HAL Université de Toulouse, et Toulouse INP
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5 MINUTES OF DAILY SMS, A PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROTOCOL, TO PREVENT WORK ACCIDENTS AND MUSCULOSKELETALDISORDERS OF WORKERS IN AN INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT
No full textInternational audience21 to 28 % of all days of occupational sick leaves, is a major health problem for society and workers (1). In addition to otherpreventive actions, physical activity protocols (PAP) contribute to reduce Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in workers (2).The nature of the protocol, its implementation, its acceptability and the engagement of workers (3) to the protocol areessential determinants of the effectiveness of the PAP.ObjectivesThe aims of the study are to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a preventive PAP of 5 minutes named SMS(Strength, Mobility and Stretch) to present the preliminary results, particularly in terms of engagement and the effects at 15months on the reduction of work accidents (WA), their severity and the number of MSDs.METHODS: A mandatory approach based on 5 minutes of SMS per day worked adapted to job families for all workers ofan industrial company (n=250) was implemented from September 2021 through the intervention of a service company.The protocol was:- Information about this approach to all workers and call for applications to become internal animators (IA);- 3 weeks: Animation of SMS sessions by the service company;- 4 x 1 day: Training of 4 groups of IA;- 2 weeks: Co-animation of SMS sessions by IA and service company;- 14 months: IA of SMS sessions.The indicators monitored are the frequency and severity rates of WA, MSDs declared (indicators of the French MedicalHealth Care System) over the last 5 years, as well as the relative risks and level of engagement.RESULTS: The share of volunteer workers trained to be IA is 14%. Protocols were followed by all workers and none of themrefused.The first results show a significant drop in 15 months in frequency and severity rates of WA:- Decrease in the frequency rate from 51.25 to 14.21- Decrease in the severity rate from 0.96 to 0.45The relative risk analysis shows a reduction in the risk of WA of 53% and in the risk of minor accidents of 65%. The numberof MSDs declared during the mandatory is zero.Discussion and CONCLUSION: The proportion of volunteer workers trained demonstrates a certain interest in SMS and anappropriation of the approach by workers. This approach requested and organized by the companys management iswell accepted by all workers.According to these initial results, it would seem that 5 minutes of SMS every working day helps reduce WA and MSDs inthis industrial environment. Further studies are needed to confirm these results, measure the evolution of the indicatorspresented and monitor workers engagement over the long term.References1. Luger et al. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 20192. Moreira-Silva et al. Workplace Health Saf. 20163. White et al. Int J Occup Environ Med. 201
Perception of Robotic Agents in Childhood: Does social context matter?
No full textInternational audienceFrom the first years of life, children interact with social agents and develop socio-cognitive skills such as Theory of Mind (ToM) and humor. Yet, little is known about how these abilities emerge in relation to the characteristics of interaction partners. With the growing presence of social robots in children’s daily lives (UNICEF, 2021), empirical data are still lacking on how young children perceive these agents. This project investigates the influence of agent type (human vs. robotic), interaction context (humorous vs. neutral), and behavioral congruency (socially congruent vs. incongruent vs. non-social) on young children’s perception and appreciation of social interactions. Five children (3 girls ; 2 boys), aged 14 to 70 months (M = 37.6, SD = 22.6) participated in a pilot study. Children’s perception of the robot was assessed through emotional reactions to videos of an actress interacting with the robot NAO under one initial (congruent, incongruent, non-social) and three humorous (sound, object, surprise) conditions. Children over 24 months (n=4) also answered to the Animacy Interview, while parents filled out the Early Humor Survey and Early Social Cognition Inventory (Hoicka et al., 2021). Preliminary results indicate that children responded positively to the humorous robot and preferred the object-based humor. Results also indicated that children attributed more animacy to NAO in the social congruent condition. We observed no relation between parental surveys and children’s reaction to the video. This pilot study serves as a precursor to a larger-scale investigation
Bioinspired Lipids as Leads for Developing New Anti-TB agents with a Unique Mechanism of Action
No full textInternational audienc
Design and biological evaluation of bioinspired Lipidic AlkynylCarbinols for anti-TB drug discovery
No full textInternational audienc
Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Active galactic nuclei identification using diffusion-based inpainting of Euclid VIS images
No full textInternational audienceLight emission from galaxies exhibit diverse brightness profiles, influenced by factors such as galaxy type, structural features and interactions with other galaxies. Elliptical galaxies feature more uniform light distributions, while spiral and irregular galaxies have complex, varied light profiles due to their structural heterogeneity and star-forming activity. In addition, galaxies with an active galactic nucleus (AGN) feature intense, concentrated emission from gas accretion around supermassive black holes, superimposed on regular galactic light, while quasi-stellar objects (QSO) are the extreme case of the AGN emission dominating the galaxy. The challenge of identifying AGN and QSO has been discussed many times in the literature, often requiring multi-wavelength observations. This paper introduces a novel approach to identify AGN and QSO from a single image. Diffusion models have been recently developed in the machine-learning literature to generate realistic-looking images of everyday objects. Utilising the spatial resolving power of the Euclid VIS images, we created a diffusion model trained on one million sources, without using any source pre-selection or labels. The model learns to reconstruct light distributions of normal galaxies, since the population is dominated by them. We condition the prediction of the central light distribution by masking the central few pixels of each source and reconstruct the light according to the diffusion model. We further use this prediction to identify sources that deviate from this profile by examining the reconstruction error of the few central pixels regenerated in each source's core. Our approach, solely using VIS imaging, features high completeness compared to traditional methods of AGN and QSO selection, including optical, near-infrared, mid-infrared, and X-rays
Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). First Euclid statistical study of galaxy mergers and their connection to active galactic nuclei
No full textInternational audienceGalaxy major mergers are indicated as one of the principal pathways to trigger active galactic nuclei (AGN). We present the first statistical analysis of the major merger and AGN connection in the Euclid Deep Fields, and showcase the statistical power of the Euclid data. We constructed a stellar-mass-complete (M_⋆>10^ M_⊙) sample of galaxies from the quick data release (Q1) in the redshift range z=0.5--2. We selected AGN using X-ray detections, optical spectroscopy, and mid-infrared (MIR) colours, and by processing observations with an image decomposition algorithm. We used convolutional neural networks trained on cosmological hydrodynamic simulations to classify galaxies as mergers and non-mergers. We found a larger fraction of AGN in mergers compared to the non-merger controls for all AGN selections, with AGN excess factors ranging from two to six. The largest excess we observed was in the MIR AGN. Likewise, a generally larger merger fraction (f_̊m merg) was seen in active galaxies than in the non-active controls, with the excess depending on the AGN selection method. Furthermore, we analysed f_̊m merg as a function of the AGN bolometric luminosity (L_̊m bol) and the contribution of the point-source component to the total galaxy light in the IE-band (f_ PSF ) as a proxy for the relative AGN contribution fraction. We uncovered a rising f_̊m merg, with an increasing f_ PSF up to f_ PSF ≃ 0.55, after which we observed a decreasing trend. In the range f_ PSF = 0.3--0.7, mergers appear to be the dominant AGN fuelling mechanism. We then derived the point-source luminosity (L_ PSF ) and showed that f_̊m merg monotonically increases as a function of L_ PSF at z<0.9, with f_ ̊m merg ≥50% for L_ PSF ≃ 2 . Similarly, at , f_̊m merg rises as a function of L_ PSF though mergers do not dominate until L_ PSF ≃ 10^ . For the X-ray and spectroscopically detected AGN, we derived the bolometric luminosity, L_ bol, which has a positive correlation with f_ merg for X-ray AGN, while there is a less pronounced trend for spectroscopically selected AGN due to the smaller sample size. At L_ bol AGN mostly reside in mergers. We conclude that mergers are most strongly associated with the most powerful and dust-obscured AGN, which are typically linked to a fast-growing phase of the supermassive black hole, while other mechanisms, such as secular processes, might be the trigger of less luminous and dominant AGN.</jats:p
The "Agroecology & Markets" project led by the INRAE sector groups
No full textThe agrifood sector encountered increasing market segmentation, with the proliferation of public and private quality claims (i.e. labels), which commit the supply chains to the building of differentiated production, processing and distribution practices. We know very little about the way in which value chains move towards agroecology, particularly for value chains with quality labels other than organic farming. From 2022 to 2023, INRAE’s Scientific Division for Agriculture conducted an exploratory project with 11 sector research groups of INRAE to analyse how differentiated supply chains are committing to agroecology. This project, entitled ‘Agroecology and Market’, was based on desk research and interviews with over 60 actors from the interbranch organisations and different stages in agrifood chains. This introductory article presents the rationale for the project, the mission of the INRAE sector research groups and the 28 case studies selected for illustrative purposes in order to conduct this exploratory analysis in a diverse range of production and supply chain contexts.International audienceThe agrifood sector encountered increasing market segmentation, with the proliferation of public and private quality claims (i.e. labels), which commit the supply chains to the building of differentiated production, processing and distribution practices. We know very little about the way in which value chains move towards agroecology, particularly for value chains with quality labels other than organic farming. From 2022 to 2023, INRAE's Scientific Division for Agriculture conducted an exploratory project with 11 sector research groups of INRAE to analyse how differentiated supply chains are committing to agroecology. This project, entitled 'Agroecology and Market', was based on desk research and interviews with over 60 actors from the interbranch organisations and different stages in agrifood chains. This introductory article presents the rationale for the project, the mission of the INRAE sector research groups and the 28 case studies selected for illustrative purposes in order to conduct this exploratory analysis in a diverse range of production and supply chain contexts
Cross-sectional analysis of 28 agrifood value chain initiatives: Various innovation dynamics related to their commitment to agroecology
No full textThe agrifood sector encountered increasing market segmentation, with the proliferation of public and private quality claims (i.e. labels), which commit the supply chains to the building of differentiated production, processing and distribution practices. We know very little about the way in which value chains move towards agroecology, particularly for value chains with quality labels other than organic farming. From 2022 to 2023, INRAE’s Scientific Division for Agriculture conducted an exploratory project with 11 sector research groups of INRAE to analyse how differentiated supply chains are committing to agroecology. This project, entitled ‘Agroecology and Market’, was based on desk research and interviews with over 60 actors from the interbranch organisations and different stages in agrifood chains. This introductory article presents the rationale for the project, the mission of the INRAE sector research groups and the 28 case studies selected for illustrative purposes in order to conduct this exploratory analysis in a diverse range of production and supply chain contexts.International audiencePlant and animal supply chains may choose to reinforce or adopt agroecological principles in various ways. Twenty-eight case studies on initiatives claiming to differentiate themselves through practices related to agroecological principles have been analysed across different fields of production. The analytical framework used is based on the innovation functions implemented by value chains. The different actions taken within the value chains are analysed relatively to their capacity to feed into a process of collective learning in the transition towards agroecology. The presented results show a variable transformative capacity of the value chains, but we observed several regularities based on which the agroecological transition in France may take place. This article makes suggestions regarding collective actions that can support the agroecological transition in France
Charge transfer during sodium-ion intercalation in graphite-like anodes as determined by Raman spectroscopy
No full textInternational audienceSodium intercalation in graphite is known to be unstable, posing a challenge for energy storage applications based on this cation. This study combines Raman spectroscopy with first-principles calculations, including electron-phonon coupling, to investigate charge transfer mechanisms and stability in Na-intercalated graphite. Contrary to theoretical predictions on a pure Na graphite intercalated compound, Raman data show no evidence of so-called mechanical coupling between Na + ions and graphene layers. As we have selected a partially graphitized carbon with an intense 2D band for the anode, analyzing the Raman shifts of both the G and 2D bands is possible and allows us to discriminate between doping and lattice expansion treated as strain effects. The observed shifts are fully explained by a simple charge-transfer mechanism to each graphene layer. At stage one intercalation, a charge transfer value of -0.17±0.02 |e -| per carbon atom is determined. These findings highlight the ability of Raman spectroscopy to quantify charge transfer and differentiate intercalation behaviors between the various alkali metals.</div