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Métaphoriser la physique : Traduire le bestseller de Carlo Rovelli en français et en anglais
No full textInternational audienceWith Sette brevi lezioni di fisica (2014), Carlo Rovelli succeeded in turning a book on popular science into an international bestseller. A quantum physicist at the University of Aix-Marseille, Rovelli is also passionate about the history of science and literature, which is perhaps key to the success of his enterprise. This paper aims to investigate the translation of this book into English and French through the prism of its metaphors—a key stylistic element in the book, allowing Rovelli to establish unexpected and poetic analogies with the tangible world and the history of literature. Drawing on existing studies on the translation of metaphors and the use of metaphors in scientific language, this paper sets out to analyze the strategies used by translators to reconstruct the marvelous universe of this book.Carlo Rovelli (1956-) a réussi, avec son Sette brevi lezioni di fisica (2014), à faire d’un livre de vulgarisation scientifique un bestseller international. Physicien quantique et directeur de recherche à l’université d’Aix-Marseille, Rovelli est aussi passionné d’histoire de la science et de littérature, ce qui constitue peut-être la clé du succès de sa vulgarisation. Cette étude vise à investiguer la traduction de ce livre (en anglais et en français) sous le prisme des métaphores, qui constituent un des éléments stylistiques saillants de sa vulgarisation, lui permettant d’établir des analogies inattendues et poétiques avec le monde sensible et l’histoire de la littérature. En nous appuyant sur les études existantes sur la traduction des métaphores et sur l’utilisation des métaphores dans le langage scientifique, nous essayerons d’analyser les stratégies mises en place par les traducteurs pour reconstruire l’univers merveilleux de ce livre
Synthèse et performance des électrodes en carbone poreux sans liants dans les supercondensateurs électrochimiques
No full textInternational audiencePorous binder-free carbon electrodes were obtained by impregnating cellulose filter papers with phenolic resin through soft-salt template synthesis and thermal pyrolysis. These self-standing electrodes were used directly in a supercapacitor device. To understand the impacts of filter paper (FP) thickness on carbon filter paper (CFP) morphology, porosity, and surface functionalities, five different materials were examined. The CFP electrode thickness was adjusted linearly with the FP thickness to produce electrodes ranging from 100 to ∼800 μm. As the thickness of the CFP increased, there was an increase in the specific surface area and oxygen-based functionalities. Electrochemical testing in a 1 M KOH aqueous electrolyte demonstrated that electrode thickness played a key role in electrochemical capacitor (EC) performance, i.e., capacitance enhances linearly when the electrode becomes thinner. For low thicknesses (<280 μm), the capacitance and rate capability decreased slightly with increasing thickness; for high thicknesses, the performance drastically degraded despite the high specific surface area and oxygen surface functionalities. This effect was amplified at high regimes, indicating that high electrode thicknesses and fiber diameters limited electrolyte diffusion in the applied synthesis conditions. Thus, the high material porosity was inaccessible to ion adsorption. Consequently, thinner electrodes showed the highest capacitance (197 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1) and rate capability (81%) values, exceeding those of their traditional binder-electrode counterparts prepared under similar conditions. Finally, for alkali metal hydroxide solutions, 1 M KOH exhibited a cation match with the salt template (KCl), while CsOH achieved additional capacitance retention (88% at 10 A g−1). Complex ion adsorption mechanisms were observed through a quartz crystal microbalance
Phenothiazine-based oxime ester as a photobase generator for thiol-acrylate reactions
No full textInternational audienceIn this work, a previously designed and synthesized phenothiazine-based oxime ester was investigated as a photobase generator for the formation of thiol-acrylate networks through the polymerization of thiol-acrylate reactions and more appealingly the base-catalyzed thiol-acrylate Michael addition reactions. This system accomplished a complete disappearance and a full conversion of the characteristic acrylate peak within 10 min of irradiation with a light-emitting diode (λ = 405 nm) or within 1 or 2 min of the same irradiation source and 24 hours of heat exposure (T = 60 °C). Photobase generation was evidenced using phenol red as a pH-indicator, enabling to confirm the production of methyl amine (CH3NH2) as initiating species. Photoinitiation mechanism through which base reactive species are produced and the reactions by which the thiolacrylate polymerization proceeds were investigated according to the base detection experiments, the obtained real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results, and according to the general photochemical base-generation reactions of oxime-esters. Finally, differential scanning calorimetry scans and Shore A and Shore D hardness experiments have been performed on the polymers obtained to examine their thermal properties and surface hardness features
Schumann, ou l’autre face de la mélomanie gidienne
No full textInternational audience“Schumann, ou l’autre face de la mélomanie gidienne” [“Schumann, or the Other Side of Gidian Musicomania”], Sylvain Ledda and Augustin Voegele (Eds.), Écrire avec Schumann [Writing with Schumann], to be published in 2025. (Symposium. University of Haute-Alsace, 09-10/11/2023.) André Gide initially associated Chopin and Schumann in the same admiration. But his liking for the former was to grow at the expense of the latter, to the point where, in the first version of his Notes sur Chopin [Notes on Chopin], he accompanied his praise of the Pole with attacks on the “vulgarity” of the German. Why such disenchantment, punctuated by sudden resurgences of passion? Precisely because, for Gide, Schumann embodied the disturbing side of passion in music, to which he preferred the serene partisans of beauty, led by Chopin
Schumann, artiste européen?
No full textInternational audience(with Sylvain Ledda), “Schumann, artiste européen?” [“Schumann, a European Artist?”], Sylvain Ledda and Augustin Voegele (Eds.), Écrire avec Schumann [Writing with Schumann], to be published in 2025. (Symposium. University of Haute-Alsace, 09-10/11/2023.) Nietzsche may have described Schumann as an artist who was too national and not enough continental, but the fact remains that the composer’s works influenced the literary and cinematic culture of the entire West – and beyond. We might therefore ask ourselves why there is such a discrepancy between the Nietzschean diagnosis and the “real” posterity of Schumann, his figure and his work
« Je ne sais s'il a écrit d'impérissables choses » : Gide vu par Jules Romains
No full textInternational audience“Je ne sais s’il a écrit d’impérissables choses: André Gide vu par Jules Romains” [“I don’t Know if he wrote Anything Imperishable: André Gide as Seen by Jules Romains”], Paola Codazzi (Ed.), André Gide et ses critiques [André Gide, his Admirers and his Detractors], Paris, Classiques Garnier, submitted, to be published in 2024If we were to believe Jules Romains, André Gide would be: a man of influence... not very influential; a “classic” writer... but not “a classic”; an elder friend of young literature... or an old writer who would like to be one; a (clumsy) Machiavelli of the literary field; a grey eminence... more grey than eminent; a daring and singular author... but perhaps a bit of a plagiarist; an apostle of homosexuality... but who preaches in the wilderness
La musique comme support réflexif en littérature
No full textInternational audience(with Alain Corbellari), “La musique comme support réflexif en littérature” [“Music as a Reflexive Tool in Literature”], Alain Corbellari and Augustin Voegele (Eds.), “Musique et réflexivité de la littérature” [“Music and the Reflexivity of Literature”], Fabula-LHT, to be published in autumn 2024.On more than one occasion, music has been used by writers to reflect on their own practices, which have been subsumed under the label “literature” since the end of the 18th century. Yet this use of music as a mirror in which literature contemplates itself, or rather its images, has taken so many forms that it now seems essential to get to the bottom of it. The four main topics of this issue are: a) Music and literary genres; b) The historicity of music and the historicity of literature; c) Literature = musicality? d) Music, literary reflexivity and the self-reflexivity of works
Interactome characterisation of a protein involved in lipid transport across the mycobacterial membrane : an XL-AP-MS approach.
No full textInternational audienceNowadays, tuberculosis, caused by species belonging to the “Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex” (including M. tuberculosis or M. bovis), remains a significant public health problem, both in human and veterinary medicine (World Health Organization 2022). This is partly due to the resistance to antibiotics targeting the activity of some specific compounds in the membrane. This mycomembrane is one of the specific features of mycobacteria because of the cell wall thickness. It is especially rich in various lipids contributing to the organization and integrity of the bacterial shape (Chiaradia et al. 2017). Therefore, some new therapeutic research is focusing on the interaction between proteins involved in the transport and organization of lipids across the mycomembrane (Bories et al. 2024). However, these proteins remain poorly characterized. Furthermore, study of dynamics and transitory phenomena, such as protein-protein interactions, still presents a challenge for research at an analytical level. In this study, we focused on a transmembrane protein of Mycobacterium smegmatis, a non-pathogenic strain, involved in lipid transport across the mycomembrane: MmpL10. After stabilizing protein-protein interaction by crosslinking, cytosolic proteins were removed and the mycomembrane was isolated by ultracentrifugation. Then, the proteins complexed with the bait (MmpL10) were enriched by affinity purification, identified and quantified by mass spectrometry. This interatomic approach allowed us to identify over 1,500 proteins, 48 of which were significantly enriched with the bait, compared to the control. The data highlighted the presence of proteins that could be involved in lipid transport across the mycobacterial membrane. Precise characterization of the protein complexes interacting with MmpL10 may lead to a better understanding of mycomembrane organization and open up new perspectives for therapeutic research