Te Kaharoa (E-Journal)
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Exploring Te Kooti’s 1886 Te Umutaoroa prophecy as a climate adaptation framework: Prophetic reflections inspired by the Toi Rito Toi Rangatira programme
Full text linkThis paper is the beginning point of reflecting on and exploring the 1886 Te Umutaoroa prophecy, given by Te Kooti Arikirangi Te Tūruki, as a climate adaptation framework, inspired by the Toi Rito Toi Rangatira - Rangatahi Climate Leadership Programme. Selected by my hapū, Patuheuheu and Ngāti Haka, I joined this programme aimed at rangatahi Māori involved in Deep South Research projects. Despite initial reservations about my age, my kaumātua encouraged my involvement, seeing potential benefits for our hapū. The programme was transformative, enriching my understanding of climate leadership and integrating contemporary perspectives with traditional wisdom. This experience led to a deeper exploration of the Te Umutaoroa prophecy, promising restoration of land, dignity, and sovereignty. The prophecy’s eight mauri provide a foundation for a hapū-centred climate adaptation framework. Climate change, driven by industrialisation, threatens ecosystems, and Māori communities, are particularly vulnerable. Integrating mātauranga Māori with scientific methods offers holistic, culturally meaningful solutions. Te Umutaoroa’s principles—spirituality, land stewardship, hapū well-being, faith/belief, healing, discovering hidden potential, conflict resolution, and returning to ancestral lands—guide potential adaptation strategies. This paper presents Te Umutaoroa as a framework to strengthen the resilience of Patuheuheu and Ngāti Haka against climate change, advocating for further research and collaboration to refine and implement these strategies, ensuring they align with hapū values
The Hei metaphor: An emerging conceptualisation of research from Solomon Islands
Full text linkWestern research paradigms have dominated the area of educational research. Recently, Indigenous research paradigms have emerged to help Pacific scholars in their research activities. The dominance of Western research paradigms can be a problem for understanding indigenous cultures because communities perceive the world differently. The benefit for Pacific Indigenous researchers is to conceptualise concepts and metaphors that capture the relevance of what they are doing or studying as part of their communities. There are some existing Pacific research analytical frameworks such as the Kakala research framework from Tonga or the Fijian Vanua research framework. The purpose of this paper is to present an emerging Pacific research framework from the Solomon Islands context, the Hei concept. The Hei concept is useful as it relates the Western notion of research to the traditional Solomon Islands process of collecting and preparing the Canarium indicum nut (known as ngali nuts in Solomon Islands), which can be understood as a metaphor for the collaborative and collective approach to the collection and analysis of data in research. This metaphorical understanding of research provides a useful analytical framework for novice researchers from small island developing nation states (SIDNS) in the Pacific
A climate adaptation model for Māori groups, Aotearoa, New Zealand
No full textClimate change is a global issue affecting Aotearoa/New Zealand and the wider world. It is primarily driven by human activities, particularly the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels, with its impacts widely felt (WWF, 2024). Indigenous groups around the world are severely affected by climate change. These impacts affect cultural practices, increase health risks within indigenous communities and exacerbate existing inequalities that they face (Green et al., 2009; Abate & Kronk, 2013; Jones, 2019). In Aotearoa New Zealand, Māori are among the groups that are especially vulnerable to these effects, facing unique challenges stemming from colonisation, urbanisation and their deep spiritual and physical connection to the land (Marques et al., 2020; Ministry of Environment, 2022a; Macinnis-Ng et al., 2024). Climate change threatens Māori cultural knowledge and practices and their health and well-being (MftE, 2023). With adverse effects of climate change expected to worsen over time, adaptation is pivotal in minimising the damage it can cause. Adaptation not only lessens the impact of climate change but also helps deal with its consequences by taking appropriate action as well as maximising opportunities. The primary focus of this article is climate adaptation as it pertains to Māori groups, including iwi, hapū, Māori communities, Māori entities and Māori land trusts. A literature review on climate adaptation models highlights a gap in models designed for Māori groups. Given this gap, there is an urgent need for climate-adaptation models designed for Māori groups that incorporate a Māori perspective (MftE, 2022). This article addresses this gap by presenting a climate adaptation model, ‘Nekenekehia i te Taiao,’ designed to assist Māori groups in tackling climate adaptation challenges. Additionally, it is hoped that this article inspires further discussions on Māori-led climate adaptation models for Māori.  
Indigenising Heritage: Tāmaki Makaurau/Auckland’s Architectural Heritage – Challenging a Monocultural Construct
Full text linkThe purpose of this work is to explore how indigenous heritage has been both under-represented and misrepresented in colonial and post-colonial architecture in Tāmaki Makaurau/Auckland, the largest city in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This work combines case-studies with a review of conceptual material relating to multi-cultural perceptions of heritage, and their manifestations in a modern cityscape. Included in this approach is a consideration of indigenous perspectives on the built environment. What emerges from surveying this confluence of culture and heritage is that the popular portrayal of the city’s built past is confined to the colonial era and onwards, and that this has had the effect of associating Tāmaki Makaurau/Auckland’s architectural heritage with its European history – so much so that even depictions of Tāmaki Makaurau/Auckland’s Māori built heritage occur primarily in the context of European architecture
A kin community study: Utilising whakapapa as a research methodology
Full text linkCentral to Māori culture is whakapapa. Whakapapa can be defined in several ways, such as genealogy or taxonomic framework. A fundamental element of whakapapa is the connections between people, land and entities. Whakapapa is a holistic concept that embraces the natural (physical) and spiritual worlds. It can act as both a theoretical and practical platform for research. It also provides an ethical, respectful and appropriate way to conduct research with Māori communities by revealing their perspectives, experiences and priorities. This article discusses how whakapapa can be utilised as a research methodology for a Māori kin community study. Whakapapa is a complex and multilayered concept that encompasses many components. This article examines the layers of whakapapa, defining what it is and its critical components. Then, it explains how whakapapa can be utilised as a research methodology for a Māori kin community study. It draws on my doctoral study to demonstrate how whakapapa can be successfully utilised as a research framework to understand, explain, and interpret knowledge and information regarding a kin community
Navigating the awa - The story of a Māori doctoral student's journey from start to completion of a PhD
Full text linkThis paper explores the journey of a Māori doctoral student navigating the awa (river) and emphasizes the importance of embedding cultural frameworks in postgraduate research supervision for Indigenous Māori doctoral students. It also considers the key factors necessary for effective cultural supervision.
The paper presents a narrative of the dual journey undertaken by a first-in-family Māori doctoral student, who completed a doctoral qualification while simultaneously strengthening connections within te ao Māori (the Māori world). The narrative provides insights into the researcher’s experiences, which led to the development of an Indigenous methodology model called ‘XXXXX’. Drawing on the experiences of a Māori doctoral candidate at AUT, this paper reflects on time spent with XXXX and efforts to strengthen connections to whakapapa (genealogies) and tūrangawaewae (the place where one has the right to stand)
Ancestral Footsteps: Te Heke ki Korotuaheka
Full text linkRetracing one’s ancestral roots and routes has been a growing point of interest for many, but with the additional support of ancestral websites such as AncestryDNA and Ancestry.com, genetic curiosity is gathering personal, familial and global momentum. For Indigenous communities whose lives have been disrupted by colonisation, these hīkoi (treks) are an important process of reclaiming ancestral linkages, reconnecting with ancestral whenua (land), reawakening Indigenous knowledge and thus reigniting intergenerational interest. In Aotearoa, there is also a growing desire to follow tīpuna foosteps throughout the whenua, to gain an insight and experience the challenges of their tīpuna journeys. In December 2016, several trekkers documented their experiences through whānau journals as they followed the return ancestral trails of the last prophet and tohuka of Te Wai Pounamu (South Island) Te Maihāroa (1800-1886) and his people on Te Heke ki Te Ao Mārama, The Migration to Ōmārama (1877-79)
Reflecting on Service Part I: Te Tiriti o Waitangi in university ethics
Full text linkThis article presents a reflective commentary or thinkpiece written as a Māori member of an internal committee established to review the ethics ecosystem of my employer university. There could be few better contexts for considering how university policy and practice might be guided by Māori ethical concepts. I present brief introductions to the concepts that make up the generalised Māori worldview, and end with a practical suggestion for the ethics application form. To conduct meaningful discussions it is necessary to be specific, but this work is still worth publishing since others may find it a useful example, both in its substance and in its approach
Reflecting on Service Part II: Mātauranga Māori and the School of Science
Full text linkThis is a reflective commentary or thinkpiece paper written as the only Māori member of the internal panel convened to review the curriculum and operations of the School of Science of AUT, my employer university. It is a personal viewpoint intended as an input for the deliberations of the panel in writing their report. It is the second of two related papers on the depth and breadth of the thinking required of a Māori academic like myself, charged with representing the urgent issues under the heading of Te Tiriti o Waitangi currently facing all eight local universities within the peripheral local academy of Aotearoa New Zealand
Who is the language policy for? Translation discrepancies and their implications to (dis)trust
Full text linkThis paper investigates the impact of language policy translation as a discursive action on historical and political mechanisms of trust within the context of Indigenous language revitalization in Taiwan. Combining a critical discourse studies approach and translation theories, we examine the translation discrepancies between the Chinese source text and the English translation of Tawain’s Indigenous Language Development Act (2017). We focus on the analysis of the interpersonal meanings conveyed by two Chinese modal verbs (ying/應 and de/得), aiming to elucidate how Taiwan’s Government positions itself within both language versions. The findings suggest that the government constructs itself as more actively responsible for the Indigenous language development in the English version. This strategic move reflects the government’s commitment to enhancing Taiwan’s international reputation as the English version is meant for global audiences. Considering language policy is inherently ideological with the government’s political intentions, we discuss the implication of distrust created by the translation discrepancy. This study highlights that language policy translation can be recontextualized to suit a government’s political agendas and ideological appropriations