Journals at the University of Arizona
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A Struggle Belongs to the People: El Rio's Story
No full textThe El Rio Park protests from 1969 to 1971
The Age of Self-Discovery: Western Cultural Discourse in Thirteenth- and Fourteenth-Century Travel Narratives
No full textA distinct period of travel from Western Europe to the Far East occured during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries as a result of the continental stability of the Pax Mongolica. Durign this time, individuals from both the Christian and Islamic world traveled as far as modern day China under the auspices of dipolmacy, trade, missionary work, and other duties. Encountering the myriad of cultures and diverse geography of the Far East prompted many of these travelers to apply their own religious and cultural frameworks in order to reconcile the unfamiliar. This essay explores some of the documentation that records these dynamics and seeks to explain how such interactions formed a foundation for the succeeding eras of imperialism and colonization
Consequences of Inaction: United States Foreign Policy during the Holocaust
No full textDuring the Holocaust, the United States held true to the isolationist policy that it had long followed. This isolationist policy meant that when reports started coming in about the Nazis’ persecution of German—and ultimately European—Jews, the United States did not act in a way that would have helped to alleviate the plight of those being targeted. Instead, pleas for help were ignored, immigration quotas were not raised, and the United States Government enacted a boycott of Germany in lieu of taking a firmer stance against the Nazis. In so doing, the United States played a role in innocent people being murdered
The Subjectivity of Soul: Music and Racial Hybridity in Jim Crow Houston
No full textFollowing Reconstruction, Southern bureaucrats, governments, and community members enacted a series of policies known as Jim Crow laws, intended to subjugate the recently-emancipated African-American population back into traditional hierarchies of racial superiority, amassing a legal reinforcement of white supremacy. Houston, then a city in its infancy, was no exception. As Black Texans adjusted to these referendums, those in Houston established their own communities, institutions, and culture that aligned to the black/white racial binary thrust upon them towards the turn of the twentieth century. However, the realities of a rapidly developing Houston proved to be much more complicated than this simple black/white dichotomy. Over time, throngs of new migrants arrived in the Bayou City, such as Creoles, Tejanos, and ethnic Mexicans, which did not fit into this rigid racial structure. The infiltration of different shades and nuances of multiethnic peoples, and their interactions with Jim Crow categorizations, is the subject of Tyina Steptoe’s stunning and groundbreaking work, Houston Bound: Culture and Color in a Jim Crow City
WHO guidelines challenged in Botswana: traditional medicine between healing, politics and witchcraft
No full textThe World Health Organization (WHO) supports integrating traditional health care into national health systems. The reasons why this is not happening in Botswana are manifold, complex and not always rational. Traditional healers demand the right to practice their techniques and organize themselves with an emancipatory political claim, but they are unsuccessful. Based on a political ecology of health perspective combined with assemblage thinking, this article explores discourses and historical lines of development in order to show how Christian morality, the dualism between tradition and modernity and the introduction of a modern public health system are intertwined with belief in witchcraft that clandestinely hampers development
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT COMPRESSION PRESSURE IN THERAPY OF SECONDARY UPPER EXTREMITY LYMPHEDEMA IN WOMEN AFTER BREAST CANCER SURGERY
No full textThis study evaluated how different levels of pressure under inelastic multi-layer bandages affect the reduction of secondary arm lymphedema and patient comfort throughout therapy. Ninety-six women with lymphedema after breast cancer treatment were randomized into three groups of 32 patients depending on level of applied pressure in compression therapy: group I (control) at 21-30 mmHg; study groups II A at 31-40 mmHg and group II B at 41-60 mmHg. Allpatients were treated with complex decongestive therapy (CDT) and intermittentpneumatic compression (IPC) before compression. Fixed points of bilateral armswere measured at the start (first visit), after 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days of therapy. Edema severity was measured by summary calculation. Results were presented as a relative metric coefficient of arm lymphedema (RMCAL) which is the difference between sums of circumferences of the edematous arm and thecontralateral side expressed in percents. In order to evaluate the patient comfort after finishing a two-week therapy all patients assessed the level of accompanying pain using the numeric pain rating scale (NRS). At the start of therapy median arm circumference difference (RMCAL) was 18.60%, 18.51%, and 19.05% in groups I-II B, respectively. After 24 h the median RMCAL was reduced to 14.49%, 12.13%, and 12.64%. This was further reduced to 10.77%, 6.98%, and 8.48% at one week and 10.28%, 5.75%, and 7.20% in each group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between RMCAL values in group II A and II B throughout the therapy. In group II A (NRS = 2), applied bandages were better tolerated than in both II B (NRS = 5) and control groups (NRS = 8). These results demonstrate that inelastic multi-layer bandages applied in groups II A and II B (41-60 mmHg) led to the same reduction of swollen arm circumference with group II being better tolerated. The lowest compression (control at 21-30 mmHg) produced the smallest reduction. In addition, since the greatest reduction was seen in the first week of therapy while the second week served to maintain the reduction, compression garments may be able to be ordered after one week of therapy for more efficient patient care
PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC REHABILITATION OF LYMPHEDEMA: STATE-OF-THE-ART
No full textLymphatic diseases, especially lymphedema, represent a serious problem in the health community. We investigated strategies and methods for physiotherapeutic rehabilitation of lymphedema by carrying out a comprehensive search of the Medline and Embase databases from 1990 to 2016 to identify relevant published studies, articles, and reviews. Approaches for conservative management of lymphedema include the following: manual lymphatic drainage, lymphedema rehabilitation exercises, compression therapy, skin care, pneumatic compression, elevation of the extremities, thermal therapy,complete decongestive physiotherapy (CDT), taping, and aqua lymphatic therapy. Treatment of lymphedema with CDT, which is a combination of four methods (manual lymphatic drainage, lymphedema rehabilitation exercises, compression therapy, skin care), can achieve a 45-70% reduction in lymphedema volume. Prerequisites for successful physiotherapy are the availability of physicians, nurses and therapists who are specifically trained, educated, and experienced in each method. CDT is the most effective treatmentas it reduces the symptoms of lymphedema and improves patients’ functionality, mobility, and quality of life. Although other therapeutic techniques have demonstrated positive results, these surveys are limited and more studies areneeded to confirm findings
COUNTERPOINT CELLULITIS AND BACTERIA IN PERIPHERAL LYMPHEDEMA
No full textCounterpoint to the article: Peculiar Clinical Features of Cellulitis in Peripheral Lymphedema, by K. Suehiro, N. Morikage, K. Ueda, M. Samura, Y. Takeuchi, T. Nagase, T. Mizoguchi, K. Hamano
PROPRIOCEPTION SENSE IN LYMPHEDEMA AFFECTED UPPER LIMB
No full textThis study aimed to provide information on proprioception alterations in lymphedema-affected limbs. Blindfolded subjects sat at a table with their forearms positioned on paddles. The hinges of the paddles were aligned with the elbow joint and an electronic goniometer was positioned to measure the angle of the forearm. Paddles were moved by an electric servomotor with a slow angular speed that was barely appreciated by the subjects. Subjects were then asked to guess the position of the affected arm in comparison with the unaffected arm to study the position sense of the lymphedema-affected arm. The study investigated 50 women affected by secondary upper limb lymphedema by measuring the difference in terms of degrees of arch of movement in comparison with the unaffected arm and also both duration of lymphedema and the circumference of the forearm. Results were matched with a control group of 50 unaffected women providing proof of compromised proprioception in lymphedema-affected arms. In addition, results also showed a correlation with duration of lymphedema but not with size (stage) of the lymphedematous arm