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Dispossession of the Poor through an Urban Renewal Project in Narlıdere İzmir, Turkey
No full textIn this paper, the dispossession process of the people living in a squatter housing area is explored in Turkey's third largest metropolis, İzmir. In the case of İzmir-Narlıdere, the İkinci İnönü Neighbourhood was declared as a disaster risk area and an urban renewal project was proposed by the municipality. The proposed housing project addresses to the luxury, exclusive and to a different lifestyle than that of the existing squatter housing inhabitants. Although the declared aim of the project is the redevelopment of the area with its existing inhabitants, it has a one dimensional spatial and market-driven feature and is insensitive to the economic, social and cultural characteristics of the inhabitants. The project will be undertaken and carried on by the Municipality and private real estate partnership drawing on of 50% shares for each. More crucially, despite the renewal project was submitted by the Municipality to the approval of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanism, there is no contract defining the framework for the inhabitants' right to title deeds. As the findings of the research conducted within the scope of this study indicate, this renewal process will work as slum clearance and will end with dispossession and displacement of the squatter housing inhabitants.publishedVersio
Legitimacy crisis of the village planning in china and its resolution
No full textBased on the three-phase legality theory of regulation, standard and morality of the new institutionalism school, the legal basis of village planning is embodied in three attributes: state legal empowerment, industry standard management and public interest expression. The introduction of the Urban and Rural Planning Law in 2008 has endowed the village planning with legal status from the national legislation level, and promoted the legitimacy structure of village planning towards integrity, which has made the village planning officially enter the era of "legalization". However, a comprehensive review of the development results of village planning over the past decade reveals that the current village planning legitimacy structure is now facing some major legitimacy crisis, such as the absence of subject under the contradiction of jurisprudence, the failure of planning caused by the deviation of technical rationality, and the dilemma of seeking a maximization of public interests. The legitimacy of village planning presents a crisis state of complete structure and incomplete function. To resolve the legitimacy crisis of village planning has become an important part of village planning towards public policy in the new era. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the original mechanism of crisis generation, this paper proposes the corresponding resolution paths as follows. Firstly, repairing relevant legal gaps in village planning. Secondly, establishing rational technical guidelines for planning. Thirdly, turning to "contractual village planning" with multisubject affirmative, in order to promote the village planning legal structure to an ideal condition of form and function integrity.publishedVersio
Deindustrialization and urban shrinkage. Achieving urban sustainability in former industrial cities in France: the case studies of Nantes and Saint-Ouen
No full textPlanning for Transition – book of proceedings 31; 2Population decline in former industrial cities is an undeniable fact and preparing to respond to it is a necessity. In my research urban sustainability is defined as a process to recover from social and economic recession which are usually linked to deindustrialization. The main goal is to survey how Nantes and Saint-Ouen became resilient after the period of deindustrialization and if they have the needed capacities of urban sustainability in dealing with population decline. The research method is descriptive-analytic. The descriptive method is used in order to define urban sustainability and relate it to previous studies in shrinking cities. The analytic method is used in order to identify the reasons that led to the population decline and the correlations between sustainable urban development and demographic evolution. The performed analyses included a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The outcome revealed that the two cities have reached the goal of sustainable urban development as they almost doubled their population since 2000. The final conclusion is that the urban policies implemented by local authorities as long as the economic decisions taken by local enterprises can assist Nantes and Saint-Ouen inhabitants to encounter to social and economic recession resulting from deindustrialization.publishedVersio
The importance of built environment : Characteristics of the built environment and spatial patterning of type 2 diabetes in pudong district, Shanghai
No full textThe built environment encompasses the major physical spaces, including buildings, streets, homes, schools, parks, playgrounds and other infrastructure in which we live, work and play. In an ideal world, the built environment should support and promote physical activity across the lifespan. However, with increased mechanization and urbanization, physical inactivity and higher levels of chronic diseases such as obesity become common among urban residents. Pudong District covers an area of 1,210 square kilometers with 12 streets and 24 towns. With urbanization in China, it formed unique built environment that high levels of residential density and low-density township environment both exist in this District. Physical inactivity increases risk of chronic disease, this study examine relationships between built environment and chronic diseases using spatial models. We use gis-data to explore whether mixed land-use, high levels of street connectivity, and accessible facilities can reduce the incidence of urban residents' chronic diseases. The survey consists two parts: First, the public service facilities poi and road data are used to calculate the built environment feature in Pudong District. Second, the sample address information is re-encoded, and the spatial distribution characteristics of chronic disease patients are obtained through point density analysis of gis. We conduct follow analysis : 1) overlay analysis of high-density residential areas and high chronic disease incidence, to figure out whether supportive built environment may have lower prevalence of chronic disease. 2) Comparative analysis of the built environment characteristics between urban streets and township streets in Pudong District and the spatial distribution characteristics of chronic disease patients. Our analysis suggests there is an association between built environment and chronic disease.publishedVersio
Balloons to talk about : Exploring conversational potential of an art intervention
Get PDFplaNext-Next Generation Planning Vol. 9 (2019) Navigating change: Planning for societal and spatial transformations 45-64Relational approaches to urban development have gained ground in academic literature, highlighting diverse perspectives, such as experience, participation, aesthetics, performativity and affection. However, these practices neglect conversation as a connection between local everyday life and urban development. We argue that as art generally provokes discussion, material art acquires potential to question urban development and thus, act as a conversation mediator in public space. To test the hypothesis, we organised an explorative action research study: a data art installation within the annual ‘Oulu Night of the Arts’ in August 2017. The installation illustrated spatiotemporal analysis of everyday life in Åström Park, Oulu, Northern Finland. The art intervention succeeded in engaging diverse social groups online and on-site, although it proved challenging to evoke focused conversations. The induced discussions bore relevance to everyday realities in the locality. If public discourse on urban environment concentrates solely on municipal urban planning projects and visible new constructions, we risk creating a misconception of them being superior to mundane everyday life. The study suggests that even tentative information without specific objectives, when presented in a public data installation, could prove valuable for urban development discourse
Classifying governance initiatives for an effective integration of car sharing with urban planning and transport systems
Get PDFCar sharing is a service in which members can access a car without having to own it. It is a relatively mature car-based component of the ‘mobility as a service’ (MaaS) system that has potential to work as sustainable transport when effectively integrated with urban systems and used as a complement to the transport network. Initiatives to integrate car sharing are relatively recent and not yet widely practiced, but they have been successfully implemented by some cities and there is an increasing interest in adopting them worldwide. However, this topic remains widely unexplored in transport studies and policy debates. This paper aims to address governance for car sharing integration by clarifying what this integration means, underlining its significances, and by classifying mechanisms and measures that can be adopted, mostly by local authorities, to achieve it. This work was based on literature reviews and on studies of practical examples focused on governance for car sharing developed by the author f or her master and Ph.D. (ongoing) researches. The framework introduced here may provide insights on elements that should be considered while formulating strategies to incorporate car sharing into urban systems. It is also an opportunity to reflect on a significant, but relatively unexplored, topic in transport discourse.publishedVersio
Climate change impacts in three regions of Greece: interconnections with regional public perceptions and planning policies
Get PDFThe purpose of this work is to study and compare the impacts of climate change in three regions of Greece, in particular in Sterea Ellada, Thessaly and the Peloponnese. This crisis refers to the impacts of Climate Change, both current and expected, and concerns the social, economic and natural environment, the perceptions of people and the competent authorities, as well as the planning policies which either incorporate or not appropriate mitigation and adaptation measures. In the present work the authors test the fundamental hypothesis, that outdated regional plans and climatic blind regional policies are inadequate in coping with the challenges arising from new climatic environments which characterize new or more pronounced climatic and meteorological risks and vulnerabilities.publishedVersio
Chicana Neighborhood Activism: Gender, Race, and Urban Planning
Get PDFThis article weaves the activist narrative stories of three Chicana neighborhood leaders that have transformed redevelopment projects in their barrios to gain more community benefits. Chicanas pressured the city, redevelopment agency staff, politicians, and developers to transform market-based redevelopment housing projects into affordable housing. These projects encouraged links to social and educational services, supported locally owned retail, and built Chicano/a culturally appropriate public spaces. In particular, we analyze how these Chicana neighborhood activists were influenced by the Chicano/a movement; how they became involved in urban planning issues; and finally, how each transit-oriented project changed to encompass more community benefits as these Chicanas pressured the city and developers. The projects include Fruitvale’s Transit Village in Oakland, California, the expansion of East LA’s Goldline in Los Angeles, California, and the transformation of El Mercado Del Barrio redevelopment in San Diego, California. The narrative stories help to conceptually and empirically ground the larger structural barriers that create inequitable and racially segregated neighborhoods and demonstrate how Chicana activists challenged and pushed back against those structures to protect their barrios
Territorial conflicts in metropolitan areas. A regeneration project for the resurgence of a community
Get PDFThese guidelines provide instructions to format your full paper. The process of political and administrative rescaling affecting Italian cities and regions under the Law 56/2014, with the consequent establishment of metropolitan cities, has triggered new forms of territorial conflicts. In this paper, conflicts have risen to a privileged observatory to investigate government problems at the regional scale and to identify possible ways for an inclusive governance of Metropolitan territory. The main purpose is to propose a reflection on the territorial conflicts about metropolitan identity and on the role of the small villages in the promotion of forms of aggregation with a bottom up approach, as resource for the strategic government of the territory and the management of territorial conflicts (Lingua, Puttilli, 2017). Focus of this paper is a case study concerning a process of empowerment of a group of citizens engaged in the promotion of a local project that has become a pilot project of regeneration of community places in the frame of the Strategic Metropolitan Plan of Florence. A tiny group of citizen who shared the same common destiny for absence of a connection with the municipal water supply chain. Instead of carrying out a territorial protest and they become an identity movement and, through the recognition of the patrimonial value of places, engaged a multiactorial and multiscalar renewal project aimed to the rebirth of the local community. The joint effort for the self-construction of the lacing of the aqueduct has become the kick off for the realization of an integrated project for the requalification of the complex of Sant'Angelo Vico L’Abate as a place of religious aggregation, social and producer of wealth and new economies. The contribution deals with the reconsideration of territorial conflicts in regional cities as a strategic action for the interaction between local and metropolitan institutions and, above all, as a strong point for enhancing governance at the regional level (Mariano, 2012) for the construction of a shared vision for development of actual and future of the Metropolitan city
Opportunities, innovation, and legitimacy in Public- Private Collaboration. Lessons from French practices
Get PDFThe debate about urban regeneration is coping with the spreading of public-private interactions and new geographies of powers. Thanks to a lexical shift from Public-Private Partnership to Public-Private Collaboration (PPC), the research aims to investigate these approaches to urban transformations and, analyzing the features of French best practices, outlines innovation’s potential of such experiences. Four cases were studied as an advanced form of PPC for city-making, with widely recognized high-quality outcomes. The shift to PPC opens to a discussion on multilevel planning, in order to find a balance between reduction of public finance, need of urban renewal for collective services and public spaces, role of private stakeholders; collaborative urban transformations deal with privatization and regeneration, gentrification and inclusive social transformations, (neo)liberal city and public city. In this work, practices’ features are translated into clusters of indicators to deconstruct the complexity of urban quality. Through the checklist and the following evaluation process, PPCs in urban regeneration can be enhanced through the link between decision-making processes and the urban quality of the outcomes. The whole work aims to obtain practical guidelines for urban planning and design, providing insights for policymakers and urban design practitioners to define performance metrics for PP