Niigata Sogo Gaguen and Niigata Sogo Gaguin Repository
Not a member yet
2361 research outputs found
Sort by
JICA日本人材開発センターで日本的経営を学んだモンゴル企業の人的資源管理施策とその効果 ―16社のインタビュー調査結果から―
Get PDF1992年、モンゴルは独立し、社会主義経済から自由主義経済に移行した。多くの企業は、伝統的な欧米型人的資源管理を模倣したが、社会に適合しておらず、低い職務満足と高い離職率が常態化している。本研究のねらいは、同国のJICA日本センターにおいて日本的経営を学んだ企業が、何を取り入れ、どう活かしているのかを明らかにすることである。研究では、まず、同センターで学んだモンゴル企業16社の人事責任者にインタビューし、人的資源管理施策および従業員の状況について把握した。また、QCA（質的比較分析）を用いて、これら施策と定着意思、職務満足度との因果関係を推論した。モンゴル企業が日本から学んだと捉えているものは、従業員重視型の経営であった。また、QCAからは、人事評価指標として生産・販売数量などのKPIをそのまま用い、従業員参加を念頭に置かないマネジメントは定着意思や職務満足度に負の影響を与える一方、従業員の生活・気持ちを重視することや訓練を充実させることが、定着意思、職務満足度に正の影響を与えていることがわかった。departmental bulletin pape
Establishment of a novel miniature double-lumen catheter single-cannulation venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation model in the rat
Get PDF論文(Article)In recent years, venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) has been used to support patients with severe lung disease. Active use of VV ECMO was also recommended for severe respiratory failure due to COVID-19. However, VV ECMO is also known to cause various complications due to extracorporeal circulation. Although we conducted ECMO research using rats, we have not been able to establish whether double-lumen single-cannulation VV ECMO models in rats have been described previously. The purpose of this study was to establish a simple, stable, and maintainable miniature double-lumen single-canulation VV ECMO model in rats. A doublelumen catheter used as a plain central venous catheter (SMAC plus Seldinger type; Covidien Japan Co., Tokyo, Japan) was passed through the right external jugular vein and advanced into the right atrium as a conduit for venous uptake. The VV ECMO system comprised a roller pump, miniature membrane oxygenator, and polyvinyl chloride tubing line. During VV ECMO, blood pressure and hemodilution rate were maintained at around 80 mmHg and 30%, respectively. Hemoglobin was kept at >9 g/dL, no serious hemolysis was observed, and VV ECMO was maintained without blood transfusion. Oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide from the blood were confirmed and pH was adequately maintained. This miniature VV ECMO model appears very useful for studying the mechanisms of biological reactions during VV ECMO.journal articl
Early evolution of small body size in Homo floresiensis
Get PDF論文(Article)Recent discoveries of Homo floresiensis and H. luzonensis raise questions regarding how extreme body size reduction occurred in some extinct Homo species in insular environments. Previous investigations at Mata Menge, Flores Island, Indonesia, suggested that the early Middle Pleistocene ancestors of H. floresiensis had even smaller jaws and teeth. Here, we report additional hominin fossils from the same deposits at Mata Menge. An adult humerus is estimated to be 9 − 16% shorter and thinner than the type specimen of H. floresiensis dated to ~60,000 years ago, and is smaller than any other Plio-Pleistocene adult hominin humeri hitherto reported. The newly recovered teeth are both exceptionally small; one of them bears closer morphological similarities to early Javanese H. erectus. The H. floresiensis lineage most likely evolved from early Asian H. erectus and was a long-lasting lineage on Flores with markedly diminutive body size since at least ~700,000 years ago.journal articl
Impact of pandemic-related movement restriction on public access defibrillation in Japan: a retrospective cohort study
Get PDF論文(Article)Objectives
To analyse monthly changes in public access defibrillation (PAD) incidence and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) during the 2020–2021 COVID-19 pandemic compared with those during the 2016–2019 prepandemic period with consideration of pandemic-related movement restriction.
Design
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting
An extended database was created by combining and reconciling the nationwide Utstein-style OHCA and the emergency medical service (EMS) transportation databases in Japan.
Participants
We analysed 226 182 EMS-witnessed, non-newborn and out-of-home OHCA cases in Japan.
Primary and secondary outcome measures
The primary outcomes were the PAD incidence and neurologically favourable 1-month survival rate. The secondary outcomes were bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) provision and dispatcher-assisted CPR attempts.
Results
The proportion of out-of-home OHCA cases slightly decreased during the pandemic (from 33.7% to 31.9%). Although the pandemic was associated with a decreased PAD incidence, 2-year trend analyses by an interaction test showed that the PAD incidence was lower during the first nationwide declaration of a state of emergency (p<0.001) and in the pandemic’s second year (p<0.01). Regardless of location, delays in basic life support (BLS) actions and EMS contact with patients were more common and the rate of PAD-induced return of spontaneous circulation was lower during the pandemic. PAD incidence reduction was significant only in locations with a recommendation of automated external defibrillator placement (p<0.001). In other locations, a pronounced delay in BLS was found during the pandemic. The neurologically favourable survival rate was reduced in parallel with the reduced PAD incidence during the pandemic (r=0.612, p=0.002).
Conclusions
Prolonged and repeated movement restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic worsened the OHCA outcomes concurrently with disturbed BLS actions, including the reduced PAD incidence in out-of-home settings. Maintaining BLS training, re-arranging automated external defibrillator placement and establishing a local alert system for recruiting well-trained citizens to the scene are essential.journal articl
