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Challenges of dipeptide identification for a better characterization of nutritional quality of food and derivatives
No full textInternational audienceBioactive peptides (2 to 20 amino acids (AAs)) from food sources are typically inactive within the sequence of the parent protein but, after being released through enzymatic proteolysis, can exert a range of physiological functions. Bioactive peptides derived from agri-food industry products or byproducts exhibit a wide range of biological activities, such as antihypertensive, antioxidative, antibacterial... BIOPEP is one of the most comprehensive databases of bioactive peptides, referencing more than 5,000 peptides. Nearly 45% of these latter are ultra-short- peptides (USPs, composed of 2 to 5 AAs)—comprising 581 dipeptides, 754 tripeptides, 385 tetrapeptides, and 511 pentapeptides, totaling 2,231 USPs. However, while analytical methods are efficient for larger peptides, USPs still present characterization challenges due to their “metabolomic” nature.First, 209 molecular descriptors were computed from the SMILES of all 400 L-dipeptides and used for principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap visualization to select 25 representative dipeptides based on their descriptor-based heterogeneity. Each AA appears at least once in this model dipeptide set. Second, dipeptide analyses were performed using both C18 and HILIC HPLC columns, coupled with an ESI-QTOF-MS.This work illustrates the bioinformatic strategy employed for dipeptide selection and highlights the importance of chromatographic phase orthogonality. Furthermore, we present the strategy envisioned for annotating USPs, leveraging the maximum amount of information extracted from MS/MS data. Although manual identification of dipeptides in a standard mixture is feasible under the described peptidomic conditions, current metabolomics- and peptidomics-dedicated software lacks the capability for accurate and automated dipeptide annotation. Optimizing HPLC conditions (e.g., column type, temperature) or leveraging amino acid-specific fragment ions could enhance dipeptide identification
« Entre retours d’expérience des sièges et réalités locales, la complexe réorganisation de la frontière du Nord après la guerre de 1870 (1871-1885) »
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Thermal properties of nano-objects by means of scanning thermal microscopy
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La mathématique platonicienne rencontre la philosophie de la religion : une métaphore éthique (appendice à Ph Gagnon, "Intelligence artificielle, autonomisation des machines et théologie", Connaître, no 63, juin 2025, p. 61-69)
No full textPhilip Davis et Ruben Hersch, Descartes' Dream: The World According to Mathematics, Mineola, Dover, 2005, p. 231-239
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Joint Time and Power Management in SWIPT-EH CIoT
No full textInternational audienceThis letter presents a novel deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach for joint time allocation and power control in a cognitive Internet of Things (CIoT) system with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). The CIoT transmitter autonomously manages energy harvesting (EH) and transmissions using a learnable time switching factor while optimizing power to enhance throughput and lifetime. The joint optimization is modeled as a Markov decision process under small-scale fading, realistic EH, and interference constraints. We develop a double deep Q-network (DDQN) enhanced with an upper confidence bound. Simulations benchmark our approach, showing superior performance over existing DRL methods
Machiavel par lui-même
No full textInternational audienceL’objectif politique qu’a poursuivi Machiavel toute sa vie est simple : rendre sa patrie puissante, forte et indépendante. Si la finalité est claire, la mise en œuvre est loin d’être évidente tant l’Italie de l’époque est divisée entre diverses principautés et républiques et aux prises avec les grandes puissances européennes.L’auteur nous donne à voir l’homme politique en Machiavel et non le théoricien ou le philosophe. Il s’agit de lire Machiavel pour lui-même en le replaçant dans son époque. Patriote florentin avant tout, son programme politique vise l’unification de l’Italie au bénéfice de Florence. Le Prince et les Discours sont les adaptations à des publicsdifférents de cette vision programmatique, qui rendent le Florentin si proche de notre manière moderne de penser la politique et le désignent comme l’un de ses initiateurs
Quantitative nanoscale mapping of the Mn redox states in silicates by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy at the Mn L2,3-edges
No full textInternational audienceThis is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.</div
Factors contributing to sexual dissatisfaction in women with breast cancer: The specific role of conjugal relationship quality
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Reconfigurable flexible haptic interface using localized friction modulation
No full textInternational audienceThis paper describes the development, the characterizationand the evaluation of a flexible haptic interface usinglocalized friction reduction. Based on previous work, the surfacedeveloped is composed of several haptic resonators vibratingat an ultrasonic frequency, driven by piezoelectric actuators,and associated with a polymer matrix. The solution combinesthe advantages of a rigid haptic surface implementing frictionreduction and the conformability of a 75 μm thick polymersheet. The development and the realization of the prototypeare presented in this paper. By powering or not poweringthe actuators, it is possible to display simple tactile shapes.Tribological measurements confirm that the friction reductionproduced by each haptic resonator follows the desired shape.Finally, two studies were carried out to show the usefulness ofthe device in two typical use cases. In the first one, participantscould recognize shapes, with an average success rate of 96 % anda detection time around 14 s. In the second one, two participantsexplore the device, each with different haptic feedback. The studyshowed that they could discriminate the tactile pattern presentedto them with a success rate of 89 %