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How Urban Morphology Affects Wind-Heat Environment: An Example in Beijing from Ancient Cities to Modern Cities
No full textGame changer? Planning for just and sustainable urban regions, Paris, 8-12th July 2024The urban wind-heat environment is a critical component affecting residents' health. This research investigates the impact of urban morphology on the heat and wind environment, focusing on three distinct residential blocks in Beijing's Nanluoguxiang Historic District. The three neighborhoods represent ancient, modern, and a mix of historical and modern urban forms. The ENVI-met was utilized to simulate wind speeds and temperatures for ancient times (1880) and modern times (2023). The results reveal that traditional urban forms with compact buildings and courtyards create more moderate wind and heat conditions. Modern urban forms with high-rise buildings and open spaces result in higher wind speeds and temperatures. The findings highlight the importance of preserving traditional urban layouts for comfortable microclimates.
Keywords: Urban microclimate, Urban design, Historic district, Numerical simulation, Chinapublished versio
The public space between land and sea. Quarteira's case
Full text linkGame changer? Planning for just and sustainable urban regions, Paris, 8-12th July 2024In the Portuguese coastal city of Quarteira, a case study of the research, the seafront is composed by two fixed linear infrastructure systems - the seashore streets and a dune park, Passeio das Dunas - succeed each other, separated by the port area. Methodologically, drawing as a qualitative tool allowed us to decompose the layers that compose the public space, thereby enabling us to represent the formal characteristics and thus highlight the material and immaterial characteristics of the place. Aim of the research is to describe the compositional grid of Quarteira urban public space, its formation and transformation process over time, as well as to debate the recent missed opportunities for effective adaptation to the effects of extreme weather events. In conclusion, we consider that a critical theoretical reflection on the spatial planning and design of public space in coastal cities permits the definition of operative compositional parameters - which make it possible to overcome project theories that, in the face of the effects of climate change, have become obsolete.
Keywords: Public Space, Seashore Street, Passeio das Dunas, Quarteira, Portugalpublished versio
Multi-Planning Integration: Construction and Progress of China's National Territory Spatial Planning System
Full text linkGame changer? Planning for just and sustainable urban regions, Paris, 8-12th July 2024Spatial planning entails the adept control and scientific management of national territorial space a task crucial for achieving a balance between development and conservation. In 2019, China initiated a spatial planning framework. This reform stands as a milestone, showcasing significant innovation in planning concepts, technical methodologies, and management systems in China over recent decades. This paper first reviews the pre-reform landscape, including the diverse planning types, prevalent issues, and experimental endeavors. Subsequently, it delineates the principal measures undertaken in China's national territorial spatial planning, encompassing aspects such as institutional management, systematic composition, compilation content, and technical methods. Lastly, it discusses the consequential shifts in objectives and goals within the realm of national territorial spatial planning objects and goals. China's spatial planning reform offers valuable insights for nations and regions grappling with the challenges of global climate change and aspiring for sustainable development.
Keywords: Spatial planning; National territory spatial planning; Planning reform; Chinapublished versio
Deal-making cities in Latin America : Why we should pay less attention to master plans
No full textTransactions of the Association of European Schools of Planning; Vol. 8, No. 1 (2024)This paper challenges traditional planning paradigms by examining the tensions that exist between planning as a public process and the plan as an instrument. We explore the concept of conformorality, whereby individuals adhere to specific moral values to gain social acceptance within their groups, and influence urban conflicts and policy outcomes. Through this framework, we analyse the complex interactions that exist between planning, public interest, and moral considerations. By using the Urban Intervention Projects (UIPs) case in São Paulo, we demonstrate how moral factors influence negotiations and policy implementation in urban governance. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the moral dimension within planning studies, and advocates for interdisciplinary approaches to the field, as well as new attitudes toward necessary changes.publishedVersio
Nature is (not) democratic Notes for a community-based approach to natural resources
No full textGame changer? Planning for just and sustainable urban regions, Paris, 8-12th July 2024The paper demonstrates how different understanding of what nature is and what socio-natural assemblages it forms can lead to strikingly contrasting environmental strategies and planning approaches, and argues for a reframing of nature and natural resources governance in the context of planning practices if a truly earthcaring model is to be achieved. Considerations and reflections developed on the current mainstream environmental policies and their understanding of nature, as well as on alternative framings of nature and politics of nature, aim at outlining a frame of reference for the co-management of nature in the perspective of the urban bioregion approach, by defining the conceptual basis and identifying research and practice gaps.
Keywords: natural resources, politics, local communities, urban bioregionpublished versio
Study on the Comparison of Development Efficiency between Inner and Outer Urban Circles and the Balanced Development Strategy of Marginal Areas : Analysis based on the county scale of Chongqing
No full textGame changer? Planning for just and sustainable urban regions, Paris, 8-12th July 2024The article takes 38 counties in Chongqing as the research object, conducts social and economic development data statistics and spatial analysis, and divides them into the core, inner circle and outer circle counties based on the theory of 'core-periphery' and the circle structure characteristics of municipal areas. The data envelopment analysis (DEA), exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models are introduced to conduct a comparative analysis of the characteristics of the spatial patterns and factors affecting the development efficiency of the inner and outer circle counties in the municipal area, and to explore the differences in the development of the inner and outer circle counties, as well as the main development problems and strategies.
Keywords: urban circles; development disparities; peripheral areas; balanced development; ESDApublished versio
Planning beyond growth: a case study of wellbeing-oriented planning in Wales and Cornwall
Full text linkGame changer? Planning for just and sustainable urban regions, Paris, 8-12th July 2024This study explores two post-growth initiatives, the doughnut economics in Cornwall and the wellbeing economy in Wales, by the means of a qualitative content analysis of documents related to land-use and transport planning. The study shows that there are traces of post-growth ideas in strategic documents and plans, as well as indications that these ideas also are forming concrete policies, although some documents are still clearly growth oriented. To analyse the implications of post-growth ideas in planning practice and culture, a deeper empirical analysis is needed.
Keywords: Post-growth; case studies; wellbeing; doughnut economics; planningpublished versio
The role of urban planning in perceived accessibility to public transport
Full text linkGame changer? Planning for just and sustainable urban regions, Paris, 8-12th July 2024The integration of urban and transport planning is strongly supported in the literature, and the transit stop is an element common to both fields. Stops provide accessibility, which can be measured objectively (section 1) or evaluated from the user's perspective (section 2). This paper reads the topic by exploring the factors that influence perceived accessibility in the literature (section 3), with particular attention to the elements included in the domain of urban planning, like places of residence and urban design (section 4). Results (section 5) show some inconsistencies about the role of spatial factors in shaping accessibility perceptions, as well as a lack of relevance of the issue of transit stops. Therefore, some new approaches are suggested to fill the gaps in future research.
Keywords: Urban planning, transport planning, perceived accessibility, public transport, transit stoppublished versio
Tiers Lieux And Wijkhubs: infrastructures for a "Situated Democracy" ?
Full text linkGame changer? Planning for just and sustainable urban regions, Paris, 8-12th July 2024To accelerate the transitions needed to alter current economic and cultural destructive patterns, our social, organisational and democratic structures have to be adapted, which includes a more profound collaboration between public institutions, private actors and citizens. French national and territorial institutions in Marseille and municipal councils in Rotterdam are, each in their own way, introducing and empowering new physical spaces (Tier Lieux and Wijkhub) with the intention to facilitate conditions that enhance active citizenship. In this research we critically analyse both attempts in order to see if these initiatives can be regarded as a form of "external and contextual" Situated Democracy; These places should have the potential to make a contribution towards new forms of situated citizenship, truly transformative based on its multi-scalarity, involving a specific mixite of publics and communities and accessible to the majority.published versio
Guiding principles for the 15-minute city in peripheral areas: the emc2 model
Full text linkGame changer? Planning for just and sustainable urban regions, Paris, 8-12th July 2024The 15-minute City (15mC) is a novel urban planning approach aiming at affordable and sustainable mobility while enhancing urban life. Implementing this concept in car-dependent outskirts and suburbs poses significant challenges due to their lacking essential morphological features. Cities, especially in metropolitan areas, function as interconnected networks rather than standalone walkable neighbourhoods, complicating the implementation further. The Evolutive Meshed Compact City (emc2) offers a networked pedestrian-based 15mC model suitable for many European peripheries. The model relies on a set of guiding principles and detailed specifications, which are interrelated across different scales. To evaluate its potential in European metropolitan peripheries, a research design is proposed, focusing on its ability to facilitate a successful transition to a 15mC. Additionally, the paper compares the emc2 model with other proposed 15mC solutions.
Keywords: 15-minute City, Suburbs, Networked Densification, Pedestrian-Friendly Urban Formpublished versio