Journals@UC (University of Cincinnati)
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Panama Canal defense being held by United States during ww2
No full textThis analysis examines the rationale and process behind Panama\u27s decision to grant the United States defense rights within the context of the Panama Canal construction project. It will explore the financial arrangements surrounding the canal\u27s development, specifically how Panama funded the project. Additionally, the paper will investigate the decision-making processes employed by Panama during the canal construction period. Finally, it will discuss the impact of the canal\u27s completion on Panamanian trade and the potential role of any material surpluses that may have existed at the project\u27s conclusion
Disclosing Mental Health Concerns at Work: Relationships Matter More than Policy
No full textRecord ID: 84
Award(s): Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: McNair Scholars Program
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between the climate for mental health in organizations and whether employees disclose their mental health concerns. We hypothesized that when employees perceive a positive mental health climate (as measured through organizational practices and policies, perceived organizational support, and psychological safety), they will be more likely to disclose. We also hypothesized that this relationship would be moderated by the strength of the relationship between employees and their supervisors (LMX) and whether they were members of a marginalized group. To test these hypotheses, we gathered survey data from 236 full- and part-time employees from across the U.S. We did not find a significant relationship between climate and disclosure. However, LMX is positively related to disclosure and demonstrates a significant interaction effect with perceived organizational support and psychological safety, such that when LMX is low, employees are more likely to disclose with support and safety are higher. We also found that being a member of a marginalized group (race, sexual orientation) is inversely related to disclosure. 
Graphic Stories to Promote Research Readiness Among South Asian Community: A Focus on Purpose, Protection, and Participation
No full textRecord ID: 168
Award(s): Excellence in Undergraduate Research Mentorship; Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: South Asians living in the US are frequently underrepresented in health research. Their lack of participation limits research\u27s generalizability to them and keeps them from receiving the high-quality care and innovation that some studies may offer. "Research Ready" is a 5-panel, community co-created comic-style story that encourages discussion around the purpose of research, safety while participating, and why diverse participation, including South Asians, improves study results and leads to more effective interventions/treatments. This study leveraged trained young adults "cultural insiders" to invite attendees of a Midwestern South Asian Cultural Festival to read the story aloud together as the characters in either English or Hindi and used a decision guide to invite discussion. Post-discussion surveys (N=104) were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Participants spanned from 10-79 years with 42% <18 years and more females (61%). Only 18.3% indicated having prior research participation. Adults 40+ years (60%) requested the story/discussion in Hindi, compared to 2.3% of adolescents and 6.7% of younger adults. Post discussion, more participants were willing to consider participation with most open to participating in surveys/interviews (95.2%); only 52.9% would consider studies requiring the taking of medicines. Adolescents and adults with higher education were more willing to participate in medication studies. Nearly all (97.1%) said they would feel safe participating in research and 88.5% shared that the discussion would help them better decide about future participation. In conclusion, "Research Ready" discussions shared by cultural insiders is an effective way to encourage South Asians to consider future research participation.  
Identifying Meaningful Language Outcomes for Autistic Preschoolers with an Expert Panel
No full textRecord ID: 205
Award(s): Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: NA
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to identify meaningful and measurable language outcomes that education teams can target in early childhood classroom routines with autistic preschoolers. To identify this set of outcomes, we are using an electronic Delphi Method. This method involves engaging an expert panel in multiple rounds of gathering information to narrow the field of outcomes and reach a consensus on those deemed most essential. Our panel of 28 experts includes researchers (n=13) and practitioners (n=15) with expertise in early language development, autism, and implementation of evidence-based language practices for autistic children in preschool classroom settings. Each expert also has at least 5 years of experience working directly or conducting research with autistic preschoolers. Our qualitative data analysis of the first round is underway. We plan to present the initial set of outcomes the experts identified, organized by themes. We hypothesize that we will see 35 unique expressive and receptive outcomes, such as using total communication with interaction partner (i.e. peers) and promoting autonomy (i.e. AACs) using their language/communication system
Lack of Evidence For Successful Freshwater Mussel Reintroduction in the Mill Creek
No full textRecord ID: 229
Award(s): Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: In the Fall of 2018, three freshwater mussel species were reintroduced to the Mill Creek. These species (Lampsilis siliquoidea, Lasmigona complanate, and Pyganodon grandis) were safely transported from the Miami River in Williamsburg and reintroduced into two locations in the Mill Creek (Mill Creek Alliance, 2018). The restoration of the Mill Creek has been a near decade long process to increase biodiversity and decrease local pollutants. Efforts such as removal of dams to create natural riffles have been conducted to increase water flow and expand biodiversity. Although the reason for their original extinction in the Mill Creek is unknown, it can be speculated that factors such as pollution, erosion, groundwater drawdown, and channel modification all played a significant roll in harming the mussels (High, 2018). In this study, we aimed to survey the Mill Creek to assess the status of Lampsilis siliquoidea, Lasmigona complanate, and Pyganodon grandis. Based on our findings we were able to make conclusions of the status of freshwater mussels and the overall biodiversity within the areas we surveyed. These findings yield a significant indicator for the status of Mill Creek restoration.  
Investigating Fish Gut Microbiomes Along a Nutrient and Primary Producer Gradient
No full textRecord ID: 338
Award(s): Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: NA
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: Nutrient runoff remains a significant anthropogenic pollutant in aquatic ecosystems, impacting ecosystem functions and altering the diversity and composition of organisms at the foundation of the food chain, such as algae and bacteria. These changes affect organisms like fish that rely on these foundational species as a food source. Consequently, alterations to food sources can influence fish growth, health, development, and potentially their microbiomes. While traditional indicators such as weight, length at age, and physical anomalies are commonly used to assess fish health, the significance of microbiomes in this context remains less understood. Despite evidence linking microbiomes to critical aspects of fish health, including growth, development, immunity, and ultimately mortality, their role as a health metric remains underexplored. For these reasons, we seek to better understand how variation in ambient nutrients and associated changes in algal food resources impact the gut microbiomes of herbivores that consume algae. To achieve this, we chose to analyze the gut microbiome of the Central Stoneroller (Campostoma anomalum), an obligate herbivore and common fish species in eastern North America. These analyses will measure gut microbiome composition and diversity, allowing us to discern patterns and correlations between nutrient site data and microbiome compositions. These findings hold the potential to identify any connections between nutrient pollution, periphyton food sources, and fish health, thereby informing better nutrient management policies for freshwater ecosystems. Ultimately, this research aims to contribute to ongoing discussions in aquatic ecology while expanding on the understanding of the impacts of nutrient pollution on aquatic ecosystems. 
Racial Disparities in Ohio Specialty Court Dockets
No full textRecord ID: 308
Award(s): Excellence in Undergraduate Research Mentorship
Program Affiliation: McNair Scholars Program
Presentation Type: Podium
Abstract: In a 2020 report commissioned by the Ohio Supreme Court, researchers from American University found concerns with respect to equity in access, participation, and success in Ohio\u27s specialty court dockets using their Racial and Ethnic Disparities (RED) assessment tool. The specialty court dockets in Ohio routinely provide the Ohio Supreme Court demographic information for individuals referred, accepted, and graduating from these dockets. Data pulled from 3 time points in 2021 suggest ongoing racial disparities at all three status points. Using data from 3 mental health courts situated in one large urban locale, we coded mental health court participants\u27 criminal history data using county court records to determine if one cause of the observed disparities had to do with the courts\u27 admissions criteria with respect to criminal history. Results and implications will be discussed
Abuse Patterns in Single-Mother Households with Live-In Paramours
No full textRecord ID: 33
Award(s): Excellence in Undergraduate Research Mentorship
Program Affiliation: NA
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: Throughout the 2023-2024 school year I have researched abuse patterns in single-mother households with live-in paramours. I have included data from substantiated physical and sexual abuse cases in Clermont County, Ohio. The outcome of the data will further be released later in the semester at the Showcase. 
Do Overall Land Management Practices Positively Contribute to Fledgling Success in Bluebirds, Tree Swallows, Carolina Chickadees, and House Wrens? (1996-2022)
Get PDFRecord ID: 219
Program Affiliation: Braun Environmental Science Fellowship
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: The effect of land management practices contribution to fledgling success in Bluebirds, Tree Swallows, Carolina Chickadees and House Wrens was studied at the Cincinnati Nature Center Rowe Woods location as well as the Long Branch Farm location. The study consisted of three parts. Firstly, data collected by staff and volunteers from 2012-2022 was compiled and organized into data tables. This collected data occurred weekly with trained staff and volunteers observing birdbox inhabitors as well as their life cycle stage and health condition. Next, both maps and ArcGIS were used to determine which areas had undergone land management practices. Finally, analysis of data was completed comparing presence to absence of land management practices. Since none of the data yielded statistically significant results, land management practices contribution alone to fledgling success cannot be determined. However, the presence of land management practices is clearly one factor in determining condition of habitat as well as food and health. Further experimentation is warranted, especially on the prevalence and diversity of birds at the Cincinnati Nature Center.  
Carbon Crediting: A Green Space Bandage or Cure
No full textRecord ID: 247
Award(s): Excellence in Undergraduate Research Mentorship
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: The City of Cincinnati has proposed the Green Cincinnati Plan to help reduce greenhouse emissions and improve sustainability. Within this plan, there are many actions proposed to help make the city sustainable. Specifically, one proposed action focuses on whether carbon crediting can be an incentive to create green spaces throughout Cincinnati. Currently, there has been little research done on carbon credits in Cincinnati, although my preliminary research on other cities has shown that carbon credits can help incentivize green spaces but with little impact on overall carbon emissions. Partnering with the city\u27s Office of Environment and Sustainability, I have conducted research centered around this question: How can the City of Cincinnati provide incentives and support for the use of carbon crediting and/or carbon offset programs to fund tree planting, maintenance, land conservation, and forest rehabilitation? In order to provide the Office with the information needed, I conducted research on how cities similar to Cincinnati have handled this action. Topics such as the upkeep of green spaces and how they affect the surrounding communities have also been observed. Additionally, data on the effectiveness of carbon crediting and carbon offsetting was collected. The outcome of this work will allow the city of Cincinnati to put in place actions to support green spaces