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Atmosferik basınç soğuk plazmanın bakteri izolatları üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması
No full textKBUBAP-22-DS-125Background: Atmospheric pressure cold plasma is a type of non-thermal plasma used for antimicrobial activity in the health, food and agriculture sectors. This study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of atmospheric pressure cold plasma on different bacterial isolates. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on standard reference bacterial strains; Escherichia coli (O157:H7), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC 13048), Rhodococcus equi (ATCC 6939), Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC 14028), Enterococcus feacalis (ATCC 2912) and field isolates; 12 Escherichia coli isolates, 22 Staphylococcus spp, 18 Klebsiella spp., 2 Enterococcus spp., 3 Acinetobacter spp., 8 Candida spp., 1 Morgarella mongarii, 2 Corynebacterium spp., 1 Streptococcus pyogenes. Atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet and plasma activated medium (PAM) were applied to the isolates and their efficacy was investigated. Results: As a result of the study, it was found that cold plasma was effective against Escherichia coli (O157:H7), Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC 13048), Salmonella typhimurium, Rhodococcus equi (ATCC 6939) and Enterococcus feacalis (ATCC 2912) among standard bacterial strains, while it was effective against Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Bet) and Staphylococcus epidermidis among field isolates. Conclusions: As a result of our study, the antimicrobial activity of atmospheric pressure cold plasma and PAM was demonstrated, and we believe that it will contribute to the health, food and agriculture sectors.Amaç: Atmosferik basınç soğuk plazma sağlık, gıda ve tarım sektöründe antimikrobiyal etkinliği için kullanılan termal olmayan plazma türüdür. Bu çalışma farklı bakteri izolatları üzerine atmosferik basınç soğuk plazmanın etkinliğinin araştırılması amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma standart referans bakteri suşu olan; Escherichia coli (O157:H7), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC 13048), Rhodococcus equi (ATCC 6939), Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC 14028), Enterococcus feacalis (ATCC 2912) ve saha izolatı olan 12 adet Escherichia coli izolatı, 22 adet Staphylococcus spp., 18 adet Klebsiella spp., 2 adet Enterococcus spp., 3 adet Acinetobacter spp., 8 adet Candida spp., 1 adet Morgarella mongarii, 2 adet Corynebacterium spp., 1 adet Streptococcus pyogenes üzerine gerçekleştirildi. İzolatlara atmosferik basınç soğuk plazma jeti ve plazma ile aktive edilmiş ortam (PAM) uygulandı ve etkinliği araştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışma sonucunda standart bakteri suşlarında Escherichia coli (O157:H7), Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC 13048), Salmonella typhimurium, Rhodococcus equi (ATCC 6939) ve Enterococcus feacalis (ATCC 2912)’e soğuk plazmanın etki ettiği, saha izolatlarından ise Streptococcus pyogenes (A grubuBet) ile Staphylococcus epidermidis’e etki gösterdiği bulundu. Sonuç: Çalışmamız sonucunda atmosferik basınç soğuk plazmanın ve PAM’ın antimikrobiyal etkinliği ortaya konuldu ve bu yönüyle sağlık, gıda ve tarım sektörlerine katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz.[EN] This study was supported by Karabuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office. Project Number: KBUBAP-22-DS-125
The effect of some organic solvents on the behavior and antioxidant enzyme activity of Daphnia magna
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışma, bazı organik çözücüler(Toluen, Kloroform, n-Hekzan ve Fenol)'in Daphnia magna'da gösterebileceği toksik etkileri hem fizyolojik hem de biyokimyasal olarak ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada D. magna 4 organik çözücünün daha önceden literatürde bildirilen lethal dozlarının 1/50, 1/100 ve 1/200 oranında olacak dozları ile 14 gün için maruz bırakıldı. Uygulamanın 3, 7 ve 14. gününde daphniaların kalp atım sayısı, toraks ve abdominal kavite aktiviteleri incelendi. Ayrıca malondialdehit (MDA), katalaz (CAT), glutatyon (GSH) ve glutatyon S transferaz (GST) aktiviteleri tespit edildi. Kalp atımı, toraks ve abdominal kavite gibi fizyolojik faaliyetlerin D. magna'da bütün solvent uygulamalarının tamamında uygulamanın 3. gününde azalmaya başladığı ve özellikle kalp atım sayısında uygulama sonunda durma noktasına geldiği görüldü. Her üç aktivite için istatistiki olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu. MDA, CAT ve GST aktivitelerinde her bir solvent uygulamasının yapıldığı deney gruplarında zamana bağlı olarak bir artış olduğu ve bu artışın kontrol grubuna göre istatistiki anlam verdiği tespit edildi (P<0.05). Buna karşın GSH seviyesinde tüm solvent gruplarında zamana bağlı olarak kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı bir düşüş saptandı (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak yüzey sularına çeşitli nedenlerle deşarj olabilen bu solventlerin sucul organizmalara toksik etkisinin olduğu açık bir şekilde gösterilmiştir. Bu nedenle, bu ve bunlar gibi kirletici maddelerin sularımıza salınımının engellenmesi için gerekli tedbirlerin alınması şarttır.This study was conducted to demonstrate the potential toxic effects of some organic solvents (Toluene, Chloroform, n-Hexane, and Phenol) on Daphnia magna, both physiologically and biochemically. In the study, D. magna was exposed to doses of the 4 organic solvents at 1/50, 1/100, and 1/200 of the previously reported lethal doses found in the literature for a duration of 14 days. On the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days of exposure, the heart rate, thoracic, and abdominal cavity activities of Daphnias were examined. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were determined. Physiological activities such as heart rate, thoracic, and abdominal cavity activities started to decrease on the 3rd day of exposure in all solvent applications, and especially the heart rate came to a standstill at the end of the exposure period. Significant differences were found for all three activities. Time-dependent increases were observed in MDA, CAT, and GST activities in all experimental groups where each solvent application was made, and these increases were statistically significant compared to the control group (P<0.05). However, a significant decrease in GSH levels was observed over time in all solvent groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). As a result, it has been clearly demonstrated that these solvents, which can be discharged into surface waters for various reasons, have a toxic effect on aquatic organisms. Therefore, it is essential to take necessary measures to prevent the release of these and similar pollutants into our waters
Investigation of the electronic and optical properties of PEtOx hydrophilic polymer in biomedical applications
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Biyomedikal Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıBu tez çalışmasında, poli(2-etil-2-oksazolin) (diğer isimleriyle a-benzil, ?-tiol sonlandırılmış (terminated), polioksazolin) (PEtOx, POx,) hidrofilik polimerinin elektronik ve optik özellikleri kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırıldı. Bunun için özellikle, PEtOx hidrofilik polimerinin soğurma band kenarı, molar sönüm katsayısı, optik bant aralığı, kırılma indisi, kontrast, optik ve elektriksel iletkenlik gibi önemli parametreleri elde edildi. Bu parametrelerin biyomedikal uygulamalardaki karşılıkları araştırıldı. Özellikle, PEtOx hidrofilik polimerinin kırılma indisleri en en uygun biyomedikal uygulamalar için geliştirildi. Diğer taraftan, PEtOx hidrofilik polimerinin optoelektronik parametrelerini farklı şartlar (çözücüler ve katkılamalar) için elde edildi ve karşılaştırıldı. Son olarak, farklı dalga boylarının PEtOx hidrofilik polimerinin optoelektronik parametreleri üzerindeki etkisi de araştırıldı. Böylece elde edilen özgün ve önemli sonuçlar ile PEtOx hidrofilik polimeri biyomedikal uygulamalara katkılarıyla literatürdeki ilgili boşluklar dolduruldu.In this thesis, poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (other names a-benzyl, ?-thiol terminated, polyoxazoline) (PEtOx, POx) hydrophilic polymer were extensively investigated. For this purpose, important parameters such as absorption band edge, molar extinction coefficient, optical band gap, refractive index, contrast, optical and electrical conductivity of PETOx hydrophilic polymer were obtained. The equivalents of these parameters in biomedical applications were investigated. In particular, the refractive indices of the PEtOx hydrophilic polymer were developed for optimal biomedical applications. On the other hand, optoelectronic parameters of PEtOx hydrophilic polymer were obtained and compared for different conditions (solvents and doping). Finally, the effect of different wavelengths on the optoelectronic parameters of the PEtOx hydrophilic polymer was also investigated. Thus, with the original and important results obtained, the related gaps in the literature were filled with the contributions of PEtOx hydrophilic polymer to biomedical applications
Attitudes and behaviors of individuals aged 90 and over towards rational use of drugs: cross-sectional research
No full textIntroduction: The current study was aimed to evaluate the attitudes and behaviors of individuals 90 years and older living in Malatya regarding rational drug use. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out with people aged 90 and over (n=1022) living in Malatya province and its districts. Face-to-face interview method was used to collect study data. In the first part of the form used for data collection, the descriptive characteristics of the participants were questioned, and in the second part, the attitudes and behaviors towards rational drug use were examined. Rational drug use features are evaluated by World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators. Results: The frequency of rational drug use was 84.1%, and the rate of over-the-counter drug use was 19.2% among individuals 90 years and older. 52.3% of the participants had over-the-counter medication at home for use, when necessary, without doctor's recommendation. The most commonly available over-the-counter group of drugs at home were painkillers. Conclusion: The frequency of rational drug use in individuals aged 90 and older has been determined higher than in the literature on individuals aged 65 and older. Education, guidance and counseling programs can be created to increase rational drug use within elderly people communities
Analysis Of The Effect Of Transparent Covers On Receiver Of Cylindrical Parabolic Solar Collectors
No full textParabolic solar collectors with central receiving systems are preferred due to their high efficiency despite their high initial investment and operating costs. In this strip the effect of two glass covers on tubular collector will be investigated, aiming enhancement of cylindrical parabolic solar collectors efficiency. By using glass cover it is aimed to decrease losses and increase efficiency. In order to investigate the changes or losses and instantaneous efficiency, a model was constructed considering all parameters of the structure, optical losses, material properties and outdoor climatic conditions. Results of calculations show that the two-cover system is not more efficient than the single cover system at low fluid temperatures between 0 and 500 K and the efficiency of the two-cover stem is increased at medium fluid temperatures between 500 and 700 K
Is there a relationship between Haller Index and cardiopulmonary function in children with pectus excavatum?
No full textBackground: This study aims to systematically examine the cardiopulmonary functions in children with pectus excavatum and to compare the obtained findings with the Haller Index.Methods: Between September 2017 and June 2018, medical records of a total of 31 patients (27 males, 4 females; mean age: 14.8 & PLUSMN;2.0 years; range, 9 to 18 years) with pectus excavatum were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into Group 1 (3.2) according to the Haller Index. All groups were systematically evaluated based on pulmonary function tests and echocardiography. Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second/ forced vital capacity ratio were calculated. Left ventricular end -diastolic diameter, ejection fraction, mitral valve prolapses, and right ventricular cavity in the apical four-chamber position were evaluated with echocardiography.Results: Of the patients, 19.4% were in Group 1, 38.7% in Group 2, and 41.9% in Group 3. The mean Haller Index value was 3.09 & PLUSMN;0.64. According to pulmonary function test results, 16.1% of the patients had restrictive disease and 6.5% had obstructive disease. There was a negative correlation between the index and forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity, and there was a statistically significant decrease in these values, as the Haller Index increased (p<0.017). There was a significant difference in the ejection fraction among the groups (p<0.001) and, as the Haller Index increased, ejection fraction statistically significantly decreased.Conclusion: Our study results show a negative correlation between the severity of pectus excavatum and pulmonary dysfunction and, as the severity increases, left ventricular function may be affected by the deformity. As a result, there seems to be a significant relationship between the severity of the deformity and cardiopulmonary functions
Thymoquinone played a protective role against tartrazine- induced
No full textObjective(s): The current study, the first of its kind in the literature, aimed to observe the toxic effects of Tartrazine, a commonly used dyestuff in industries and foods, on the liver, and investigate whether this toxicity could be eliminated with thymoquinone coadministration. Materials and Methods: 32 male Wistar albino rats were procured from Inonu University Experimental Animals Breeding and Research Center. The rats were randomly assigned to 4 equal groups: Control group, Thymoquinone group, Tartrazine group, and Thymoquinone + Tartrazine group. Rat liver tissue and blood samples were obtained and biochemical and histopathological examinations were conducted on the samples. Results: Tartrazine administration increased the oxidant (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase) and oxidative stress index parameters (total oxidant status) in the liver tissue and decreased the antioxidant parameters (glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and total antioxidant status) leading to histopathological problems (hematoxylin-eosin staining and Caspase-3 immunoreactivity) and inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6) in the serum samples. Thymoquinone, on the other hand, improved antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusion: At this time and dose, thymoquinone has a protective effect against tartrazine hepatotoxicity. Thymoquinone can be used as a protective agent against tartrazine toxicity.Inonu University Scientific Research Fund; [TYL-2021/2441]Acknowledgment This research was supported by Inonu University Scientific Research Fund (TYL-2021/2441) . The results presented in this paper were part of a student thesis
Investigation of phytoplasma diseases in the pear production areas of Malatya province by molecular methods
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı, Fitopatoloji Bilim DalıMalatya ili armut üretim alanlarındaki fitoplazma hastalıklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla 2020 yılında sürvey çalışmaları yürütülmüş ve Malatya ilinde armut üretimi yapılan lokasyonlardan fitoplazma etmenlerine özgü belirtiler gösteren ve göstermeyen toplam 301 adet bitkiden rastgele yaprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Toplanan numunelerden total DNA izolasyonları ticari bir kit yardımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklerdeki muhtemel fitoplazma etmenlerini araştırmada, R16mF2/R16mR1 ve R16F2n/R16R2 üniversal primerlerin kullanıldığı Nested-polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (Nested PCR) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada Malatya ili armut üretim alanlarından toplanan örneklerin hiçbirinde fitoplazma etmeni saptanmamıştır.In order to determine the phytoplasma diseases in the pear production areas of Malatya province, survey studies were carried out in 2020, and a total of 301 symptomatic or non symptomatic leaf samples, were randomly collected from pear plantations of Malatya province. Total DNA isolations from the collected samples were performed using a commercial kit. The presence of phytoplasma agents in the collected samples was investigated using the Nested polymerase chain reaction (Nested PCR) method using universal primers: R16mF2/R16mR1 and R16F2n/R16R2. In the study, No phytoplasma agent was not detected in the samples collected from the pear production areas of Malatya province
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Using Gnri and Mis as a Predictor of Mortality in Elderly Hemodialysis Patients
No full textBackground: Malnutrition is one of the most common geriatric syndromes in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Although there is no gold standard for evaluating nutritional status in HD patients, the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS) are widely used in clinical settings. Aim: To examine the efficacy of using Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS) as a predictor of mortality in elderly hemodialysis patients. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out in Malatya Training and Research Hospital's Hemodialysis Unit between July 2018 and August 2022. Two hundred seventy-four elderly hemodialysis patients were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, and anthropometric measurements of the patients were reviewed. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of mortality. Results: The mean age of 83 patients who died was 70.00 +/- 8.39 years and 47 (56.6%) of these patients were male. All-cause death occurred in 69 (71.1%) of 97 patients with an MIS of >= 6. All-cause death occurred in 24 (54.5%) of 44 patients with a GNRI score of <91.2. Accordingly, MIS (P < 0.001, OR = 1.376 [0.163-0.392]), GNRI (P = 0.001, OR = -0.431 [1.189-1.990]), and age (P = 0.021, OR = 0.109 [0.818-0.984]) were found to be independent predictors of all-cause mortality. Conclusions: GNRI and MIS are important predictors of increased risk of mortality from all causes in elderly HD patients
The first peptide derivatives of dioxybiphenyl-bridged spiro cyclotriphosphazenes: In vitro cytotoxicity activities and DNA damage studies
No full textIn this study, we aimed to synthesize new peptide-substituted cyclotriphosphazenes from a series of tyrosine -based peptides and dioxyphenyl-substituted spirocyclotriphosphazenes, and to evaluate their in vitro cytotox-icity and genotoxicity activities. Genotoxicity studies were conducted to understand whether the cytotoxic compounds cause cell death through DNA damage. The structures of the novel series of phosphazenes were characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis, MS, 1D (31P, 1H, and 13C-APT NMR), and 2D (HETCOR) NMR spectroscopic techniques. In vitro cytotoxic activities were carried out against human breast (MCF-7), ovarian (A2780), prostate (PC-3), colon (Caco-2) cancer cell lines and human normal epithelial cell line (MCF-10A) at different concentrations by using an MTT assay. The compounds showed considerable reductions in cell viability against all human cancer cell lines. Especially, the compounds exhibited notable effects in A2780 cell lines (p < 0.05). The IC50 values of the compounds in the A2780 cell line were calculated to be 1.914 mu M for TG, 20.21 mu M for TV, 20.45 mu M for TA, 4.643 mu M for TP, 5.615 mu M for BTG, 1.047 mu M for BTV, 27.02 mu M for BTA, 0.7734 mu M for BTP, 21.5 mu M for DTG, 1.65 mu M for DTV, 2.89 mu M for DTA and 4.599 mu M for DTP. DNA damage studies of the compounds were conducted by the comet assay method using tail length, tail density, olive tail moment, head length, and head density parameters, and the results showed that the cell death occurred through DNA damage mechanism. In a nutshell, these compounds show promising cytotoxic effects and can be considered powerful candidate molecules for pharmaceutical applications.Scientific and Technical Research Council of Tuerkiye (TUBITAK) [118Z286]This work was supported by a grant from the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Tuerkiye (TUBITAK, Grant Number:118Z286). We would like to thank TUBITAK for their contributio