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Prison Worlds: An Ethnography of the Carceral Condition by Didier Fassin. Cambridge: Polity Press (2020) 302 pp.
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La minoría insurgente: Secuelas de las madres guerreras en La Araucana
Get PDFFrom the “Prologue” to the first part of La Aracuana, women are doubly generative for the Araucanian insurgency since they not only give birth to and raise future warriors, but also join their ranks in a pregnant state. In conversation with feminist thinkers and historians of childhood, I propose that the Araucanian warrior mothers not only serve to indicate Indigenous alterity, but also reveal the Araucanian problem experienced on the battlefield that Ercilla attempted to address with innovations of epic tropes throughout the three parts of La Araucana. On the literary field, the characters of Guacolda, Lauca, and Fresia wield a model for eradicating the insurgent minority through pacification and birth control.Desde el “Prólogo” a la primera parte de La Araucana, las mujeres resultan doblemente generativas para la insurgencia araucana ya que no sólo paren y crían a futuros guerreros, sino que también engrosan sus filas en estado gestante. En conversación con pensadoras feministas e historiadores de la infancia propongo que las madres guerreras araucanas no solo sirven de muestra de la alteridad indígena, sino que además ponen de manifiesto el problema araucano experimentado en el campo de batalla que Ercilla intentó resolver a lo largo de las tres partes de La Araucana a partir de innovaciones de tropos épicos. En el terreno literario, los personajes de Guacolda, Tegualda, Glaura, Lauca y Fresia esgrimen un modelo de erradicación de la minoría insurgente mediante la pacificación y el control de la natalidad
Insufficient Ophthalmology Exposure in Canadian Medical Schools
No full textOphthalmological education is crucial for physicians of all fields and the current medical school education system in Canada does not provide students with sufficient training to adequately address certain common ocular conditions. Students can graduate their medical school with often one to two weeks of exposure to ophthalmology over the course of their three to four-year degree. A method to improve the ophthalmological training involves implementing established guidelines from the International Council of Ophthalmology, which lists attainable and specific objectives for medical students to complete by graduation
On a Positive Note: Current Genetic Strategies Promises a Revolutionary Transformation for the Future of Medicine
No full textThe “New” in Science and Art: Explorations into the Two-Culture Divide through Kuhnian-Cavellian Thought
Get PDFConventionality and novelty — these two concepts came to occupy a prominent role in the philosophical discussions on both sciences and the arts in the second half of the twentieth century. These domains had established themselves as two autonomous and very different expressions of human creativity. Though they represent two ways of interpreting the world, the two cultures getting polarized to the extent of denying any imbrications is an unpleasant scenario. Discourses addressing the growing divorce between the sciences and the arts began to take shape in the 1950s. In the science world, methodological pluralism and a consequent multiplicity of truth(s) shattered the positivist view of scientific progress as an advancement towards a single, unchanging, worldview. With “progress” in science itself becoming a dubious concept, the status of science as a progressive discourse began to look like an exaggerated claim. The absence of ahistorical, atemporal truth foregrounds conventions as the decisive factor for the knowledge claims constituting the body of science, as exemplified by Thomas Kuhn’s idea of the paradigm. Around this time, when the conventionality of knowledge was coming to prominence, similar ideas emphasizing the conventionality of art appeared in philosophical discourse. 
La gallina ciega de Max Aub. Procesos de subjetivación y estrategias biopolíticas en la España del tardofranquismo
Get PDFThis article explores Spain’s consumerist and depoliticized society established in the 1960s, the so-called “developmentalist” or “technocratic” decade of Franco’s state, through the prism of Max Aub’s novel La gallina ciega (1972), as well as its subjective effects on the Spanish people: conformism, individualism, depoliticization. Theoretically drawing on Michel Foucault’s notion of “biopolitics” and the reinterpretation of this notion by Gilles Deleuze (“society of control”), the article focuses on the new strategies of subjectivation and socialization (i.e., “mesocratic” consumerism, culture of entertainment, cultural patriotism, the discourse of “social peace,” the obliteration of memory), all enabled by the so-called economic “miracle” of the 60s and their broader implications for the social body of Spain.El presente artículo propone una lectura de La gallina ciega (1972) de Max Aub para examinar cómo el autor visibiliza y cuestiona la sociedad de mercado individualista y consumista establecida en el Estado franquista durante la década “desarrollista” y “tecnócrata” así como los efectos subjetivos que ese modelo de sociedad tuvo y ha tenido en la ciudadanía española: conformismo, individualismo, desideologización. Sirviéndome de la noción de “biopolítica” de Michel Foucault y de una de las actualizaciones de la misma propuesta por Gilles Deleuze (“sociedad de control”), mi estudio de la obra aubiana gira en torno a cómo las nuevas estrategias de subjetivación y socialización (el consumismo mesocrático, la cultura del ocio, el patriotismo cultural, el discurso de los “25 años de paz” o la borradura del pasado histórico), facilitadas por el “milagro” económico de los años 60, se inscribieron exitosamente en los cuerpos y vidas de los españoles
Sir Francis Drake’s Caribbean Raid (1585-86) and the Rhetoric of Blame
Get PDFThis essay delves into how Sir Francis Drake’s Caribbean raid (1585-86) inspired diverging accounts among English, Iberian, and colonial institutions. Relying on a transatlantic framework, including English and Hispanic literary and historical primary sources, this essay examines the intentions behind said discrepancies, such as the conceptual rearrangement of the terms “enemy” and “pirate,” and the reassertion of imperial ideologies in order to advance individual political ambitions. Beyond Drake’s military siege, the essay argues that the battle between English, Spanish, and colonial forces also embodies the distinctive clash of economic, political, and social values of this period.Este ensayo versa sobre el ataque caribeño de Sir Francis Drake (1585-86) que fomentó la aparición de relatos divergentes producidos por asociados a las coronas inglesa y española. Se utilizará un corpus transatlántico con fuentes primarias literarias e históricas, inglesas e hispánicas, para auscultar las motivaciones de cada autor de dichas narrativas. Se examinará la reconfiguración de los conceptos “enemigo” y “pirata”, y la reiteración de las ideologías imperiales anglo-españolas. Más allá del asedio militar, el ensayo argumenta que el choque entre las fuerzas hispánicas e inglesas representó también la lucha entre valores políticos, económicos y sociales característicos de la época
