ARUd’A (Università “G. d’Annunzio CHIETI -PESCARA)
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Targeted Versus NonTargeted Epidural Blood Patch for Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is characterized by CSF leakage leading to orthostatic headaches and neurological deficits. In some cases, it can be extremely severe to cause nausea, vomiting, and vertigo. Despite conservative treatment, epidural blood patch remains the optimal approach for empiric resolution of symptoms. However, the medical community lacks consensus regarding the best approach to use: targeted epidural blood patch (TEBP) versus nontargeted epidural blood patch (NTEBP). Methods: A systematic review and metanalysis was conducted on multiple databases with a two-step selection process in order to exclude studies with insufficient data, irrelevance, and lack of comparative analysis between the two procedures. From the included studies, we comparatively analyzed overall good outcomes, success at first attempts, and relapse rates between the groups of study. Results: We included seven studies matching our inclusion criteria. No significant difference was noted between the TEBP and NTEBP groups concerning the improved overall outcome and success at first attempt. Similarly, comparable statistical significance was noted concerning the relapse rates. Conclusion: TEBP and NTEBP are both effective treatments for SIH. However, given the lack of statistical difference between the interventions, along with considerations such as the patient risk profiles, physician expertise, and avoidance of invasive imaging procedures, the analysis suggests that NTEBP may be considered a viable initial approach, regardless of the identification of the leak
O que aprendemos e o que podemos fazer daqui para a frente. Reflexões finais e propostas para o futuro
No full textThe concluding essay reflects on the profound impact that the international workshop “Cultura Material no Alentejo” (Odemira, September 2024) had on both students and professors, describing the experience as an “laboratório ao ar livre” (open-air laboratory) of great formative, scientific, and human significance.
The reflection focuses on the complex relationship between memory and experimentation, analyzing how traditional building practices can be integrated with advanced technologies. Taipa (rammed earth), often relegated in the collective imagination to an archaic or marginal technique, emerged as a strategic resource for the future and a tangible testimony to a form of constructive knowledge layered over centuries.
The intrinsic qualities of taipa—particularly its thermal inertia, breathability, and capacity to regulate indoor humidity—were recognized as perfectly aligned with contemporary comfort requirements and energy efficiency strategies. Moreover, taipa serves as a powerful vehicle of identity, capable of narrating the territory through the materiality of its architecture.
A central idea is that the conservation of earthen heritage should not be understood as an act of passive preservation but as a dynamic process that regenerates buildings, adapting them to new uses without compromising their authenticity. Earthen walls are seen as narrative and cultural devices—the project as a “text to be read”—since their visible stratification tells the story of the soil and the local community.
The success of the workshop is attributed to the adoption of an integrated and holistic pedagogical model that transcended the traditional separation between theory and practice. Two methods proved to be crucial:
Direct Analysis and Hand Drawing:
On-site visits allowed participants to understand the deep coherence between building forms and their environmental context. The practice of live drawing was not merely an artistic exercise but a powerful cognitive tool that compelled students to observe attentively, decode constructive logic, and transform sensory experience into a profound critical and epistemic act.
Learning by Doing (Experiential Learning):
The physical engagement with the material—preparing and compacting earth on site—had decisive formative value. This tangible experience transformed perceptions of taipa, revealing it as a living and high-performing material, and overcoming initial prejudices.
The workshop highlighted the need to update architectural curricula, systematically incorporating the study of natural materials and traditional techniques within a contemporary framework.
Future directions point toward the integration of tradition and innovation, experimenting with the hybridization of vernacular practices and advanced digital tools such as parametric modeling and robotic fabrication in raw earth.
The essay emphasizes a profound redefinition of the architect’s role: increasingly less an isolated author and more an interpreter, curator, and cultural mediator of a territory. The architect must translate historical and environmental values into concrete opportunities, generating a legacy that extends beyond individual buildings and ensures a future in which tradition and innovation coexist as parts of a single evolutionary process
FetalMLOps: operationalizing machine learning models for standard fetal ultrasound plane classification
No full textFetal standard plane detection is essential in prenatal care, enabling accurate assessment of fetal development and early identification of potential anomalies. Despite significant advancements in machine learning (ML) in this domain, its integration into clinical workflows remains limited-primarily due to the lack of standardized, end-to-end operational frameworks. To address this gap, we introduce FetalMLOps, the first comprehensive MLOps framework specifically designed for fetal ultrasound imaging. Our approach adopts a ten-step MLOps methodology that covers the entire ML lifecycle, with each phase meticulously adapted to clinical needs. From defining the clinical objective to curating and annotating fetal US datasets, every step ensures alignment with real-world medical practice. ETL (extract, transform, load) processes are developed to standardize, anonymize, and harmonize inputs, enhancing data quality. Model development prioritizes architectures that balance accuracy and efficiency, using clinically relevant evaluation metrics to guide selection. The best-performing model is deployed via a RESTful API, following MLOps best practices for continuous integration, delivery, and performance monitoring. Crucially, the framework embeds principles of explainability and environmental sustainability, promoting ethical, transparent, and responsible AI. By operationalizing ML models within a clinically meaningful pipeline, FetalMLOps bridges the gap between algorithmic innovation and real-world application, setting a precedent for trustworthy and scalable AI adoption in prenatal care.Graphical abstractOverview of the FetalMLOps framework for standard fetal ultrasound plane classification. The pipeline spans the entire machine learning lifecycle, from clinical objective definition, data acquisition and curation, and model development to deployment, monitoring, explainability, and sustainability, bridging the gap between research and clinical practice
Assessing the evidence for active volcanism on Venus: current limitations and prospects for future investigations
No full textOne of the biggest unknowns about Venus is how volcanically active it is today. Venus has a similar size and density to Earth, suggesting it may have a comparable composition, and therefore it is expected to be volcanically active; however, exploring Venus and confirming current volcanic activity is difficult because of the thick omnipresent optically opaque clouds that hamper traditional observations of the lower atmosphere and surface. Further, surface conditions make long-lived missions challenging. Despite the difficulty, there have been tantalizing hints of currently active or very recent volcanism. Here, we review what is known about active volcanism, point out gaps in knowledge to be addressed, and highlight techniques and approaches that need to be developed before the new decade of Venus exploration. It is crucial to constrain the activity and rate of volcanism today and through time to begin to understand the geodynamic state of the planet. We find that the combination of all evidence strongly indicates that Venus is volcanically active today. The best evidence for active volcanism comes from combining data sets and approaches – specifically at Idunn Mons, Maat Mons, and Aramaiti Corona – in contrast to those from a single study or data set alone. Considering the evidence for activity, observations do not favor so-called “catastrophic” models of resurfacing, instead they are better represented by ongoing regional scale events. To reliably detect and characterize active or recent effusive basaltic volcanism new missions must collect high-resolution imaging, repeat observations, radar polarimetry, evidence of outgassing, and high-resolution topographical data that provide insights into surface changes over time. The ability to capture and interpret these data is vital for understanding Venus's geological activity, particularly in regions where volcanic processes are suspected to be ongoing. © 202
Complessità e bilanciamento tra conservazione e interpretazione storica: stratigrafie integrate del sito di Casa Piccoli-Casa Forte (Castelseprio, Va)
No full textRicerca sul rapporto fra scavo stratigrafico e restauro in siti già interessati da operazioni di conservazione e tutel
Il valore della pace e lo spirito della guerra. Note critiche in tema di interpretazione evolutiva dell’articolo 11 della Costituzione
No full textL’intento del presente lavoro si incentra sull’analisi dell’evoluzione interpretativa del principio pacifista, consacrato nell’art. 11 della Costituzione italiana, alla luce del dibattito dottrinale e, parimenti, delle circostanze fattuali – specialmente susseguenti alla fine dei “due blocchi” – che hanno prodotto, in ambito globale, una ridefinizione del concetto di “guerra” e delle sue modalità di estrinsecazione fattuale. Tale ridefinizione, in particolare, ha interrogato (e continua ad interrogare) dottrina e politica circa la possibilità di prevedere
spazi inediti per la partecipazione della Repubblica in teatri di guerra, direttamente o a mezzo della fornitura di materiale bellico ad una nazione che si trovi coinvolta in un conflitto armato. Si intende sostenere come gli impegni assunti in sede internazionale dalla Repubblica non possano in alcun modo condurre le istituzioni repubblicane al perseguimento di fini discrepanti o, finanche, apertamente contrari ad uno dei principi fondamentali della Repubblica, rappresentato dalla formula che vede l’Italia quale Paese promotore di pace.
The essay aims at analysing the interpretative evolution of the pacifist principle enshrined in Article 11 of the Italian Constitution, in the light of the scholars’ debate and factual circumstances – especially following the end of the “two blocks” – which have produced a redefinition of the concept of “war” and its modalities of concrete expression on a global scale. This redefinition challenges both academia and politics about the possibility of envisaging new spaces for the Republic’s participation in war scenarios, either directly or through the provision of war materials to a nation involved in armed conflict. In this sense, the international commitments undertaken by the Republic cannot in any way lead the republican institutions to pursue goals that are inconsistent with or even openly contrary to one of the fundamental principles of the Republic, which is represented by the formula that sees Italy as a promoter of peace
Un autre pacte biographique: variations autour de la biographie chez Emmanuel Carrère
No full textDans la production littéraire d’Emmanuel Carrère, le discours biographique au sens le plus large occupe une place non négligeable à tel point qu’il a progressivement substitué la fiction pour devenir la forme à travers laquelle l’auteur appréhende le réel. L’approche que Carrère privilégie relève d’un rapport chaque fois renouvelé avec les modèles et les codes biographiques ainsi que d’une mixité des genres qui, d’une œuvre à l’autre, réinvente le projet biographique en l’adaptant au sujet biographié, à l’enjeu que l’œuvre poursuit et au contexte politique, historique, social et éthique dans lequel elle s’insère. L’article analyse le parcours de l’auteur de la biographie romancée Je suis vivant et vous êtes morts (1993) à la prose non-fictionnelle de L’Adversaire (2000), de l’autobiographie d’Un roman russe (2007) à l’essai-fiction sous forme biographique que représente Limonov (2011), en passant par le témoignage de vies ordinaires que constitue D’autres vies que la mienne (2009) qui réinterprète les Vies imaginaires de Marcel Schwob. Emmanuel Carrère alterne une variante des vies de personnages illustres ou exemplaires aux récits de “vies minuscules” qu’il hisse au rang de sujets majeurs, en nourrissant toujours davantage le récit d’évocations au sujet de sa vie et de celle de ses proches. L’évolution du discours biographique dessine ainsi un cheminement qui de la biographie mène à l’autobiographie et au récit de filiation, montrant comment le sujet contemporain se cherche et se représente dans son rapport à l’autre
Option pricing in a sentiment-biased stochastic volatility model
No full textThis paper presents a Markov-modulated stochastic volatility model that captures the dependency of market regimes on investor sentiment. The main contribution lies in developing a modified version of the classical Heston model by allowing for a sentiment-driven bias in the volatility of the asset. Specifically, a two-factor Markov-modulated stochastic volatility model is proposed, integrating a diffusion coefficient in the risky asset dynamics and a correlation parameter influenced by both the volatility process and a continuous-time Markov chain accounting for the sentiment-bias. Diverging from conventional approaches in option pricing models, this framework operates under the real-world probability measure, necessitating considerations about the existence of an equivalent martingale pricing measure. The purpose of this paper is to derive a closed formula for the pricing of European-style derivatives and to fit the model on market data through a suitable calibration procedure. A comparison with the Heston benchmark model is provided for a sample of Apple, Amazon, and Bank of America stock options