ARUd’A (Università “G. d’Annunzio CHIETI -PESCARA)
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Vitalidade linguística do português brasileiro como língua de herança
No full textConsiderando os dados mais recentes do Ministério das Relações Exteriores (MRE) sobre a diáspora brasileira, o presente estudo propõe uma análise do português brasileiro como língua de herança (PBLH), à luz dos paradigmas teóricos dos estudos sobre vitalidade linguística (Berruto, 2009; Carli, 2009).
Do ponto de vista da linguística, o conceito de vitalidade revela-se mais adequado do que o termo “manutenção”, frequentemente empregado na literatura especializada sobre português como língua de herança — especialmente no que diz respeito ao português brasileiro (PB).
A definição precisa de quem são os falantes de herança mostra-se igualmente crucial, tanto para delimitar os contornos metodológicos de qualquer investigação sobre o PB como língua de herança (PLH), quanto para a constituição de um corpus representativo que permita mensurar o grau de vigor e estabilidade dessa variedade linguística no contexto da diáspora.
Tais pressupostos e definições podem colaborar na promoção de políticas linguísticas mais adequadas e eficazes
Dynamic spatial regimes for spatial panel data
No full textSpatial heterogeneity in terms of spatially-varying coefficients is often not properly considered in modeling economic data. This neglect might cause serious problems in the estimation of the parameters of a model specification when group-wise heterogeneity is at work. In this paper we propose a two-step algorithm for the identification of endogenous (data-driven) spatial regimes by using an iterative procedure that is based on weighting functions updated dynamically over time. In the first step, clusters of spatial units (i.e. spatial regimes) are defined using both space and time information. In the second step, a spatial panel data model with random effects is estimated with the spatial regimes identified in the previous step. The additional random effects assumption on the model specification ensures the possibility of controlling also for individual effects as well as group-wise slope coefficients. The proposed method is applied to two real data sets to illustrate our procedure
The nexus of MICE tourism in smart cities: understanding its effects and complexities with urban mobility and crime
No full textThis study examines the effect of MICE tourism in cities by analysing its relationship with urban mobility practices and crime within current smart city projects. To date, the extant tourism literature on meetings, incentives, conventions, and exhibitions (MICE) tourism primarily focuses on value co-creation in the tourism industry, overlooking its integration into the urban environment for (i) city (and smart city) projects and (ii) its nexus with social aspects such as crime, which influences and shapes the urban environment. Considering 30 Italian cities over 13 years, this study employs a spatial-panel data approach to disentangle these relationships. The estimated results demonstrate that while urban mobility practices are highly responsive to MICE tourism, they are influenced by imbalances from increased users and visitors, which in turn affects urban security. This dynamic reduces the positive effect of MICE tourism on urban mobility, creating imbalances that public managers and policymakers must address. Practical implications are suggested to harness the potential of MICE tourism in current smart city projects
Incidence of RSV-related hospitalizations among elderly: a retrospective study from Italy
No full textRSV is one of the most common causes of acute respiratory infections in both children and adults over 60. RSV can cause severe lower respiratory tract infections in older adults, leading to an increase of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of hospitalizations due to RSV infections in the Abruzzo region, Italy, among patients aged over 60 years. A retrospective study was performed in the Abruzzo region evaluating all admission performed during the years 2018-23. Data was collected from the hospital discharge records (HDRs), including all admissions occurred during the study period. Only admission of patients aged over 60 years were included. In the study were included only HDRs reporting specific ICD-9-CM codes: RSV acute bronchiolitis (466.11), RSV pneumonia (480.1), RSV positivity (079.6), acute unspecified bronchiolitis (466.19) and viral unspecified pneumonia (480.9). Based on the literature, roughly 9% of viral unspecified infections were attributed to RSV, so the RSV infection rate was estimated also for unspecified infections. Age and gender standardized hospitalization rates for RSV were estimated. The Joinpoint model was used to evaluate the trend estimating the average annual percent change (AAPC). In the study period, 42 (13.13%) RSV-related hospitalizations, 98 (30.63%) admissions for unspecified bronchiolitis and 180 (56.25%) for unspecified viral pneumonia were reported. An increasing trend was recorded, with an annual percentage change of + 14.81%. An increasing incidence was recorded between 2018 and 2020 (from 0.81 to 4.41), a subsequent decrease was highlighted from 2020 to 2022 (from 4.41 to 2.02), and a new increase was recorded in 2023 (3.60). The median length of hospital stay in patients with RSV was 11 days (IQR 6-18) and 4 patients (9.52%) died during the admission. This paper also confirmed increasing evidence that highlights the significant role of RSV in elderly patients. Key messages • An increasing trend was observed in admissions during the study period. • RSV represents a significant cause of admission among elderly
Clinical Oral Anatomy in Clinical Dental Practice: A Scoping Review
No full textSUMMARY: Medical and Surgical education and practice rely on the knowledge of clinical anatomy. In the case of the oro-facial region, there are different nervous and vascular structures labeled as “noble”, due to their importance in innervating and supplying organs and tissues involved in the correct oral functions. The purpose of this scoping review is to evaluate and identify the high-risk of anatomical variations in the middle and lower third of the face, according to the current trend in recent literature about this topical research. Four different databases (Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science) were screened, to identify articles published from 2014 to 2024. Authors followed the PRISMA for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. From a total of 7954 retrieved items, 5 studies were included that investigated the anatomical variations of the mandibular canal, the mandibular incisive canal (MIC), the mandibular lingual foramina, the greater palatine nerve (GPN), the maxillary wisdom teeth, respectively. Considering the middle third of the face, the GPN and the great variability of the relationship of upper third molars with the maxillary sinus could be considered critical anatomical factors. As regards the lower third of the face, the mandibular canal, the mandibular lingual foramina and the MIC emerged as significant structures to be particularly aware of
Overcoming Pain and Kinesiophobia: Unlocking the Path to Better Knee Osteoarthritis Rehabilitation
No full textObjectives: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rehabilitation aims to assess the impact of pain reduction on kinesiophobia and outpatient welfare, emphasizing the interconnectedness of biopsychosocial factors in the rehabilitative process. Methods: The study involved a sample of KOA patients undergoing outpatient physical therapy. Forty patients (n = 40), aged 40–88, with acute or chronic knee osteoarthritis (Kellegren-Lawrence staging score I–II–III) were collected in Patients undergoing physical therapy using quantum molecular resonance (QMR) technology. The analysis employed a cross-lagged panel model to examine the relationships between perceived pain, kinesiophobia, and quality of life during the rehabilitative plan. Results: Rehabilitation significantly reduced pain levels and kinesiophobia while improving the quality of life for outpatients. The analysis demonstrated that pain reduction had a substantial causal influence on kinesiophobia and life conditions, both immediately following treatment and during follow-up. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of considering biopsychosocial factors in KOA rehabilitative treatment, highlighting the dynamic interplay between pain perception, kinesiophobia, and quality of life throughout the rehabilitation process
Supercomplexity: bridging the gap between aesthetics and cognition
No full textThis study presents a cognitive neuroscience framework for understanding what we term “supercomplex experiences,” a concept describing experiences that simultaneously engage multiple neural networks and cognitive faculties in ways that resist decomposition into simpler processes. Drawing on recent advances in network neuroscience, we argue that these experiences emerge from the coordinated activity of distributed brain systems, including the salience network, default mode network, and central executive network. These experiences are distinguished by five essential characteristics: (1) simultaneous engagement of multiple neural networks, (2) specialized neural architectures developed through training, (3) specialized conceptual frameworks and vocabularies, (4) emergent properties from dynamic interactions, and (5) coherent gestalt properties. Through examination of expert performance in domains such as wine tasting, musical performance, visual art, perfumery, and several others we reveal how these experiences are characterized by sophisticated integration of sensory, emotional, and cognitive processes, implemented through dynamic network interactions and expertise-dependent neural plasticity. Our framework emphasizes three key mechanisms underlying supercomplex experiences: predictive processing architectures that generate and update multi-level predictions, expertise-dependent network reorganization that enables enhanced sensory discrimination and conceptual integration, and dynamic network flexibility that supports adaptive processing of complex stimuli. While acknowledging debates between different theoretical approaches, we show how interoceptive predictions and embodied simulations, implemented through the anterior insula and related networks, provide a foundation for integrating bodily signals with external sensory input. The development of expertise in domains characterized by supercomplex experiences involves significant modifications of neural architecture, from local circuit refinement to large-scale network reorganization. This work extends beyond existing frameworks in cognitive neuroscience by providing a mechanistic account of how the brain processes and generates richly textured, multifaceted experiences that have previously been studied primarily through separate disciplinary lenses. The framework has implications for understanding expertise development, individual differences in complex skill acquisition, and the neural bases of sophisticated cognitive-perceptual capabilities
Architettura del corpo. Architecture of the body
No full textQuesto è un autoritratto disegnato, che utilizza l’analogia tra corpo e architettura come sistema operativo. Le mani costruiscono, in determinate posizioni, spazi che possono assumere funzioni specifiche. Parlare di architettura del corpo significa parlare del rapporto tra natura e architettura, due realtà che non sono disgiunte ma contenute l’una all’interno dell’altra
The role of perseverative cognition and heart rate variability in high trait anxiety
No full textAnxiety is increasingly understood as a multidimensional phenomenon, shaped by the interaction of cognitive, emotional, and physiological processes. Dysregulation within these systems is thought to contribute both to the onset and to the persistence of anxious symptoms. Among cognitive factors, worry and rumination have been identified as key vulnerabilities, as they amplify physiological arousal and disrupt autonomic regulation. Heart rate variability (HRV), a robust index of autonomic flexibility, has been consistently linked to emotion regula- tion, with lower HRV reflecting greater susceptibility to anxiety-related dysfunctions. The present study tested an integrative model of anxiety by examining both cognitive (worry and rumination) and physiological (HRV) markers in a non-clinical sample. Seventy-nine participants (45 female, 34 male) completed standardized self- report measures of worry and rumination and underwent a resting-state HRV assessment. We hypothesized that both cognitive and physiological indices would predict self-reported anxiety, and that their joint consid- eration would distinguish individuals with high versus low trait anxiety. Results supported these hypotheses: HRV and cognitive vulnerabilities independently, as well as in combination, accounted for variance in anxiety levels. These findings highlight the relevance of a psychophysiological perspective, suggesting that altered co- ordination between cognitive and autonomic systems may serve as an early marker of anxiety risk, with im- plications for detection and preventive intervention
Factors influencing nurses and nursing students' attitudes towards vaccinations: A cross-sectional study
Full text linkBackground: Vaccination hesitancy remains the main obstacle to improving vaccination coverage. Influenza and COVID-19 vaccination coverage among healthcare professionals is essential. It is crucial to study the vaccination attitudes of healthcare professionals as they significantly influence the vaccination attitudes and behaviour of the rest of the population. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the attitudes of Finnish nurses and nursing students towards COVID-19 and Influenza vaccination and explain what factors influence these attitudes. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting and participants: A total of 1353 nurses from five hospital organisations and 580 nursing students from eight Universities of Applied Sciences participated in the survey. Participants were invited to complete the questionnaire through Webropol between March and September 2023. Methods: To collect data anonymously, a self-reported web-based questionnaire combining the Vaccination Attitude Examination (VAX) scale and Bergen's Social Media Addiction (BSMA) scale was used. K-means cluster analysis was performed to describe vaccination attitude profiles. Results: Four distinct vaccination attitude profiles were identified: Profile A - Confident Pro-Vaccine (n = 605) exhibited low hesitancy, with high confidence in vaccine safety and effectiveness; Profile B – Cautiously Pro-Vaccine (n = 764) showed moderate hesitancy, mainly concerned about unforeseen future effects; Profile C - Hesitant with Mistrust (n = 405) expressed high hesitancy, with significant worries about vaccine safety and mistrust in health authorities; and Profile D – Strongly Vaccine-Hesitant (n = 159) demonstrated very high hesitancy, marked by strong beliefs in potential long-term negative effects of vaccination. Significant differences in VAX-scale mean scores were found between the profiles, ranging from 1.27 for Profile A to 6.65 for Profile D. Overall, nursing students were more hesitant than practising nurses, with students being overrepresented in the more hesitant profiles. Clinical training in a COVID-19 unit was associated with more favourable vaccination attitudes among nursing students. The uptake of the full series of COVID-19 and annual Influenza vaccines was generally high in the sample (90.8 % and 87 %, respectively). However, a clear pattern between specific social media use and vaccination attitudes was not found. Major concerns related to vaccine hesitancy focused on the uncertainty of vaccines' long-term effects. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the complex nature of vaccination hesitancy among nurses and nursing students. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address underlying concerns and promote vaccine acceptance within this demographic. In future research, it would be essential to gather more in-depth knowledge, particularly regarding nursing students' attitudes towards vaccination and the factors influencing them