Journals at the University of Arizona
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REGULATION OF HUMAN LYMPH CONTRACTILITY BY PROSTAGLANDINS AND THROMBOXANE
No full textThromboxane A2 (TXA2), but not prostacyclin(PGI2), plays an important role in human lymphvessel contraction. Paradoxically, whereas substantialamounts of PGI2 are detectable in human lymphatics,TXA2 is undetectable and probably derivesfrom surrounding tissues
ANGIOSARCOMA IN PRIMARY LYMPHEDEMA OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY -- STEWART-TREVES SYNDROME
No full textAfter a 20-year latent period an angiosarcomadeveloped in the edematous leg of a 74-year-old womanwith primary lymphedema. A deep venous thrombosis ofthe leg which further aggravated tissue swelling precededthe appearance of angiosarcoma. Histogeneticclassification of the tumor as hemangiosarcoma ratherthan lymphangiosarcoma was favored by positive immunohistochemicalstaining for Factor VIII. Despitehigh amputation and isolated perfusion with hyperthermalcytostatic infusion, she developed local recurrenceand distant metastases and died 16 months after operation.Patients with chronic primary or secondary lymphedemaare susceptible to angiosarcoma although theoverall risk is small
MORPHOLOGY OF LYMPHATICS IN THE CANINE LARGE INTESTINE
No full textThe finer distribution of lymphatics in the largeintestine of adult dogs was morphologically examinedby puncture injection of colored dyes, intra-arterialinjection of silver nitrate mixed with India ink, andelectron microscopy. In the lamina propria there wasa double-layer of lymphatic channels - a shallownetwork (near the mucosal surface) and a deep compartment(just above the muscularis mucosae). Sparselymph capillaries also extended vertically parallellingintestinal glands. Some lymphatics penetrated intothe submucosa where they demonstrated prominentvalves and formed collecting lymphatic trunksalongside blood vessels
CLASSICS IN LYMPHOLOGY: THE PRODUCTION OF LYMPH
No full textWhat makes a classic is both its timeliness and timelessness. By these criteria, Starling's epic work eminently qualifies. As can be gleaned from careful reading of his following "lecture" and other work, Starling not only recognized the forces regulating transcapillary fluid flux but fully anticipated issues surroundingmacromolecular transport, regional variations in microvascular permeability, and "safety" factors forestalling edema (e.g. widened transcapillary oncotic gradient, accelerated lymph absorption and autoregulation of capillary pressure by reduction in arterial inflow during venous outflow block). A comprehensive up-to-date review of "our understanding of the wide variety of pathologic processes that share the common property of edema formation" has just been published (Edema: NC Staub and AE Taylor, Editors. Raven Press, 1984) embodying, embellishing, and advancing concepts first elucidated by Starling.(MHW
ACETYLCHOLINE "TIGHTENS" PERIPHERAL CAPILLARIES INDEPENDENTLY OF PRESSURE EFFECTS
No full textWe previously showed that acetylcholine (ACh) infused into the abdominal aorta of dogs at a rate of 127 micrograms ACh min-1 caused an increase in lumbar trunk lymph flow (L) of 35% while protein clearance into the lymph (LR) remained unchanged. These effects were accounted for by a 34% increase in reflection coefficient (a) and a 54% increase in permeability-surface area product (PS). Since arterial pressure decreased, it was possible that the decrease in arterial pressure was responsible for observed changes. The current study was undertaken to test this possibility. Seven female dogs were anesthesized and prepared in the same manner as the previous study except that control abdominal aortic pressure was reduced with an aortic balloon to a mean of 81 mmHg. As ACh was infused, the balloon pressure was released so that the mean pressure for all dogs rose to 96 mmHg. The findings indicated that ACh produced a 24% increase in L (P.004) while LR was unaffected. In a similar fashion to the results of the previous study, a increased 43% (P.0000) and PS rose 51% (P.008).These results clearly dissociate the effects of acetylcholine on permeability from any effects on arterial pressure and indicate a more direct effect of acetylcholine on the permeable segment. The results also suggest a general response of the capillary or postcapillary venule to vasodilation which restricts accession of protein into the interstitium during unloading of the vasculature by the process of edema formation
RADIOISOTOPIC ASSESSMENT OF EXTRAVASCULAR ALBUMIN AS AN INDEX OF LYMPH TRANSPORT
No full textDuring the recent investigations into dosimetric problems of endolymphatic therapy we became acutely aware of the need for a quantitative and physiologic means for assessing lymphatic transport (1). Cannulation of efferent lymphatic ducts to observe flow is the most quantitative method available, however, this method is neither physiologic nor practical as a routine clinical tool.The rate of isotope appearance in a point distal to an interstitial isotope injection has been used by many as an index of lymphatic flow (2). Radiocolloid injection into the foot followed by assessment of isotopic activity over the groin as a radiocolloid transit time, although advocated by some, is neither physiologic nor quantitative. The toe to groin transit time is easy to perform, but limited by the problems of in constant variables i. e. isotope diffusion from the interstitial injection, peripheral lymphatic pick-up of the radiocolloid which may be influenced by the interstitial injection, and lymph node trapping of the radiocolloid (e.g. popliteal nodes) which may not be constant and thereby, affect the ultimate shape of the isotopic accretion curve at a site cephalad to the node. In view of these considerations, if one wishes to study only lymphatic transport, it would seem more reasonable to select a labeled substance which is not accreted to variable extents by the lymphatic nodes in the interspersing area from the sites of injection to the site of assessment
LYMPHOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA
No full textThe lymphographic appearances of the retroperitoneallymph nodes in 10 patients with multiple myelomahave been analyzed. None of the patients hadany signs of extramedullary involvement of myelomatosisbefore lymphography. In 3 cases irregularfilling defects suggestive of myelomatous involvementwere found. In one case they were close toa myelomatous bone lesion, whereas in the othersthe lymphographic abnormality was totally unexpected.In all 3 patients other nodes showed reactivehyperplasia. Such nonspecific hyperplasia wasalso encountered in 3 other cases. In 2 cases themyelomatous involvement of lymph node wasdetected before the diagnosis was recognized whichis contrary to the belief that multiple myelomainvolve nodes late in the disease. In addition todiagnostic aid the lymphographic demonstrationof the myelomatous spread into lymph nodes mayinfluence on the selection of the therapeutic approachto the disease
THE ROLE OF THE RENAL LYMPHATICS IN FLUORIDE HANDLING
No full textThe role of the renal lymphatics in the handling of fluoride ion by the canine kidney was studied during IV sodium fluoride infusion. It was found that renal lymph and renal venous plasma have similar fluoride concentrations and that there was less fluouride in lymph than in arterial plasma. Fluoride did not alter renal lymphatic flow rate over a wide range of plasma fluoride concentrations