ARUd’A (Università “G. d’Annunzio CHIETI -PESCARA)
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Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Tendency for Interpersonal Victimhood
No full textThis study validated the Italian version of the Tendency for Interpersonal Victimhood (TIV), originally developed by Gabay et al. (2020). The TIV assesses a personality trait across four dimensions: Need for Recognition, Moral Elitism, Rumination, and Lack of Empathy, which are crucial for understanding interpersonal dynamics and emotional regulation in various psychological contexts. Data from 1254 participants (56.5 % female, aged 18–70) confirmed a hierarchical model with one latent dimension and four method dimensions and high reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.84–0.91). Strong correlations with depressive rumination and anger rumination supported its convergent validity. The Italian TIV is a promising tool for research and clinical use in the assessment of the tendency for interpersonal victimhood trait in relation to emotional well-being, conflict resolution, and interpersonal violence. Further studies should test its stability and applicability in diverse populations
The aftermath of trauma on resting state source-level MEG microstate dynamics
No full text: Background: Traumatic events can disrupt psychological functioning, leading to conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, not all trauma-exposed individuals develop PTSD. While neurobiological alterations in PTSD are well-documented, the impact of trauma exposure on resting-state (RS) brain activity, particularly dynamics of brain states (microstates, MS), remains unclear.Aim: To address this gap, this study investigates RS brain activity of trauma-exposed non-PTSD (TENP) individuals compared to PTSD patients, exploiting magnetoencephalography (MEG) and source-level MS analysis.Methods: RS-MEG recordings were obtained from 33 traumatized people (16 PTSD, 17 TENP). Source localization was performed using eLORETA on individual cortical space and parcellated based on the Human Connectome Project atlas. MS analysis at parcel-level provided four MS topographies and related metrics.Results: MS analysis at parcel-level provided four topographies revealing distinct trauma-related modulations in RS dynamics. PTSD patients showed dominance in a bilateral MS overlapping the fronto-parietal network - linked to stress regulation and self-referential processing - positively correlated with symptom severity. Conversely, TENP individuals exhibited dominance in two MSs negatively correlated with symptoms: a right-lateralized cingulo-opercular network supporting salience processing and a left-lateralized sensorimotor network.Conclusions: These findings suggest that trauma exposure differently affects spatio-temporal dynamics of MEG oscillations. Resilience may arise from successful integration of cognitive and sensorimotor processes, detectable as distinct patterns of brain dynamics during rest
Negozi sul patrimonio altrui, conflitto tra aventi diritto e funzione della pubblicità
No full textL’opera di Luigi Cariota Ferrara offre l’occasione per riflettere sulla nozione,
introdotta dall’autore, di «rilevanza» o «irrilevanza» dei negozi sul
patrimonio altrui, costruita assumendo la distinzione tra rapporti interni
ed esterni. La necessità di tenere concettualmente distinti i due ordini di
rapporti consente di indagare a quali condizioni, sul fronte «esterno», il
negozio sul patrimonio altrui, se non ha di per sé dispiegato effetti reali, ha
comunque avuto una efficienza causale nel determinare l’acquisto in capo
all’acquirente. L’esame di alcune fattispecie di c.d. acquisto a non domino,
prese in esame dall’autore sotto il vigore del Codice del 1865, porta a riconsiderare,
nel passaggio al Codice vigente, il ruolo della pubblicità immobiliare
tra i presupposti di applicazione delle relative norme. La codificazione
del 1942, a differenza della disciplina abrogata, pone, infatti, l’attuazione di
una misura segnalativa a costante del procedimento acquisitivo
Do adolescent and young adult sexters and non-sexters have distinct value orientations?
No full textWhile there is much research on the individual correlates of sexting, the relationship with personal values is understudied. This study aimed to investigate whether adolescents and young adults (14-21 years old) involved in different sexting behaviors (i.e., experimental sexting, non-consensual sexting, sexting under pressure, risky sexting) have distinct value orientations according to Schwartz's model. A self-report questionnaire was completed by 719 Italian participants (52.6% females; Mage = 16.82; SDage = 1.59). A series of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) analyses showed that all forms of sexting were related to higher openness to change values (hedonism and stimulation) and self-enhancement values (power and achievement) and to lower conservation values (conformity) and self-transcendence values (universalism). Sexting under pressure was also related to higher importance placed on tradition values. Significant moderation effects of age and sex also emerged. Prevention programs for sexting should promote values that counteract power dynamics in relationships and overcome gender stereotypes
A mean-field approach to criticality in spiking neural networks for reservoir computing
No full textSpiking Neural Networks (SNNs) exhibit their optimal information-processing capability at the edge of chaos, but tuning them to this critical regime in reservoir-computing architectures usually relies on costly trial-and-error or plasticity-driven adaptation. This work presents an analytical framework for configuring in the critical regime a SNN-based reservoir with a highly general topology. Specifically, we derive and solve a mean-field equation that governs the evolution of the average membrane potential in leaky integrate-and-fire neurons, and provide an approximation for the critical point. This framework reduces the need for an extensive online fine-tuning, offering a streamlined path to near-optimal network performance from the outset. Through extensive numerical experiments, we validate the theoretical predictions by analyzing the network's spiking dynamics and quantifying its computational capacity using the information-based Lempel-Ziv-Welch complexity near criticality. Finally, we explore self-organized quasi-criticality by implementing a local homeostatic learning rule for synaptic weights, demonstrating that the network's dynamics remain close to the theoretical critical point. Beyond AI, our approach and findings also have significant implications for computational neuroscience, providing a principled framework for quantitatively understanding how (neuro)biological networks exploit criticality for efficient information processing. The paper is accompanied by Python code, enabling the reproducibility of the findings
Long-Term Survival with Multiple Myeloma: An Italian Experience
No full textBackground/Objectives: Treatments for multiple myeloma (MM) have expanded in the last decade, and the overall survival (OS) of MM patients (pts) is in continuous improvement. With the availability of new treatments and the use of high-dose chemotherapy, followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT), the median OS of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) pts is 6–8 years. To date, approximately 50% and 28% of MM patients are still alive at 5 years and 10 years. Few data are reported concerning the characteristics of the long-term survival MM pts. Methods: the aim of this observational multicenter study is to analyze the clinical profile of MM pts who have survived 10 years or longer, to identify possible predictors of long-term survival. Conclusions: this is a real-life observation of a cohort of 344 long-term survivors with MM. The median age of the entire cohort was 59 years (range 27–83). The median years from diagnosis was 13.4 (range 11.3–16.3). Our analysis identified age more than 60 years, hypoalbuminemia at diagnosis, and a number of anti-myeloma therapies equal or more than 3 as significant independent prognostic factors for reduced OS. These finding underline the importance of designing prospective studies to identify clinical, biological, and molecular characteristics that could be used to better stratify newly diagnosed multiple myeloma pts in order to incorporate reproducible biomarkers and to identify tailored optimal target therapies
Indagini sulle testimonianze pittoriche e graffite del complesso rupestre dei ‘Locori di Monsignore’ a Matera
No full textLo studio esamina per la prima volta in modo sistematico l’apparato decorativo e il vasto corpus di graffiti del complesso rupestre dei Locori di Monsignore, situato nel Parco della Murgia Materana, tra i confini di Basilicata e Puglia. In assenza di fonti scritte coeve, le immagini affrescate e incise diventano strumenti fondamentali per ricostruire il contesto storico e la funzione militare del sito tra la fine del XV e l’inizio del XVI secolo. L’indagine, condotta mediante rilievi fotogrammetrici, trattamenti digitali e analisi iconologica, ha permesso di identificare scene allegoriche rinascimentali, marchi mercantili, simboli militari e figure sacre, che documentano la presenza di una guarnigione e suggeriscono una committenza nobiliare. Il complesso si configura così come un unicum nel panorama rupestre del Mezzogiorno, per qualità artistica e significato storico-strategico