Journals at the University of Arizona
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ALLERGIC REACTION TO PATENT BLUE VIOLET DURING LYMPHOGRAPHY
No full textA case of an allergic reaction to Patent Blue Violetdye used for the purpose of lymphangiography isreported. The clinical findings were urticarial reaction,edema of the eyelids and lips, and hypotension.Previous sensitization to triphenylmethane dyes, indrugs and other chemicals was likely, but not proven.Such commonly used compounds have beencompiled in a Table. History of a previous hypersensitivityreaction to these compounds is not acontraindication for lymphangiography but shouldcall for emergency planning and possible premedication
THE CYCLIC CHANGES OF THE LYMPH VESSELS IN THE UTERUS OF THE MOUSE WHICH HAS BEEN PREGNANT
No full textWhen adapted to the natural possibility of reabsorptionof the uterus, using the dye Patent Blue Violetand Japanese ink, the orthograde demonstration ofthe cyclical behaviour of the lymphatics during theoestrus cycle was successful even with parous mice.As investigations have already shown in nulliparousmice (5), the characteristic variations in all five stagesof the sexual cycle arc also found here:As a result of the pregnancies the lymphatics of theendometrium are more strongly developed, in contrastto the nulliparous mouse. However, in thestage of pre-oestrus and oestrus the marked or verymarked widening, of varying calibre does not showin such a striking way. In the subsequent two stagesof the sexual cycle prominent elevations are foundin the lumen of the uterus, and these have lymphaticcapillaries running in them. The further stage, a moreor less reticulate arrangement of the lymphaticcapillaries, with fine branching ramifications, isequally typical.As a result of the pregnancies, the larger lymphaticvessels are often curled up like a cork-screw, andalso show their typical beaded appearance
THE EFFECT OF PASSIVE MOTION ON THE FLOW AND FORMATION OF LYMPH
No full textThe effect of different rates of passive movement onthe flow and composition of paw lymph was studiedin anesthetized dogs. Lymph flow was halved bydecreasing the frequency of paw pumping from100 cpm to 10 cpm. The lymph: plasma concentrationratio of total protein (R_TP) was not affected initiallyby the decrease in pumping rate. With continuedpumping at 10 cpm, average lymph flow increasedtoward control (100 cpm) levels and R_TP decreased.Resumption of pumping at 100 cpm, significantlyincreased lymph flow but did not change R_TP. Lymphflow then declined toward control flows as R_TP rosetoward the values observed at 100 cpm. Steady statelymph flows during initial 100 cpm pumping, during10 cpm and during the resumption of 100 cpmpumping were not significantly different. When pawpumping was stopped, average lymph flow decreasedquickly and remained at a very low value for at least90 minutes. Resumption of paw pumping increasedlymph flow above initial control values but did notaffect R_TP.We conclude that widely differing rates of passivepaw movement give similar steady-state lymph flowsfrom isolated paw lymphatics of anesthetized dogs.The interstitial space of the paw apparently acts as avolume buffer which stores lymph during transientperiods of low lymph removal and empties duringhigh rates of lymph removal
COMPARISON OF LACTATE, PYRUVATE AND POTASSIUM CONCENTRATION IN THE CARDIAC LYMPH AND, ARTERIAL AND CORONARY SINUS PLASMA IN DOGS
No full textLactate (LA), pyruvate (PYR) and potassium (K)concentration in the cardiac lymph were comparedwith those in the arterial and coronary sinus plasmain dogs. In each substance, there was a goodcorrelation between the plasma and cardiac lymphlevel in the control period. In respect to LA andPYR, the concentration in the cardiac lymphcorrelated more with that in the arterial plasmathan in the coronary sinus one. During the infusionof isoproterenol, LA and PYR in the plasma increased,while K decreased. Each substance in the cardiaclymph changed to the same degree as in the plasmain mean values. Good correlation was also observedbetween the arterial plasma and cardiac lymph levelduring the administration of the agent. However,there was no correlation of PYR between thecoronary sinus plasma and the cardiac lymph.During the administration of dipyridamole LA inthe coronary sinus plasma increased and that in thearterial plasma decreased. LA in the cardiac lymphdid decrease as in the arterial plasma. It is concludedthat the concentrations of LA, PYR and K in thecardiac lymph can be changed depending uponchanges in those in the plasma and the former twoparameters seem to change depending upon those inthe arterial plasma rather than the coronary sinusone
LYMPHATIC DYNAMICS OF LIVER BY HEPATIC LYMPHOGRAPHY USING LIPIODOL ULTRA FLUID*
No full textHepatic lymphography by intra-parenchymal injection of four to ten millititres (ml) of lipiodol ultra-fluid, our modification of functional hepatography, performed on sixty one patients helped study lymphatic dynamics of liver. In conditions associated with significant hepatic venous outflow obstructions, such as hepatic cirrhosis, inflamrnatory diseases of liver and primary or secondary malignant lesions of the liver, this study delineated liver lymphatics and portal and para aortic lymph nodes.In one case mediastinal nodes were also delineated by flow of Lipiodol from the bare area of the liver via trans-diaphragmatic and pleural lymphatics. The lymphangio-architecture of the opacified nodes depicted the nature of pathology inflicting them and the liver. Lipiodol in the lymphatic system, staying longer than the freely diffusible aqueous contrast, provided more detail and better information
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TISSUE FLUID AND LYMPH II. ENZYMES IN TISSUE FLUID AND LYMPH
No full textIn rabbits both under normal conditions and after burning the activity of intracellular enzymes (LDH, GOT) is higher in tissue fluid than in the peripheral (leg) lymph. The relationship between tissue fluid and lymphatic enzyme concentrations is non-linear The observations suggest the presence of at least two distinct compartments in tissue fluid. The first compartment forms the pathway taken by the fluid and protein leaving the blood capillaries and is directly drained by the lymphatics. The second compartment is the 'true' tissue fluid, contains the extravascular protein pool and it is in dynamic equilibrium with the first compartment
RELATIVE RATES OF ABSORPTION OF FLUID AND PROTEIN FROM THE PERITONEAL CAVITY IN CATS
No full textThe relative rates of fluid and protein absorptionfrom the peritoneal cavity of anesthetized cats weremeasured over 6 hours at an intraperitoneal pressureof 15 mm Hg and with intraperitoneal proteinconcentrations from 1- 8 g%. The fractional absorptionrates of fluid and protein did not changesignificantly over the 6 hours and were not significantlydifferent from each other within each onehour period. In addition both fractional absorptionrates were unaffected by the protein concentrationof the fluid within the peritoneal cavity. Althoughthe absolute rate of absorption is greatly increasedby elevation of the intraperitoneal pressure, thesedata indicate that the process remains iso-oncoticas would be expected for lymphatic rather thantranscapillnry absorption
CAN OBSTRUCTIVE INTRALYMPHATIC GRANULOMAS BE THE CAUSE OF CHEILITIS GRANULOMATOSA?
No full textCheilitis granulomatosa (ChG), alsoknown as Miescher’s cheilitis, is anuncommon, immunologically mediated nonnecrotizinggranulomatous inflammatorydisease characterized by recurrent, painlessswelling of the lips. The aim of the study wasa pathomorphological and immunohistochemicalassessment of cases clinicallyclassified as ChG to investigate potentialpathological mechanisms of ChG symptomsand to verify the hypothesis of intravasculargranulomas as a cause of lymphatic vesselobstruction and localized edema in ChG.We report 6 patients with ChG who clinicallypresented localized edema of the lips. Lipbiopsy with pathomorphological and immunohistochemicalexamination was performed inall cases. We found discrete, non-necrotizinggranulomas which were adjacent to numerousblood and lymphatic vessels. The lumen oflymphatic channels was dilated and waseither empty or contained lymph and fewmacrophages or was completely occluded bynearby granulomas. All patients demonstrateda characteristic pattern of lymphangiectasiaand perivascular lymphatic aggregates withevidence of non-necrotizing granulomas. Nonemanifested intralymphatic granulomas. Theseresults do not support the view that lymphaticvessel obstruction is caused by intravascularhistiocytic granulomas described as the mainpart in the etiology of lymphatic edema inChG. However, perivascular granulomas anddilation of lymphatic vessels confirm presenceof inflammatory lymphostasis in all studiedcases of ChG
"Bird cages and boiling pots for potential diseases": contested ecologies of urban 'Swiftlet farming' in George Town, Malaysia
No full textAbstract This article details the social construction of the 'swiftlet farming' industry in George Town, Malaysia. It argues that narratives of health and disease continually police which landscape practices are acceptable for the increasingly globalizing and image conscious city. 'Swiftlet farming' refers to the use of inner city shophouses and other commercial buildings for harvesting the edible nests of swiftlets (constructed from their saliva). Due to the high global demand and prices for birds' nests, the number of swiftlet farms have exploded in cities and towns across the country over the past decade, as entrepreneurs have been trying to cash in on the lucrative industry. The competing discourses and reactions to swiftlet farming in George Town, particularly in relation to its alleged potential for causing outbreaks of disease such as avian flu or dengue fever offer an apt entry point for studying this contested normative landscape. In doing so, I draw on recent writing on landscape and political ecology to analyze how swiftlet farm(er)s have been politicized by various stakeholders as (in)appropriate for the urban landscape. The article concludes by considering the significance of such an approach can help to make sense of the contradictions and uncertainties that abound in urban health controversies. Key words: political ecology, health, disease, landscape, birds' nest, Malaysi
Health dispossessions and the moralization of disease: the case of diarrhea in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
No full textAbstract Despite the swift development of Vietnam's water supply and sanitation (wat/san) sector, over the last ten years there have been 1.5 million annual documented cases of diarrhea. Western perspectives blame insufficient medical or economic advancement for failing to prevent diarrhea and its treatment, failing to grasp how disease is shaped in the cultural, moral and political domain. This article examines the nature and function of public health policy and discourse against the spread of the disease in Can Tho City, Mekong Delta. Some 94 qualitative interviews were conducted with government representatives, medical staff and water experts, and a survey of 131 households in urban and rural areas. Focusing only on improving the construction of wat/san 'hardware' does not improve 'cultural software', and ignores the needs of vulnerable minorities, compromising the control of diarrhea. I also show how state discourse follows neoliberal approaches in individualizing health responsibilities, and moralizing disease. Local (mis)perceptions and risky behaviors emerge as the result of structural constraints that include poverty, a lack of access to useful health information, and the cultivation of stigma around diarrhea. These types of health dispossessions serve a political purpose, where the state escapes responsibility for public health failures, and thus enhancing its efforts to maintain legitimacy as a good implementer and a 'caring head.' Keywords: Vietnam, public health, health individualization, moralization of disease, blame discourse, diarrhea