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Le comportement des acteurs politiques, cause de l'instabilité politique
No full textInternational audienc
Therapeutic Strategies Targeting the Endocrine-Metabolic-Immunological Response to Trauma: A Systematic Review
No full textInternational audienceBackground: The Endocrine-Metabolic-Immunological Response to Trauma (REMIT) encompasses a complex set of physiological adaptations triggered immediately after trauma events—such as injury, surgery, burns, or haemorrhage—with the aim of restoring homeostasis, maintaining tissue perfusion, and providing the energy needed for survival. Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness, associated risks, and applicability of key therapeutic strategies designed to modulate the endocrine-metabolic-immunological response to trauma (REMIT). The analysis focuses on interventions targeting the endocrine, metabolic, and immunological axes in critically ill or polytraumatized adult patients. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted. Searches were conducted in PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, BVS, and MEDLINE databases from January 2014 to April 2024. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Included studies were original research (clinical trials, cohort studies, experimental models, and systematic reviews) involving adult patients with physical, surgical, or burn trauma. Filters were applied to include only full-text studies published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, involving human adults (≥18 years). Duplicates were removed using Mendeley reference manager. Interventions analysed included glycemic control, nutrition, immunonutrition, beta-blockers, corticosteroids, antioxidants, and DAMP-targeting therapies. Selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment were independently conducted by two reviewers using appropriate tools (ROBIS, Cochrane, NOS). Results: Out of 117 studies screened, 15 were included, covering diverse trauma types and interventions. Early enteral nutrition, immunonutrients, and beta-blockers demonstrated the most positive clinical impact, reducing infectious complications, organ dysfunction, and hospital stay. Experimental therapies like DAMP inhibition and mitochondrial modulation showed promise in animal models. Intensive glycemic control and corticosteroid use had limited benefits and posed risks such as hypoglycemia and immunosuppression. Treatment approaches varied widely depending on trauma type and severity. Conclusion: Effective modulation of REMIT requires integrated, individualised interventions. Early enteral nutrition and immunonutrition are supported by the strongest clinical evidence. Further multicenter trials and biomarker development are needed to optimise therapeutic decision-making and improve outcomes in critical care
ContaminatiOn par les micRoplastiques des Sols des déchArges lIttoRalES (CORSAIRES)
No full textInternational audienc
3D printability criteria for the elaboration of microwaves absorbers
No full textInternational audienc
Histoire(s) de filiations
No full textCette série, Histoire(s) de filiations écrite par Carole Avignon, MCF en histoire du moyen âge (TEMOS, UMR 9016), explore les facettes de l’écriture sonore d’une recherche sur les filiations : comment elles ont laissé une empreinte dans la documentation médiévale, permettant qu’on fasse œuvre d’historien.ne aujourd’hui pour en saisir les traces, les formes, les enjeux dans le fonctionnement des sociétés anciennes ; comment elles peuvent s’exprimer dans littératures contemporaines, et contribuer à la fabrique d’une chambre d’échos sensibles, et comment elles peuvent se raconter aujourd’hui. Deux parties (en forme de deux saisons) : "C'est quoi cette histoire", et "Nos bâtardises". Chaque partie est organisée en séquence qui articule expressions historiennes, musiques et lectures de textes médiévaux ou contemporains. La première partie est organisée en 8 questions qui propose de sensibiliser aux enjeux de la recherche historique sur la bâtardise au Moyen Age, même quand elle se raconte à travers un jeu-vidéo. Cette première saison a été produite en podcast déposé sur la plateforme UA Podcast (https://podcast.univ-angers.fr/histoires-de-filiations/). La deuxième partie comporte actuellement 5 séquences. Travail en cours pour les 8 autres séquences "Conversations" et celles dédiées aux "Portraits". Il propose un cadre d’exposition de savoirs consolidés par des chercheuses et chercheurs en sciences humaines et sociales, mais aussi d’accueillir d’autres voix, d’autres textes, d’autres témoignages, qui pourront donner à entendre d’autres expériences de bâtardises (littéraires ou vécues). Echos (1), Conversations (2) et Portraits (3), c’est en triptyque que se déploie ce projet d’écriture, pour faire signes, et faire sens, pour conduire des interprétations sensibles et intimes aux savoirs consolidés de la méthode historique
Zinc oxide-functionalized hydrophobic cellulose nanofiber aerogel tailored for eliminating conventional ibuprofen tablet from water
No full textA hydrophobic cellulose aerogel having water contact angle of 1490 was fabricated by harnessing the effect of both zinc oxide nanoflakes and stearic acid, and then employed for the elimination of emerging pharma residue Ibuprofen from water. The kinetic experimental data obtained for adsorption process was well suited with pseudo-second order kinetics. The adsorption process was well governed by Langmuir monolayer adsorption and the modified aerogel exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 33.52 mg/g. The hydrophobic aerogel exhibited a removal efficiency of 70 % within 60 min of contact time. Moreover, the efficiency of the adsorption process was also analyzed by altering various parameters such as pH, adsorbate dosage and adsorbent concentration. The adsorption efficiency was maximum at pH 2 and at 60 min of contact time. The elimination of IBP from water by the hydrophobic cellulose aerogel was assisted by hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobichydrophobic interaction occurred between the adsorbent and adsorbate, which was confirmed by the IR spectroscopy and SEM-EDX of the aerogels before and after the IBP adsorption process. The demonstrated work mainly emphasises assessing the practical applicability of the modified aerogel in adsorbing conventional ibuprofen (IBP) tablets directly obtained from the market rather than solely targeting the pharmaceutical ingredient and thereby, this approach could be effectively implemented at the industrial level
Etude des potentialités chimique et biologique d’une espèce d’algue marine de Madagascar Eucheuma denticulatum : valorisation en nutrition et santé
No full textEucheuma denticulatum, a red alga growing in Madagascar, has remarkable nutritional and industrial potential. This thesis explores seasonal variations in its biochemical composition by characterizing its polysaccharides and evaluating the rheological and biological properties of its extracts, with a dual aim: to promote sustainable management and develop applications in food, public health and sustainable algal farming. Seasonal variation is influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, salinity and nutrient availability, affecting the production of bioactive compounds such as carrageenans. Carrageenans, widely used as gelling and thickening agents in the food industry, stand out for their unique texturizing properties. Hot extraction is more efficient than cold extraction, achieving a yield of 66.03% dw thanks to the ability of heat to break down cell walls and release more polysaccharides. FTIR analysis reveals that these polysaccharides are mainly composed of iota-carrageenans, identifiable at a mature stage of their growth. Their rheological properties enable them to be used for specific industrial applications: at the highest concentrations, such as gels, they are quite resistant, thanks in particular to their non-Newtonian behavior and high molecular weights of up to 148,945 and 427,828 g.mol-1. Eucheuma denticulatum polysaccharides are not only used as foodstuffs, but also have significant biological properties, notably anti-fatigue, antioxidant and antiviral. Tests on mice have shown that a dose of 50 mg.kg-1 of polysaccharides significantly increases physical endurance. Summer extracts show high antioxidant efficacy, with low IC50 values, indicating an excellent capacity to neutralize free radicals. Their low toxicity makes them a promising alternative to synthetic antivirals, with polysaccharide antiviral activity ranging from 19.20 to 43.39 µg.mL-1 EC50. The cultivation of this seaweed, based exclusively on marine resources, is ecologically sustainable, preserving biodiversity while offering an innovative solution to Madagascar's nutritional challenges. It also generates significant economic benefits for coastal communities, who can exploit this resource in a sustainable way. Eucheuma denticulatum is thus positioned as a versatile resource, meeting the needs of various industrial sectors while providing innovative solutions. Its sustainable cultivation and multiple applications make it a key resource for food security and health in a context of growing environmental pressures.Eucheuma denticulatum, une algue rouge qui pousse à Madagascar, présente un potentiel nutritionnel et industriel remarquable. Cette thèse explore les variations saisonnières de sa composition biochimique en caractérisant ses polysaccharides et en évaluant les propriétés rhéologiques et biologiques de ses extraits, avec une double visée : promouvoir une gestion durable et développer des applications dans l'alimentation, la santé publique et l'algoculture durable. La variation saisonnière est influencée par des facteurs environnementaux tels que la température, la salinité et la disponibilité des nutriments, ce qui affecte la production de composés bioactifs comme les carraghénanes. Ces derniers, largement utilisés comme agents gélifiants et épaississants dans l'industrie agroalimentaire, se distinguent par leurs propriétés texturants uniques. L'extraction à chaud, plus efficace que l'extraction à froid, permet d'atteindre un rendement de 66,03 % ps grâce à la capacité de la chaleur à décomposer les parois cellulaires et à libérer davantage de polysaccharides. L'analyse FTIR révèle que ces polysaccharides sont principalement composés d’iota-carraghénanes, identifiables à un stade mature de leur croissance. Leurs propriétés rhéologiques permettent de les utiliser à des applications industrielles spécifiques : aux concentrations les plus élevées comme les gels sont plutôt résistants, en particulier grâce à leur comportement non-newtonien et des poids moléculaires élevés qui peuvent atteindre jusqu’à 148 945 et 427 828 g.mol-1. Au-delà de leurs utilisations alimentaires, les polysaccharides d’Eucheuma denticulatum possèdent des propriétés biologiques notables, notamment antifatigues, antioxydantes et antivirales. Des tests sur des souris ont montré qu'à la dose de 50 mg.kg-1 des polysaccharides augmentaient significativement l'endurance physique. Les extraits estivaux présentent une forte efficacité antioxydante, avec des valeurs d'IC50 faibles, indiquant une excellente capacité à neutraliser les radicaux libres. Leur faible toxicité en fait une alternative prometteuse aux antiviraux synthétiques, avec une activité antivirale des polysaccharides dont l'EC50 est comprise entre 19,20 et 43,39 µg.mL-1. La culture de cette algue, reposant exclusivement sur les ressources marines, est écologiquement durable, préservant la biodiversité tout en offrant une solution innovante aux défis nutritionnels à Madagascar. Elle génère également des avantages économiques significatifs pour les communautés côtières, qui peuvent exploiter cette ressource de manière durable. Eucheuma denticulatum se positionne ainsi comme une ressource polyvalente, répondant aux besoins de divers secteurs industriels tout en apportant des solutions innovantes. Sa culture durable et ses multiples applications en font une ressource clé pour la sécurité alimentaire et la santé dans un contexte de pressions environnementales croissantes
Henri-Irénée Marrou, un laïc professeur en université, théologien de l’histoire
No full textInternational audienc
Systematization of Nursing Care for the Elderly in Primary Health Care: An Integrative Literature Review
No full textInternational audienceBackground: The global increase in life expectancy has intensified the demand for qualified health services aimed at the elderly, particularly within Primary Health Care (PHC). In this context, the Systematization of Nursing Care (SNC) emerges as a fundamental strategy to guide professional practice, ensuring comprehensive, individualized, and continuous care. SNC enables structured nursing actions through standardized methodologies, contributing to the promotion, prevention, and management of health conditions in older adults. Despite its recognized importance, challenges in its application persist, especially in PHC settings, where resource limitations and professional training gaps can hinder its full implementation. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the evidence available in the literature on the Systematization of Nursing Care (SNC) aimed at caring for the elderly in Primary Health Care (PHC). Methods: This is an integrative bibliographic review, with a qualitative approach, carried out between March and April 2025, with searches in the SciELO, LILACS, BDENF and PubMed databases, using descriptors such as “elderly”, “primary health care” and “systematization of nursing care”. Were included 14 articles published between 2019 and 2024, in Portuguese, English or Spanish. Results: The results were organized into three categories: (1) systematized approaches in nursing consultations for the elderly, highlighting the importance of multidimensional assessment and the construction of a care plan; (2) instruments and technologies applied to SNC, such as the use of Electronic Medical Records, CIPE® and mobile applications, which promote standardization and continuity of care; and (3) challenges faced in implementing SNC, such as work overload, lack of specific protocols and deficiencies in professional training. Conclusion: It is concluded that SNC is an essential strategy to qualify care for the elderly in PHC, but its effective implementation still depends on investments in training, infrastructure and valorization of the nursing process. Strengthening these practices is essential for the construction of comprehensive, effective and humanized care, especially in view of the aging population