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The Relationship Between Religious Health Fatalism and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors of Earthquake Victims: The Example of Türkiye
No full textEarthquakes are natural disasters that cause physical, psychological, social, and environmental damage. Due to the intense psychological impact, victims of earthquakes may associate a fatalistic approach with religion as a mechanism for seeking protection. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between religious health fatalism and healthy lifestyle behaviors among earthquake victims. A comparative analysis was conducted based on sociodemographic factors to compare average scores. A total of 175 individuals who were affected by the earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye in 2023 participated in this descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study. The total Religious Health Fatalism Questionnaire score of the earthquake victims was 54.89 ± 14.68 and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II score was 130.14 ± 19.68. Significant correlations were found between religious health fatalism and healthy lifestyling behaviors of the participating individuals (p < 0.05). It was determined that the independent variables explained 35.7% of the RHFQ score (R2 = 0.357) and 16% of the HLBS-II scale score (R2 = 0.160). Earthquake victims were found to have higher than average levels of religious health fatalism
Biostimulant-driven enhancement of bioactive compounds in salt-stressed sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
No full textBasil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a medicinal and aromatic plant renowned for its bioactive compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, and essential oils. This study aimed to assess the effects of NaCl-induced salt stress on basil and explore comprehensively for the first time the potential mitigating impacts of various biostimulants. A controlled pot experiment was conducted with NaCl concentrations of 0, 50, and 100 mmol, alongside treatments of Bacillus megaterium (BM), Frateuria aurantia (FA), ascorbic acid (AA), and gibberellic acid (GA). The results showed that BM at 50 mmol NaCl significantly enhanced total antioxidant activity (150.40 mg TE g⁻¹) and total phenolic content (242.17 mg GA 100 g⁻¹). GA at non-saline conditions resulted in the highest carotenoid content (3.42 µg g⁻¹ FW), while BM under non-saline conditions achieved the highest flavonoid content (93.33 mg QE 100 g⁻¹). BM and AA treatments significantly increased salicylic and rosmarinic acids, underscoring the biostimulants' role in enhancing basil's biochemical resilience. Furthermore, biostimulants positively influenced morphological parameters such as plant height, root length, herbal weight, and root weight, with GA and BM treatments exhibiting superior performances under varying salt conditions. The correlation analysis indicated complex interactions among the bioactive compounds, providing insights into their potential roles in basil's biochemical response to saline conditions. These findings underscored the potential of biostimulants to mitigate the adverse effects of salt stress, thereby enhancing basil's resilience and productivity in saline environments. © 2025 SAA
Investigation of the Effects of Magnesium, Iron, and Manganese on Gamma Permeability in Zinc-Based Alloys Produced by Powder Metallurgy
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the gamma radiation shielding properties of zinc-based alloys. For this purpose, Zn1Mg, Zn1Mg0.1Mn, Zn3Mg, Zn3Mg0.1Mn, Zn5Mg, Zn5Mg1Fe, and Zn30Mg were produced using powder metallurgy. The mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) for different photon energies was investigated using the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. The half-value layers were also extracted. A comparison of the simulation with the theoretical results of XCOM showed satisfactory agreement (with a percentage difference below 1%). The obtained results for the MAC ranged from 0.8103 to 0.6297 cm2/g, 0.3339 to 0.2806 cm2/g, 0.1340 to 0.1284 cm2/g, 0.07321 to 0.07420 cm2/g, 0.06051 to 0.06164 cm2/g, 0.05469 to 0.05571 cm2/g, and 0.05131 to 0.05201 cm2/g for 81 keV, 122 keV, 245 keV, 662 keV, 964 keV, 1173 keV, and 1332 keV, respectively. The microstructures of all alloys were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction to determine the structural changes caused by doping zinc with different elements. Microstructural studies and gamma permeability measurements of the zinc-based alloys were compatible. © 2025 American Nuclear Society
Behavioral analysis of steel I-beams under repeated dynamic loads: Impact of various impactor head types
No full textThe dynamic loadings to which the structural element is repeatedly exposed cause more damage due to the fatigue effect. In this article, the damage cases formed under the effect of the impact load acting on the weak axis of I-section steel beams under repeated impact loads are investigated and the effect of the geometric shape of the falling weight on the element behavior is evaluated by experimental and numerical methods. A 2000 mm long IPE160 section simply supported beam is subjected to impact load in the weak axis direction. The 100 kg impact load is applied from a height of 2200 mm with a hammer head having three different geometric shapes (rectangular, circular and triangular). Three-dimensional finite element models of the 6 experimental studies were analyzed using Abaqus Explicit software. In order to determine the effect of the geometric shape of the falling weight on the beam behavior under the effect of repeated load; five parameters such as displacement, acceleration, support reaction, stress distribution and plastic strain were investigated. The displacement, acceleration and support reaction formed in the beams were numerically investigated by means of finite element models and compared with the experimental results. The results obtained showed that the maximum deflection and acceleration occurred in the beams hit by the triangle-headed impact crusher. In addition, the largest plastic deformation and stress distribution were observed in the tests performed using triangle-headed impact crushers. In the series I (rectangular), II (circular), III (triangular) test series, the displacement value increased by 44%, 79% and 100%, respectively, compared to the first impact. It is seen that the 2nd degree effects play an important role in the increase of the damage level in the second impacts. It was determined that the maximum reaction force tended to increase from Series I to Series III. This shows that reducing the contact area of the falling weight significantly increases the reaction forces. © 2025 The Author
Finite elements investigations of the effect of different parameters on the retrofitted RC beams with anchored FRP plate
No full textFiber-composites constructed of reinforced polymer have recently acquired popularity as an alternative to other traditional materials used in construction reinforcement. These composites are remarkable because of their low weight, high tensile strength compared to its weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and ease of installation in strengthening and retrofitting structural parts. In this work, using the ABAQUS analytical program’s finite element algorithm to analyze 279 models, the effects of multiple parameters on the behavior of RC beams externally bonded and retrofitted with one of three types of polymeric fibers were investigated. This was achieved by modeling a quarter of the complete beams using the beams’ symmetry, where the cohesive bond model of the FRP-concrete interface and the isotropic elastic characteristics of FRP were applied. Good agreement was found between experimental data and numerical results when the material models were adopted with experimental work. Investigations indicate that a typical collapse happens when the cohesive bond breaks, and that while increasing the shear or concrete strength improves the allowable loading capacity, but it does not completely prevent the debonding failure of the beam. U-wrap anchor applications at the end of external bonding are a partial solution to the problem of early collapse in the more rigid fibers, like carbon fiber polymers. The effect of using U-wrap anchors to reduce early collapse varies depending on the stiffness of the fiber; it is effective in the least rigid fibers, like glass fiber-reinforced polymers, but less effective by increasing the stiffness of the fibers, like aramid fiber-reinforced polymers. Furthermore, increasing the U-wrap anchor width is more effective in eliminating the debonding than increasing its height
Applications of Catalan Neural Network (CaNN) model
No full textIn this paper, we construct Catalan neural network (CaNN) model and examine the nonlinear solvers of the ordinary nonlinear differential equation using the CaNN model with linear and nonlinear activation functions. Using a single-layer functional linking neural network (FLANN) architecture, we extend input models using the first five Catalan polynomials, update network parameters that we initially randomly select, and use error backpropagation algorithms. The CaNN trial solution for solving nonlinear differential equations is in excellent agreement with the analytical solution. Also, the validity of the CaNN method is investigated by treating second-order differential equations of Lane-Emden type as boundary and initial value problems. © 2024 World Scientific Publishing Company
Intelligent vector-based path following guidance law for unmanned surface vehicles
No full textThis study proposes a significant improvement on the classical vector field guidance law. The classical vector field method results in an imaginary number in some cases. In the numerical calculation, the imaginary part of the number is ignored in order to obtain a solution. Neglecting the imaginary part adversely impacts the optimization process, resulting in increased cross tracking errors. The first objective of this study is to modify the classical vector field method in order to obtain real numbers in all scenarios. Owing to this modification, cross tracking errors were reduced by 10% compared to the traditional vector field method. The second goal of this study is to incorporate the surrogate optimization technique into the guidance laws developed in this study (the modified vector field and the robust vector field) to quickly tune the parameters of these guidance laws. The classical vector field and other algorithm improved in this study require optimizing four key parameters. While the unmanned surface vehicle performs the multi-command tasks, determining the optimum values of these four key parameters for each mission increases the computational costs significantly. The proposed intelligent vector-based path following guidance law (which integrates the surrogate optimization technique with the robust vector field) determines optimal parameters approximately 10 times faster than the traditional method (which integrates the genetic algorithm with the classical vector field guidance law)
Gamma radiation and charged particle shielding properties of Polymethyl methacrylate-Bi2O3 composite for medical shielding applications: Synthesis and simulation study
No full textIn this study, the radiation and interaction properties of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) separately mixed with 20% and 10% of Bi2O3 were exper & imath;mentally and computationally evaluated for deployment in medical apron design and other shielding applications. All investigated samples were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS) while the radiation shielding parameters were computed with XCOM and PHITS computer programs The results of the EDS show that carbon (C), oxygen (O), and bismuth (Bi) are the most important elements present in the prepared samples. The SEM result displayed surface anomalies due to a distinct bonding matrix between PMMA and Bi2O3. Results showed that PMMA polymer doped with 20% Bi2O3 displayed the highest shielding characteristics with MAC of 20.74818 cm2/g at 0.015 MeV and 0.02448 cm2/g at 15 MeV photon energy which is significantly higher than some recently developed composites at higher photon energy. Therefore, Polymethyl Methacrylate polymer doped with 20% Bi2O3 should be considered for medical apron design and X-ray and gamma radiation shielding of special electronic installations where flexibility and high adhesion abilities are paramount considerations
Smartphone addiction among elderly individuals: its relationship with physical activity, activities of daily living, and balance levels
No full textBackground: The growing use of smartphones among elderly individuals, driven by social and informational needs, may lead to smartphone addiction, potentially impacting their daily lives. This study aimed to determine whether there is a difference in physical activity, activities of daily living, and balance levels between elderly individuals with and without smartphone addiction. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 94 elderly individuals. Data were obtained using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (Lawton IADL), the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (FAB-T), and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). The participants were divided into two groups according to their SAS-SV scores: those with (n = 45) and those without (n = 49) smartphone addiction. Results: When the groups with and without smartphone addiction were compared, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of Lawton IADL (t = 4.223, p < 0.001), total PASE (t = 7.791, p < 0.001), PASE work-related activity (t = 2.541, p = 0.013), household activity (t = 3.598, p = 0.001), and leisure activity (t = 7.063, p < 0.001). Structural equation modeling showed that Lawton IADL (β = -0.320, p < 0.001), PASE total (β = -0.518, p < 0.001), and PASE work-related activity (β = -0.211, p = 0.033), household activity (β = -0.300, p = 0.002), and leisure time activity (β = -0.483, p < 0.001) subscales had a direct negative predictive effect on SAS-SV. FAB-T had a direct positive predictive effect on total PASE (β = 0.186, p = 0.030) and work-related activity subscales (β = 0.197, p = 0.046). FAB-T had a direct positive predictive effect on Lawton IADL (β = 0.247, p = 0.009), but a direct negative effect on TUG (β = -0.541, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The study determined that smartphone addiction was directly related to the maintenance of physical activity and daily living activities in elderly individuals but did not lead to a change in balance status. Future studies should consider including potential confounders, such as baseline physical fitness, socioeconomic status, and cognitive impairment, in structural equation modeling to provide more comprehensive insights. © The Author(s) 2025
Recycling of borosilicate waste glasses through doping with bismuth (III) oxide (Bi₂O₃): Enhancing the structure and radiation shielding properties
No full textThe present study successfully illustrated the radiation shielding capacities of borosilicate waste glasses enriched with Bismuth(III) oxide (Bi2O3) and their improved physical characteristics. The glass samples, designated as BSG, BSG-10B, and BSG-20B, were carefully fabricated by incorporating 10 % and 20 % Bi2O3 into borosilicate waste glass. This led to enhanced density and hardness, as evidenced by Vickers hardness measurements of 468, 509, and 567 HV, and densities of 2.11, 2.46, and 2.83 g/cm³, respectively. The current study verified that Bi2O3 effectively improved the radiation shielding properties, with the BSG-20B sample exhibiting superior Linear Attenuation Coefficient (LAC) and reduced Half Value Layer (HVL), particularly at lower photon energies, due to bismuth's high atomic number., owing to the high atomic number of bismuth. The PHITS code's accuracy in estimating mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ) was tested, with deviations below 2 % compared to the XCOM database, providing trustworthy simulation results. BSG-20B demonstrated comparable, if not better, performance across all photon energy levels compared to radiation shielding glasses used in commercial applications. This emphasizes its potential as an efficient material for protecting against radiation and as a sustainable solution for managing trash by reusing borosilicate waste. Finally, Among the samples tested, BSG-20B exhibited the best radiation shielding performance, with superior Linear Attenuation Coefficient (LAC) and reduced Half Value Layer (HVL), particularly at lower photon energies, demonstrating its potential as an efficient alternative to traditional radiation shielding materials. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l