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Axial external fixator in humerus shaft fractures
No full textThe causes of humeral shaft fractures are mostly high-energy traumas such as falling, hitting, traffic accident, and gunshot wounds. It may also occur as a result of simple falls due to osteoporosis in elderly patients. In surgical treatment, there are options such as intramedullary nail, plate-screw fixation and external fixator treatment. External Fixator Treatment it is the primary treatment option for soft tissue damage, open fractures, gunshot wounds, segmental bone loss, pseudoarthrosis, nonunion, and major vascular injuries. The purpose of the present study was to present the functional results of Axial External Fixator Treatment, which we often apply in humerus shaft fractures in our clinic. A total of 30 patients, who had gunshot wounds, multisystem injuries, open fractures, and advanced age comorbid problems, and who underwent Axial External Fixator Treatment due to humerus shaft fracture between January 2016 and January 2019 were included in the study. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores were used in clinical evaluations. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain intensity in patients subjectively. Also, the results of patients with advanced age comorbid problems were compared with other patients. After a 12-month follow-up, significant improvements were detected in DASH scores. Although fracture union was later in patients with advanced age comorbid problems than in other patients, no differences were detected between union rates, clinical outcomes, and the surgical processes.We think that it is a more appropriate surgical technique than other surgical methods, due to its shorter surgical time and less invasiveness in patients with advanced age, high comorbidity and multisystem damage
Stigmatization of healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: their psychosocial states and the factors affecting them
No full textObjectives: It is assumed that healthcare professionals are directly or indirectly subjected to stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic, impacting their psychosocial health. This study aimed to evaluate the psychosocial status of healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine the factors affecting their exposure to stigma. Methods: This cross-sectional study included all healthcare professionals (n=1132) working in primary and secondary healthcare institutions in Malatya Province. Descriptive questions were asked to measure the stigma experienced by healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and Insomnia Severity Index were used to evaluate psychosocial health status. Results: Of the participants, 68.7% stated that they were exposed to stigma because they are healthcare professionals. The findings indicated that 72.1% of those who felt stigmatized for being a healthcare professional suffered from mod-erate or severe depression, and 66.9% suffered from subthreshold or moderate insomnia. When their current health state was compared with that before the pandemic, 25.0% said that it became worse\much worse. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that most participants had been exposed to stigmatization because they are healthcare professionals. The participants who were exposed to stigma were found to suffer more from de-pression and insomnia. When their current health state was compared with that before the pandemic, one of every four participants stated that it became worse/much worse
Postpartum Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Frequency of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
No full textAim: This study aims to examine the frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in the postpartum period and its relationship with other risk factors. Materials and Methods: Patients who were diagnosed, followed up and treated for gestational diabetes in Malatya Turgut Özal University, Malatya Training and Research Hospital Endocrinology outpatient clinic and who underwent Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in the postpartum period were included. Results: In our retrospective study, 157 patients were included. The mean age was 31.8±5.6 years. After being followed up with her follow-up and treatment throughout the pregnancy, OGTT administered with 75 grams of glucose was performed at the postpartum 8th week. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was detected in 23 patients (14.64%), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in 18 patients (11.46%), and type 2 DM in 17 patients (10.8%). When evaluated in terms of the presence of DM in the postpartum period, no difference was found regarding the history of gestational DM in the anamnesis (p=0.305) and the presence or absence of family history (p=0.095). In terms of the presence of DM, there was a significant difference between the patients receiving insulin therapy and those receiving diet therapy (p=0.001). Conclusion: We can say that type 2 DM development in the postpartum period is associated with high maternal age and an increase in body mass index (BMI). Being pregnant with the ideal weight to be achieved by lifestyle changes may decrease the risk of type 2 DM and diabetes-related complications in the long term
Vascular effects of gestational diabetes can be recognized by carotid intima-media thickness: a prospective case-control study
No full textGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a systemic disease that has poor maternal and fetal health outcomes. Patients who are diagnosed with GDM are more likely to encounter cardiovascular system diseases during pregnancy and after birth. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is used as an early indicator of diseases such as coronary artery disease. This study aims to define the effects of hyperglycemia at an early term using CIMT, maternal and fetal doppler flows in patients diagnosed with GDM. The study included 132 pregnant women who had reached the 24th gestational week. (GDM group n=65, Control group n=67) Comparisons were performed between women with similar demographic characteristics who received a 100-gr oral glucose test (OGT) and GDM diagnosis and who did not. The participants’ routine hemograms and biochemical tests were done during OGT. Fetal biometrics, amniotic fluid index, uterine artery doppler flow, and bilateral CIMT measurements were performed during the obstetric examinations. Gravida, para, and live birth rates of the GDM group participants were higher than those of the control group (p=0.003, 0.002, 0.002 respectively). The amniotic fluid index was found to be higher in the GDM group (p0.05). When the doppler measurements were compared, umbilical artery pulsatility index values were discovered to be similar between the groups (p=0.509). While the right uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index was higher in the GDM group (p<0.001), no statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of the left UtA pulsatility index (p=0.485). Right and left CIMTs were higher in the GDM group (p=0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively). While in the GDM group there was a positive correlation between the thrombocyte level and uterine artery resistance (r=0.336, p=0.006; r=0.397, p=0.044 respectively), no similar correlations were found in the control group. This study found that GDM patients had inflammation, increased resistance in uterine artery flow, and increased CIMT. It has been shown, there is a correlation between CIMT and glucose levels and between thrombocytosis and UtA resistance in GDM patients. Uterine artery doppler data and CIMT measurements could be used as an indicator of systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease in patients with GDM
The Role of the Low-Density Lipoprotein/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio as an Atherogenic Risk Factor in Young Adults with Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study
No full textDyslipidemia is a major atherogenic risk factor for ischemic stroke. Stroke patients tend to have high levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Therefore, it is noteworthy that there has been an increase in ischemic stroke cases in young and elderly individuals in recent years. This study investigated the TC/HDL-C ratio and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, which may be more specific and common lipid parameters in young patients with ischemic stroke. This study aimed to demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios as atherogenic markers for young adult ischemic strokes. This trial was conducted as a retrospective case-control study. A total of 123 patients (patient group) and 86 healthy individuals (control group) aged 18-50 years were randomly selected from four different hospitals. Lipid parameters and TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were compared between these two groups. The mean age was 38.8 +/- 7.3 years in patients and 37.7 +/- 9 years in controls (p > 005). The HDL-C levels were 39.1 +/- 10.8 mg/dL in patients and 48.4 +/- 13.8 mg/dL in controls (p < 0.001). LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were 3.23 +/- 1.74 and 2.38 +/- 0.87, and TC/HDL-C ratios were 5.24 +/- 2.31 and 4.10 +/- 1.25 in the patient and control groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C cutoff values in ROC analyses were 2.61 and 4.40 respectively; the AUCs (95% CI) were determined to be 0.680 (0.608-0.753) and 0.683 (0.610-0.755) (p < 0.001), respectively. An increased risk of stroke was observed in those with a high LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (OR = 1.827; 95% CI = 1.341-2.488; p < 0.001). Our study obtained similar results when we compared the mean TC and LDL-C levels between the two groups. However, considering the TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios, it is noteworthy that there was a significant difference between the patient and control groups.Infinite gratitude and warm regards to Nusret Ayaz, a graduate of the Faculty of Medicine at Uludag University in 2010.; Faculty of Medicine at Uludag UniversityInfinite gratitude and warm regards to Nusret Ayaz, a graduate of the Faculty of Medicine at Uludag University in 2010
Investigation of the protective effect of rosmarinic acid in rats given high dose gentamicin
No full textPurpose: Gentamicin is an antibiotic, used to treat infections caused by microorganisms. Endogenous antioxidants are strengthened by using antioxidant protectors against the toxic effects caused by drugs. Rosmarinic acid has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antitumoral effects. In our study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect, immunohistochemical changes, oxidative markers, histopathological changes and inflammation related Ifi44 expression of rosmarinic acid against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and methods: In our study, 32 rats randomly divided into four groups. These groups are consisted of control group, gentamicin group received gentamicin 100 mg/kg/day, gentamicin + rosmarinic group acid received gentamicin 100 mg/kg/day and rosmarinic acid 50 mg/kg/day, and rosmarinic acid group received rosmarinic acid 50 mg/kg/day. At the end of the study, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical changes in kidney tissues evaluated. Results: Rosmarinic acid reduced creatine, urea, blood urea nitrogen, and total oxidative stress in blood serum. The toxic effect of gentamicin caused severe histopathological changes in the kidneys. A slight decrease in histopathological changes observed in the gentamicin + rosmarinic acid group. Antiproliferative Ifi44 expression was higher in the gentamicin group and gentamicin + rosmarinic acid group. Conclusion: As a result of the application of rosmarinic acid, a decrease in oxygen radicals and an increase in antioxidant levels observed. When used in combination with gentamicin and rosmarinic acid, the protective effect of rosmarinic acid was partially observed, but it could not provide full protection
Yağlı Tohumlarda Türkiye'nin Küresel Rekabet Gücünün Analizi
No full textYağlı tohumlu bitkiler insan ve hayvan beslenmesinin yanı sıra enerji sektöründe kullanılması ve yoğunlukla dış ticarete konu olması bakımından stratejik ürünlerdir. Türkiye’de yağlı tohumlu bitkilerin üretimi yurt içi kullanıma yetmemekte ve ihtiyaç duyulan ürünler ithalat yoluyla karşılanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de yeterlilik derecesi düşük olan ve dış ticaret açığının her yıl arttığı yağlı tohumlu bitkilerin rekabet gücü analiz edilmiştir. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK), Birleşmiş Milletler Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü (FAO) ve Uluslararası Ticaret Merkezi (ITC)’den elde edilen veriler kullanılarak, Türkiye’nin yağlı tohumlarda rekabet gücü Balassa’nın Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlük İndeksi (RCA), Vollrath’ın Göreli İhracat Avantajı İndeksi (RXA) ve Laursen’in Açıklanmış Simetrik Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlük İndeksi (RSCA) kullanılarak 2010-2021 yılları için hesaplanmıştır. Son beş yıl (2017-2021) ortalamasına göre Türkiye’nin yağlı tohumlarda yeterlilik derecesi %49’dur. Yine son beş yıl ortalamasına göre yağlı tohum dış ticaret açığı 1 milyar 625 milyon dolar olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Bu süreçte dış ticaret açığı %37.63 artmıştır. Türkiye’nin rekabet gücü indeks değerleri ortalaması RCA ve RXA için 0.36, RSCA için ise -0.48 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Türkiye’nin yağlı tohumlarda herhangi bir karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğünün olmadığı ve rekabette dezavantaja sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dünya pazarında ise Brezilya, Arjantin, Ukrayna ve Bulgaristan’ın yüksek derecede karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğünün olduğu belirlenmiştir. Türkiye’de rekabet gücünün artması için yağlı tohumlarda üretimin artırılması gerekmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra yağlı tohumlarda uygulanan mazot-gübre ve prim desteği, cari fiyatlarla artarken reel fiyatlarla azalmaktadır. Destek tutarları her sene enflasyonun üzerinde belirlenmelidir. Böylece ekim alanlarını genişletecek desteleme politikalarının uygulanmasıyla üretim artışı sağlanacak, yeterlilik derecesi yükselecek, dış ticaret açığı azalacak ve dolayısıyla rekabet gücü artacaktır
Sürdürülebilir Aile Değerlerinin Öğretiminde Ömer Seyfettin’in Hikâyelerinin Türkçe Eğitiminde Kullanımı
No full textToplumun en küçük yapıtaşı olan ailenin devamlılığı, aile içindeki bazı değerlerin korunması ve sonraki nesillere aktarılmasıyla sürdürülebilir. Bu bağlamda eğitim, özellikle Türkçe eğitimi içerdiği edebi metinler aracılığıyla aile varlığının sürdürülebilirliğine önemli katkılarda bulunur. Birer okuma metni olan parçalar öğrencilere örnek davranışları, hedef duyguları, aile içinde olması gereken bağları edebi zevk ve örtük bir anlatımla öğretir. Bu yüzden öğrencilerin kitaplarına konulan veya okul dışında okumaları için tavsiye edilen metinlerin daha önce analiz edilmesi ve kazanımlara uygunluğunun denetlenmesi gerekir. Bu çalışmada, Ömer Seyfettin’in “Fon Sadriştayn’ın Karısı” ve “Fon Sadriştayn’ın Oğlu” hikâyelerinin ailevi değerler açısından değerlendirilmesi ve Türkçe ders kitaplarında kullanılması ya da okul dışında okuma metni olarak tavsiye edilmesi durumunda aile sürdürülebilirliği bakımından öğrencilere yapacakları katkıların gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma durum çalışmasına göre tasarlanmış nitel bir araştırmadır. Ömer Seyfettin’in “Fon Sadriştayn’ın Karısı” ve “Fon Sadriştayn’ın Oğlu” adlı hikâyeleri birer veri kaynağı olarak kabul edilmiş, bunlar betimsel analizle incelenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Bu analizler göstermiştir ki bir ailenin birlik, beraberlik, refah ve huzur içinde yaşaması için anlayış, sevgi, saygı, sadakat, dürüstlük, milli, manevi,estetik, kültürel ve ahlaki değerler var olmalıdır. Ayrıca aile kazancını iktisatlı kullanmak, belirli kurallar çerçevesinde hayatı yaşamak, bireylerin gerektiğinde birbirine destek olması, birbirlerinin duygu ve düşüncelerine değer vermesi de evlilik kurumu ve yuva kavramının devamlılığında önemlidir. Ömer Seyfettin’in hikâyeler aracılığıyla anlattığı bu değerlerin birer kazanıma dönüştürülmesi için “Fon Sadriştayn’ın Karısı” ve “Fon Sadriştayn’ın Oğlu” adlı hikâyeler ders kitaplarına alınmalı veya öğretmenler tarafından ders dışı birer okuma metni olarak öğrencilere ödevlendirilmelidir. Bu, gelecekte sağlıklı bir toplum düzeninin oluşması ve aile kurumunun devamlılığı açısından yeni neslin bilgilendirilmesi ve bilinçlendirilmesi açısından önemli bir adım olacaktır
Resilience, depression and burnout levels in caregivers of patients followed in the forensic psychiatry service
No full textObjective: It is known that psychiatric diseases also affect the quality of life of patients' relatives. The aim of this study is to examine the level of resilience, depression and burnout of the caregivers of forensic psychiatry patients in order to recognize the mental problems that may be experienced by relatives of forensic psychiatry patients who have com- mitted crimes in addition to psychiatric illness. Method: 90 high-security forensic psychiatry patient relatives were included in the study. Sociodemographic data form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Adult Resilience Scale (RSA) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were admi- nistered to all participants. Results: BDI score of caregivers was 10.8±7.7, RSA-total 99.8±12.5, emotional burnout score from MBI subscales 22.5±3.4, depersonalization score 9.4±2.2, personal success score was determined as 16.8±5.4. There was a signifi- cant difference between the duration of caregiving in terms of BDI score (p<0.01). The BDI score of the caregivers of the patients with criminal liability was found to be significantly higher than the score of the caregivers of the patients without criminal liability (p< 0.01). Discussion: It was observed that the level of psychological resilience was good in people who took care of psychiatric patients who were subjected to forensic psychiatric examination, but they had mild depression and moderate burnout. It is seen that the relatives of the patients are affected psychologically and the necessary psychosocial support can be positive for the caregivers
Türkiye'de Tıp ve Hemşirelik Fakültelerinin Eğitim Müfredatlarında Yer Alan Ölüm Kavramının Doküman Analiz Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki üniversitelerinin tıp ve hemşirelik bölümlerinin lisans müfredatlarında yer alan derslerin içeriğinde ölüm kavramına ne kadar ve nasıl yer verildiğinin belirlenmesi, mevcut durumun ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmada nitel araştırma türlerinden doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini Türkiye’de tıp ve hemşirelik lisans eğitimi veren yükseköğretim kurumları oluşturmaktadır. Tıp ve hemşirelik eğitimi veren okullara Yükseköğretim Lisans Atlası Sisteminden ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan verilerin Amaç: Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki üniversitelerinin tıp ve hemşirelik bölümlerinin lisans müfredatlarında yer alan derslerin içeriğinde ölüm kavramına ne kadar ve nasıl yer verildiğinin belirlenmesi, mevcut durumun ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmada nitel araştırma türlerinden doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini Türkiye’de tıp ve hemşirelik lisans eğitimi veren yükseköğretim kurumları oluşturmaktadır. Tıp ve hemşirelik eğitimi veren okulların bilgilerine Şubat – Mart 2022 tarihleri arası Yükseköğretim Lisans Atlası Sisteminden ulaşılmıştır. Bulgular: Türkiye'de, 148 hemşirelik bölümü ve 111 tıp fakültesi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Üniversitelerin web siteleri incelendiğinde, %86,5'inin ders içeriklerine erişilebildiği görülmüştür. Hemşirelik ve tıp bölümlerinde ölüm konusu farklı dönemlerde ve farklı derslerde ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca, ölüm kavramına yer verilen derslerin bazılarının zorunlu, bazılarının ise seçmeli olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Müfredatlarda, teknik bilgilere daha yoğun bir şekilde yer verildiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Müfredatlar incelendiğinde genellikle ölüm kavramının olgu olarak değerlendirildiği, biyolojik ve fizyolojik bir süreç olarak tanımlandığı görülmektedir. Ölüm kavramına ilişkin tıp ve hemşirelik müfredatının yetersiz olduğu değerlendirilmektedir. Buradan hareketle ölüm kavramının her boyutuyla müfredatlarda yer alması önerilmektedir. Ölüm gibi çok boyutlu kavramlarda farklı eğitim tekniklerinin kullanılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir