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Point-of-Care Applicability of Graphene-Based Field Effect Transistors upon Modification with a Pyrene-Tagged Antifouling Copolymer: Application for cTnI Sensing in Blood
No full textInternational audienceField-effect transistors (FETs) are an integrated part of various electronic products and play an irreplaceable role in modern-day bioelectronics and biosensors. The electronic performance of FET-based sensors is intrinsically correlated with the choice of the sensing layer, with graphene being one of the most widely employed active semiconductor materials through which charge carriers (i.e., electrons or holes) propagate upon bioreceptor–analyte interactions. One of the challenges remaining before widespread practical applications of graphene-based FET (gFET) is linked to its direct operation in blood, as the complex protein environment matrix causes significant issues. Here, we propose a sensitive and rapid detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in unprocessed blood samples by integrating pyrene-tagged antifouling copolymer thin films onto the graphene channel. By leveraging the unique properties of the zwitterionic copolymer composed of N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMAA) and carboxy betaine methacrylamide (CBMAA) in the form of a pyrene-tagged poly[HPMAA-co-CBMAA], we demonstrate excellent signal stability in whole blood, along with the potential for sensitive cTnI sensing in high ionic strength media (1× PBS) upon immobilization of DNA aptamers onto the copolymer network. With a limit of detection of 0.6 ± 0.1 pg mL–1 and a limit of quantification of 1.8 ± 0.3 pg mL–1, the sensor operates well within the clinically relevant cTnI range, demonstrating a significant step forward for cardiovascular biomarker monitoring in physiologically relevant conditions
Les premières applications du code de la justice pénale des mineurs
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The foreshadowing votes: the Italian European elections in 2024
No full textInternational audienceEuropean election results are shaped by structural factors such as timing, electoral systems, and economic conditions. Italy is no exception. While its electoral system limits the emergence of new parties during European elections, their outcomes can significantly affect party dynamics. Since 2013, Italy's system has been tripartite due to the rise of the "neither left nor right" Five Star Movement (M5S). In 2024, the M5S fell below 10% for the first time. Meanwhile, the far-right Brothers of Italy (FdI) confirmed their strength, with potential implications for shifting European politics toward more conservative positions
Reporting on Deliverable D2.3 – Report on how trends intrust among specific social and political groups, includingethnic and territorial identities, territorial attachment andregime types at subnational level impact on varying levelsof trust across European subnational units
No full textPolarization and health-related behaviors and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
No full textInternational audienceAbstractObjectivePolitical and affective polarization are different, but related concepts, which can shape trust in authorities, interpretation of health messages, and health behaviors and outcomes. The aim of this study was to systematically review the research literature exploring how affective and political polarization are associated with COVID-19-related health behaviors and outcomes.MethodsFrom January 1, 2019 to November 27, 2024, we searched 12 electronic databases for studies about affective or political polarization and COVID-19-related outcomes, including preventive behaviors such as vaccination, compliance with policies, perceived risk and health outcomes. We included studies reporting primary data from participants of any age and gender, published in any language. Two independent reviewers, from a total of seven, conducted study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment. We synthesized findings narratively and reported them according to the PRISMA 2020 statement.ResultsOf 2,021 unique articles, we included nine cross-sectional studies, all conducted in the United States of America or Europe from 2020-2022. Four studies found associations between higher political polarization and lower COVID-19 vaccine uptake or intent. Reported associations between vaccination and affective polarization were mixed. Four studies of other COVID-19 attitudes or prevention measures found mixed results for both types of polarization. In one study, no association was found between polarization and changes in death in 2020 compared with 2015-19. The risk of selection bias in included studies was high.DiscussionThis systematic review found some evidence of associations between polarization and COVID-19 health-related behaviors and outcomes. Cohort studies are needed to understand the direction of association. More international and interdisciplinary approaches to the study of polarization are needed to generate evidence to inform health and public policy effectively and improve preparedness for future pandemics
De la photolithographie chimique à la gravure laser : une nouvelle ère pour la réalisation de circuits RF au sein du Master Réseaux et Télécommunications
No full textInternational audienceCe travail présente l'intégration d'une technologie de gravure de circuits imprimés (PCB) par laser, à l'aide de la LPKF ProtoLaser H4 du pôle CNFM, dans le cadre d'un cursus Master en électronique. Cette innovation remplace la méthode traditionnelle reposant sur l'insolation de typons, le dépôt de résine photosensible et la gravure chimique. Elle apporte de nombreux bénéfices : rapidité et précision de réalisation, compatibilité avec une large variété de substrats, réduction significative de l'utilisation de produits chimiques et raccourcissement du cycle de conception et de fabrication. Au-delà de l'aspect technique, cette évolution renforce également la dimension pédagogique : elle permet aux étudiants de couvrir l'ensemble de la chaîne de développement, de la simulation à la réalisation pratique, en intégrant des phases de tests et d'analyse comparée. Nous illustrons cette démarche à travers un cas concret, la conception et la fabrication par des étudiants d'un amplificateur RF, avec confrontation des performances simulées et expérimentales.</div
Commande en commutation douce d'un convertisseur matriciel adapté aux applications de recharge embarquée des véhicules électriques
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Handicap(s) : mais encore ?
No full textInternational audienceAu cours de cette conférence, nous brossons rapidement plusieurs entrées que l'on peut convoquer, dès lors qu'il s'agit de considérer ce que l'on entend par handicap : ses différentes définitions ; ses approches conceptuelles, entre modèles individuel, social, interactionnel et par les droits ; ses approches aussi par des dispositifs et des politiques publiques, qui illustrent en pratique ce que l’on en comprend. Esquissant ces évolutions de la notion au regard de ses réalités socio-historiques, nous suivrons ainsi un fil rouge selon lequel parler de handicap et, plus largement, d'approches inclusives, c'est considérer l’importance cruciale des environnements pour les situations concernées, qui convoquent dès lors et nécessairement une solidarité collective, dans les organisations et dans les pratiques
Theoretical Study on Impact of Chemical Composition and Water Content on Mechanical Properties of Stratlingite Mineral
No full textInternational audienceStratlingite is known as one of the hydration products of aluminum-rich cements. Its microstructure and, consequently, mechanical properties, depend on the Al/Si ratio and hydration conditions. The layered structure of stratlingite is characterized as defected, with vacancies in the aluminosilicate layer. This study uses density functional theory calculations on different stratlingite models to show how chemical composition, water content, and structural defects affect its mechanical properties. The developed models represent structures with full occupancy, with little or no content of structural water, and with vacancies in the aluminosilicate layer. It was shown that the full occupancy models have the highest toughness and are strongly anisotropic. The calculated bulk modulus (BH) of the models with full occupancy was about 40 GPa, being in the typical range for calcium aluminosilicate minerals. The water loss led to an increase in BH by approximately 40% compared to the models with full occupancy. In contrast, the models with vacancies exhibited a decrease in BH of about 30%. In models with the high silicon content (Al/Si ratio of 1/4), BH, Young’s (EH), and shear (GH) moduli decreased in a range 15%–30% compared to the models with an Al/Si ratio of 2/3 of Al/Si. Finally, according to Pugh’s ratio (BH/GH), which serves as a criterion for brittle–ductile transition (1.8), the models with full occupancy exhibit a brittle behavior, whereas the defected structures are closer to ductile. This could explain the elastic behavior of stratlingite binder in concretes. Generally, the calculations showed that all investigated parameters (chemical composition, water content, and structural defects) have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of stratlingite minerals