International Journal of Emerging Research in Engineering, Science, and Management
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Layer Decomposition based Local Tone Mapping Operator
Get PDFDynamic range of an image directly defines the number of levels it can accommodate in an image. In general, a dynamic range of 256 is in use. Defining dynamic range of an image need to be done by considering the display unit on which the image will be displayed on. If the dynamic range extends over 256, the dynamic range is said to be high dynamic range. This range may extend up to 10,000. This kind of images can’t be displayed on display units which can’t differentiate that many pictorial information. This kind of pictorial information need to be converted so that the regular display units can adapt the format. This must be done without losing much information. This process is very crucial and is done by several tone mapping operators. Tone mapping operators are of two types, global and local. Global tone mapping operators apply same mapping function throughout the image while the local tone mapping operators use different mapping functions for local regions of the image. Though the quality of global TMOs is better, there are many halo effects in the converted image. In this paper, a global TMO based on decomposition is proposed intended to reduce these effects. Image is decomposed in to two layers, base, and detail. A hybrid decomposition and optimization are proposed to improve the quality of converted image
Light Attenuation Prior based Underwater Image Enhancement
Get PDFImages captured underwater usually suffer from color distortion, detail blurring, low contrast, and a bluish or greenish tone due to light scattering and absorption in the underwater medium, which in turn affects the visibility adversely. Underwater image processing schemes are broadly categorized into two groups, restoration methods and enhancement methods. The approach of restoration methods is to assume the effects of underwater environment as degradation but in enhancement, this environment is assumed to be natural and tries to enhance the visual information to next extent. Restoration schemes are proved to give better performance than enhancement schemes. These restoration schemes are further classified as optical imaging methods, polarization methods and prior knowledge methods. The key problems faced by these schemes are excessive optimization parameters, difficulty of recognizing artificial lighting, adapting to multi-scatter scenario, red artifacts and over exposure. A large number of schemes are proposed in the literature under these categories and most of them suffer from one or more of the above-mentioned issues. In this paper, a rapid and effective scene depth estimation model will be proposed based on underwater light attenuation prior for underwater images and train the model coefficients with learning-based supervised linear regression. With the correct depth map, the background light and transmission maps for R-G-B light are easily estimated to recover the true scene radiance under the water
Design and Implementation of New Biorthogonal Wavelets and its Application to Image Processing
Get PDFWavelet transformation has been an interesting field since its exposure with wavelet-based compression standard embedded zerotree wavelet. Though, the origin of wavelets back to many decades, the presence of research at the very beginning of wavelet bases is also being carried out in the research community. This is because of the wide presence of its applicability as well as its structure of adapting to the type of problem at hand. In this paper, an approach of designing biorthogonal wavelets is presented. This approach may be extended to design variety of wavelets. This paper mainly focus on the design steps and corresponding coding in MATLAB. By varying the length, type of the bases and other parameters, different wavelets may be devised
A Case Study of Air India - Maharajah Back to Home
Get PDFAir India, the prestige of Tatas has the history dates to 1930s. The Air India was founded about 90 years ago as Tata Airlines and first ride was taken by the founder himself, J. R. D. Tata from Karachi to Bombay. The journey of Air India is an emotional rather than commercial. The Air India was nationalized by Government of India decades ago, but its progress under national entity is limited only for few decades. When the private carriers came into the field, and because of maintenance with respect to operations and human resource, the Air India was treated to be not only a company with loss, but also as a burdened national entity. In the process of disinvestment by Government of India, the Air India has arrived back at the Tata’s group. In this paper, a case study of Air India was presented covering all major milestones and inferences are presented