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Shim, Sh.(2025) Resonance as an educational response to alienation and acceleration in contemporary society. Asia Pacific Educ. Rev. 26, 567–579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-022-09814-0
No full textBiochemical characterization of the Escherichia coli surfaceome: a focus on type I fimbriae and flagella
No full textInternational audienc
Signaling Specific Skills and the Labor Market of College Graduates
No full textInternational audienceUsing administrative data and a regression discontinuity design, we study the labor market effects of a government-sponsored award given to top-performing students on Colombia’s national college exit exam. The award signals field-specific skills, leading recipients to earn seven to ten percent more than comparable peers without the signal. The benefits are concentrated among graduates from lowerreputation institutions, who enter the market with weaker signals and gain access to better job matches and higher-paying firms. These returns persist for up to five years, driven by an upward shift in the intercept of the wage-experience profile of those with weaker signals
Vulnérabilités et frontières institutionnelles : les Mineurs Non Accompagnés en France
No full textInternational audienc
Effets des animaux de compagnie sur la santé des personnes âgées : une enquête en Île-de-France
No full textInternational audienceAs populations continue to age, identifying effective strategies to enhance well-being becomes increasingly essential. This study examines the role of pets in promoting healthy aging through a survey conducted with 230 participants aged 62-93 years in Île-de-France. Data were collected using face-to-face and telephone interviews based on the CAPI HANC-MINDMAP questionnaire, which assessed sociodemographic, environmental, and pet-related factors. Statistical analyses, including generalized linear regression and linear models, were used to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of pet ownership on physical and mental health. Findings revealed that pet ownership, particularly of dogs and cats, is associated with varying degrees of social cohesion and living environments. Dogs were linked to improved neighborhood interactions, while cats were associated with closer in-home connections. Pets positively influenced mental well-being by strengthening social networks and reducing feelings of loneliness, although challenges such as stress related to caregiving responsibilities were also noted. Physical health benefits were more pronounced among dog owners, who experienced improved mobility due to regular walking activities. The study highlights the complex and multifaceted role of pets as non-drug interventions, offering both régulières. Cette étude met en évidence le rôle multifacette des animaux comme interventions non médicamenteuses, avec des avantages et des défis. Ces résultats offrent des pistes pour des stratégies de santé publique visant à promouvoir le bien-être et l'intégration sociale des personnes âgées, soulignant l'importance d'approches adaptées pour intégrer les animaux dans des cadres de santé holistiques.Alors que les populations humaines tendent à vieillir de plus en plus, il devient essentiel d’identifier des leviers favorisant le bien-être des personnes âgées. Cette étude explore le rôle des animaux de compagnie dans le vieillissement en bonne santé à partir d’une enquête menée auprès de 230 personnes âgées de 62 à 93 ans en Île-de-France. Les données, recueillies par entretien à l’aide du questionnaire CAPI HANC-MINDMAP, ont permis d’analyser les effets directs et indirects de la possession d’animaux sur la santé physique et mentale des personnes interrogées. Les résultats montrent que les chiens et les chats influencent différemment la cohésion sociale et l’environnement de vie de leurs propriétaires : les chiens favorisent les interactions de quartier et l’activité physique, tandis que les chats renforcent les liens affectifs au sein du foyer. Les animaux améliorent aussi le bien-être psychologique en réduisant la solitude et en élargissant les réseaux sociaux, bien que certains propriétaires signalent un stress lié aux soins. L’étude souligne le rôle des animaux de compagnie en tant qu’interventions non médicamenteuses sur le bien-être des personnes, à la fois sources de soutien mais aussi de défis, et encourage leur intégration dans les stratégies de politiques publiques du bien-vieillir
Comment l'IA révolutionne les métiers d'ingénieur : l'essor de l'ingénierie générative
No full textL’intelligence artificielle, et plus encore l’IA générative, est en train de transformer en profondeur les métiers de l’ingénierie. Ce n’est pas une évolution cosmétique, mais une bascule. Nous passons d’une ingénierie sous contraintes à une ingénierie augmentée — capable d’itérer, de simuler, d’optimiser à une vitesse et une échelle inédites.Ce rapport du Think Tank Arts & Métiers arrive à point nommé. Il montre que l’IA générative ne se contente pas de remplacer ou d’automatiser. Elle amplifie l’ingéniosité humaine, elle permet de travailler avec des compagnons IA capables de générer, proposer, anticiper. Elle fait des jumeaux numériques une réalité vivante, agile, évolutive, et non plus une maquette figée. Elle donne au jeune ingénieur l’accès au savoir accumulé de toute une profession, elleouvre des perspectives nouvelles sur l’attractivité du métier, son impact, sa responsabilité. Je retrouve dans cette étude des intuitions que nous vivons déjà concrètement, chez Bouygues comme au sein du collectif Impact AI, que je préside. L’IA s’infiltre dans tous les métiers de l’ingénierie — du génie civil à l’électronique, du management de projet à la modélisation des systèmes complexes. Elle ne remplace pas l’ingénieur : elle le transforme, elle le révèle. Et surtout, elle l’équipe pour relever les défis gigantesques de notre temps : urgence climatique, transition énergétique, réindustrialisation, résilience des territoires. Ce rapport n’est pas un point final. C’est un point de départ. À tous ceux qui pensent que l’IA est réservée aux métiers du numérique : regardez ce que l’ingénierie en fait déjà. Et imaginez ce que nous pourrions en faire demain
Financial Innovation And Local Governments Investment
No full textInternational audienceLocal public investment is a key driver of infrastructure provision and long-term growth. Hence, understanding investment financing choice is paramount. Unlike central governments, most local authorities face a narrow choice between debt and tax funding, subject to fiscal rules and financial market access constraints. To analyze this choice, we transpose Williamson (1988)’s corporate finance framework, which views financing as a governance decision aimed at minimizing transaction costs rather than as market neutral or an agency conflict. In this adaptation to public finance, debt corresponds to rules-based, market governance, while tax funding represents hierarchical, discretionary governance. In stable environments, debt dominates; under instability, the ranking reverses. We test these propositions using France’s local public debt crisis that began in 2010, triggered by municipalities’ exposure to toxic structured loans. Using a panel of 35,000 municipalities (2000–2018) and a distance-based instrumental-variable strategy, we find that before the crisis, structured loans did not alter investment behavior, but after the crisis, exposed municipalities sharply curtailed investment and re-ranked their financing choices away from borrowing toward higher self-financing. These results highlight the governance nature of local financing decisions and extend Williamson’s corporate finance framework to public finance
Le destin prestigieux de la fluorine de Voltennes
No full textInternational audienceDe nombreux écrits sur l’utilisation originale de la fluorine de Voltennes dans les balustres dominant l’escalier d’honneur du Palais Garnier ont déjà été publiés. Toutefois, à l’occasion des 150 ans de celui-ci, et grâce à la numérisation croissante de documents anciens ainsi que la mise à disposition par l’IGN de nombreuses nouvelles données (MNT, photographies aériennes), il est intéressant de se replonger dans l’exploitation de cette mine
The STICS soil-crop model: A generic model to simulate the functioning of agroecosystems
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/616765/)International audienceThis chapter offers a general presentation of the STICS soil-crop model. Through numerous illustrations dealing notably with genetic x environment x management interactions, it presents an overview of the wide domain of validity of the model, along with its performances, demonstrating its potential for a wide range of agronomic and environmental applications. Since the beginning of its story in the early 90's, STICS has been able to remain a generic and robust model that allows to simulate the functioning of agro-ecosystems, both in temperate and tropical environments. As highlighted in this chapter, and particularly in the last two sections, many efforts were, and are still, put to keep the model up-to-date and in a permanent state of evolution towards better representation of cropping systems, allowing to analyze novel research and applied questions
Prospective study on plastic waste in the sediments of several canals in the Hauts-de-France region
No full textInternational audiencePlastic waste and their fragments (microplastics; MPs: 5 mm) pose a global, persistent, and ubiquitous threat to ecosystems. Their sources, transfers, storage, and ultimate fates remain poorly understood, particularly in rivers. Since 2019, LASIRE and IMT Nord Europe have been collaborating to study this pollution in the sediments of canals in the Hauts-de-France region. Two rural sites (Planquette and Aa Rivers) and two urban sites (Scarpe and Escaut Rivers) were investigated. Riverbed sediments were collected using a sediment grab (Planquette, Scarpe and Escaut) and sediment corer (Aa). Suspended sediments were collected using a horizontal sediment trap (Planquette). Finally, dredged sediments were also investigated (Aa). Large microplastics (LMP; 1-5 mm) from dredged sediments were extracted via density separation (NaI, 1.6 g/mL). Bottom and suspended sediments were sieved at 1 mm to collect LMP, followed by density separation. The extracted particles were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance. LMPs were found in 30% of bottom samples and 100% of the suspended matter samples from the small agricultural watershed (100 km 2 ) of the Planquette River, 60% of dredged sediment samples from Saint-Omer (Aa), 85% of samples from the Denain-Trith reach (Escaut), and 100% of samples from Douai (Scarpe). Concentration differences between sites span several orders of magnitude. In agricultural areas, concentrations range from 0.4 LMP/kg (undetected) to 1.2 LMP/kg in bottom sediment and from 2.4 LMP/kg to 13 LMP/kg in suspended sediment. In dredged sediments, concentrations range from 7.1 LMP/kg to 1500 LMP/kg. In urban environments, concentrations range from 6.1 LMP/kg to 300 LMP/kg in the Denain-Trith reach (Escaut) and between 16 LMP/kg and 75 LMP/kg in Douai. The observed plastics are primarily films and fragments across all four sites. The predominant polymers found are polyethylene (PE) in all kind of samples, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was also important in dredged sediments