ARUd’A (Università “G. d’Annunzio CHIETI -PESCARA)
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Tuning the balance between CO2 absorption capacity and kinetics in diol-based low transition temperature mixtures: The dual role of 1,2-hexanediol
No full textThe ability of low transition temperature mixtures (LTTMs) composed of potassium hydroxide, boric acid, 1,2-diols of varying chain lengths, and water to serve as environmentally friendly solvents for CO2 capture was systematically investigated. CO2 solubility was measured at 35 and 50 °C under pressures ranging from 1 to 4 MPa. Among the tested systems, the ethylene glycol (EG)-based LTTM exhibited the highest CO2 absorption capacity, while the 1,2-hexanediol (1,2-HD)-based LTTM showed the fastest absorption kinetics, despite a lower overall uptake. Blends of EG or 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD) with 1,2-HD demonstrated a synergistic kinetic enhancement, accelerating CO2 uptake compared with single-diol systems. This kinetic advantage came at the expense of reduced absorption capacity relative to the parent EG- and 1,2-PD-based LTTMs, although total uptake remained higher than that of the 1,2-HD system. Notably, in the 1,2-HD-based LTTM, a shift in the CO2 absorption mechanism from chemical to physical was observed, indicating its role as a kinetic rather than thermodynamic promoter. Preliminary computational studies support this observation, suggesting that the butyl chains of 1,2-HD molecules may (i) shield the OH groups, hindering CO2 chemical capture, and (ii) form non-polar pockets capable of hosting CO2 molecules, favouring their physical absorption. These findings emphasise the importance of short-chain diols in maintaining adequate absorption capacity. Overall, this work highlights the potential of compositional tuning in LTTMs to optimise kinetic and thermodynamic performance in CO2 capture, offering valuable insights for the rational design of green, high-performance sorbents tailored to specific process conditions
The anthocyanin-enriched extract of Vaccinium corymbosum exerted in vitro and ex vivo antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities
No full textBackground: Vaccinium corymbosum berries represent a source of anthocyanins and polyphenols studied and tested for their healthy potential. The present study was aimed at isolating, characterizing, and quantifying the anthocyanin-enriched fraction obtained from blueberry and at assessing its biological and protective effects against head and neck cell lines and under inflammatory-related conditions. V. corymbosum berries extract was subjected to colorimetric analysis, antioxidant evaluation, and HPLC-DAD analysis. This extract was characterized by chlorogenic acid and 12 glycosylated anthocyanins, being the most abundant delphinidin-3-O-galactoside, delphinidin-3-O-arabinoside, malvidin-3-O-galactoside, malvidin-3-O-glucoside, and malvidin-3-O-arabinoside. The blueberry extract (BL) was further used in extensive biological evaluation. Head and neck cell lines, namely CAL27 and A253, were treated at different concentrations in order to evaluate cell migration ability and ErbB receptors and antioxidant enzymes gene expression. Results: The gene expression analysis highlighted the capability of BL to reduce ErbB receptors expression in CAL27 cell lines. The same treatments induced an opposite effect in A253 cell line for ErbB2/ErbB3 receptors. Moreover, in A253 cell line, BL increased SOD2 levels and reduced cell migration. The action of BL was also studied in an ex vivo experimental model of colon inflammation and was effective both in reducing the lipopolysaccharide-induced gene expression of different proinflammatory biomarkers involved in colon inflammation, among which tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-6, and in stimulating the gene expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Conclusion: The content of specific anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid can be considered responsible of such biological activities providing a new food supplement as coadjuvant of standard therapies
Digital Marketing Strategies to meet Digital Consumers’ Behavior in the new era: challenges, path and interventions to navigate the technological and social turbulence
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Data Control Coordination in the Formation of Ecosystems in Highly Regulated Sectors
No full textEcosystems in highly regulated sectors, such as banking, are orchestrated through institutional policies and technical standards that ensure the interoperability of cloud service infrastructures. Despite such interoperability, actors must still coordinate distributed data control to guarantee that data are treated under equal conditions. Drawing on a case study of the Italian banking sector between 2009 and 2020, we investigate the coordination efforts of ecosystem actors in distributing data control across organizational boundaries and jurisdictions. We show that, despite the availability of interoperability standards, the distribution of data control creates tensions that, on the one hand, hinder integration efforts and, on the other hand, allow disproportionate value capture, together contributing to ecosystem failures. We introduce a process model that details how contractual and procedural coordination mechanisms can mitigate these tensions and facilitate value co-creation. We conclude with a discussion of the contributions and implications of our findings for further research on data control coordination
Sex differences in cardiovascular risk factors: A growing concern
No full textwhile the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease risk factors is evolving, the rising prevalence among women is
alarming. Future research and policy interventions must account
for these sex-specific differences to curb the increasing cardiovascular burden in women and bridge the persistent sex gap in
cardiovascular car
Il benessere si impara. L’impatto dell’esperienza Erasmus sullo sviluppo psicologico e interpersonale: un caso di studio
No full textA Novel Probabilistic Approach for Debris Flow Accumulation Volume Prediction Using Bayesian Neural Networks with Synthetic and Real-World Data
No full textDebris flow events are complex natural phenomena that are challenging to predict, especially when data are limited or uncertain. This study presents a novel probabilistic approach using Bayesian Neural Networks (BNN) to predict possible volumes of debris flow accumulation by using synthetic and real-world data. Synthetic datasets are created based on statistical distributions informed by geomorphological and hydrological knowledge, allowing the model to learn typical behaviors when real data is scarce. BNN provide uncertainty quantification by modeling neural weights as probability distributions. The model resulting from validation on synthetic data and two real datasets from China and South Korea show strong predictive performance (R2 > 0.98) and close alignment between predicted and observed volumes, even in the presence of outliers. The key strength of this integrated approach lies in its integration of synthetic data generation, real data augmentation based on Bootstrapping, expert knowledge and Bayesian deep learning to overcome limitations of traditional statistical models, improving debris flow forecasting and enabling more informed and resilient risk management strategies
Preoperative assessment of adults undergoing elective noncardiac surgery
No full textBACKGROUND When considering whether a patient is fit for surgery, a comprehensive patient assessment represents the first step for an anaesthetist to evaluate the risks associated with the procedure and the patient's underlying diseases, and to optimise (whenever possible) the perioperative surgical journey. These guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (ESAIC) update previous guidelines to provide new evidence on existing and emerging topics that consider the different aspects of the patient's surgical path. DESIGN A comprehensive literature review focused on organisation, clinical facets, optimisation and planning. The methodological quality of the studies included was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) methodology. A Delphi process agreed on the wording of recommendations, and clinical practice statements (CPS) supported by minimal evidence. A draft version of the guidelines was published on the ESAIC website for 4 weeks, and the link was distributed to all ESAIC members, both individual and national, encompassing most European national anaesthesia societies. Feedback was gathered and incorporated into the guidelines accordingly. Following the finalisation of the draft, the Guidelines Committee and ESAIC Board officially approved the guidelines. RESULTS In the first phase of the guidelines update, 17 668 titles were initially identified. After removing duplicates and restricting the search period from 1 January 2018 to 3 May 2023, the number of titles was reduced to 16 774, which were then screened, yielding 414 abstracts. Among these, 267 relevant abstracts were identified from which 204 appropriate titles were selected for a comprehensive GRADE analysis. Additionally, the study considered 4 reviews, 16 meta-analyses, 9 previously published guidelines, 58 prospective cohort studies and 83 retrospective studies. The guideline provides 55 evidence-based recommendations that were voted on by a Delphi process, reaching a solid consensus (>90% agreement). DISCUSSION This update of the previous guidelines has covered new organisational and clinical aspects of the preoperative anaesthesia assessment to provide a more objective evaluation of patients with a high risk of postoperative complications requiring intensive care. Telemedicine and more predictive preoperative scores and biomarkers should guide the anaesthetist in selecting the appropriate preoperative blood tests, x-rays, and so forth for each patient, allowing the anaesthetist to assess the risks and suggest the most appropriate anaesthetic plan. CONCLUSION Each patient should have a tailored assessment of their fitness to undergo procedures requiring the involvement of an anaesthetist. The anaesthetist's role is essential in this phase to obtain a broad vision of the patient's clinical conditions, to coordinate care and to help the patient reach an informed decision
L'ufficio per il processo ai tempi del PNRR: una panacèa per la giustizia civile?
No full textL’A. ripercorre sinteticamente le tappe che hanno caratterizzato l’introduzione, a livello legislativo, dell’ufficio per il processo (UPP) e il successivo potenziamento dovuto al fatto che la principale misura di inverstimento del PNRR è rappresentata proprio dal rafforzamento di tale struttura organizzativa in vista del conseguimento degli obiettivi di abbattimento dell’arretrato e della durata dei processi. Chiarisce, quindi, che le istanze (quantitative) di efficienza del sistema giudiziario possono entrare in conflitto con le istanze di efficacia del sistema medesimo, che si sostanziano nella effettività della tutela giurisdizionale e nella realizzazione del correlativo diritto dei singoli utenti della giustizia, tutte le volte in cui gli strumenti apprestati dal legislatore per perseguire – a costi invariati - l’obiettivo dell’efficienza del processo vanno ad incidere sul contraddittorio e sulle altre garanzie del giusto processo, al punto da minare l’effettività della tutela. Dopo aver evidenziato che, sul piano quantitativo, l’UPP ha conseguito risultati assai rilevanti in ordine all’abbattimento dell’arretrato e -in misura minore – in ordine alla riduzione della durata dei processi, il saggio cerca di operare una valutazione della nuova struttura nella prospettiva (qualitativa) della capacità dell’UPP di assicurare a “tutti” una tutela effettiva. Sotto questo profilo, l’A. cerca di evidenziare attraverso un’analisi dettagliata, che il contributo dell’UPP viene utilizzato, nella prassi di molti uffici giudiziari di merito, soprattutto nello studio del fascicolo e nella redazione di bozza del provvedimento, tanto che alcuni studiosi descrivono tale contributo in termini di “formazione progressiva” della decisione e motivazione “condivisa” dei provvedimenti. A tale ultimo riguardo si evidenzia, infine, che si può profilare un dubbio di illegittimità costituzionale – per contrasto della nuova disciplina con l’art. 102, comma 1, Cost. – e che, al di là di tale dubbio, l’aumentata efficienza assicurata dalla nuova struttura organizzativa sembra andare a discapito della qualità della risposta giurisdizionale e, in ultima analisi, del diritto degli utenti della giustizia ad una tutela giurisdizionale effettiva