and denser areas, were more likely to have activities distributed evenly across the city. These results stress the relevance of accessibility in allowing larger and more diverse spaces to be used for social activities
Study on countermeasures and spatial potential of China's coastal cities in response to heatwave and flood hazards
No full textGlobal warming has caused frequent occurrences of various extreme events. Coastal cities are facing a series of severe flood hazards led especially by rising of sea level and threats caused by severe heat island effects and extreme heat weaves. This article first summarizes the shortage of planning actions in coping with extreme climate of flood and extreme heat weave hazards faced by coastal cities in China. Then sorting out international experience of technologies and policies in mitigating and adapting to flood and heatwave hazards, and focuses on the main problems solved by applied technologies and the indicators involved (including time, costs, etc.). Through the identification of quantitative techniques, the spatial potential of the two major types of extreme climate disasters in downtown Shanghai and the priority application of mitigation and adaptation technologies are identified. Finally, from the technical and policy aspects, suggestions for mitigating and adapting to two types of extreme climate disasters in Shanghai's central urban areas are proposed