Journals@UC (University of Cincinnati)
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Preventing Pressure Ulcers by the Use of Z-Flo Fluidized Positioners
No full textRecord ID: 144
Award(s): Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: The study of interventions to reduce pressure ulcers is important to improving patient outcomes. Pressure ulcers can interfere with patients\u27 recovery and may contribute to longer hospital stays, pain, and increases risk of infections. The purpose of our project is to educate nurses on an orthopedic and neurology unit on how Z-Flo fluidized positioners can help prevent pressure ulcers. The specific goal of our project addresses hospital-acquired pressure ulcers. The goal of our project is to implement fluidized positioners and turning of patients instead of current practice of regular pillows/wedges to reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers. Our current strategy for achieving our goal is to provide an educational course to nurses to inform them about using Z-Flo devices to prevent pressure injuries. After the course, nurses will be given a small test so their knowledge can be evaluated. After that we will also allow feedback to be given so the course can be improved. Based on research conducted by our group, the project results should reflect that using Z-Flo fluidized positioners helps reduce the risk of pressure ulcers. The necessary frequency of turns was not evident in our research, however it was clear that it should be assessed using multiple factors. The value of this information is to share the evidence of fluidized positioners to become common practice due to its prevention of developing hospitalacquired pressure injuries, which many hospitals are plagued with.  
The Effects of Electrical Stimulation and Perturbation on Anterior-Posterior Postural Sway
No full textRecord ID: 239
Award(s): Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: Previous research explores muscle activation during postural control. The ankle strategy is essential for static postural control, and the gastrocnemius is one of the initial muscles recruited. Improvements in postural control have been demonstrated when transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) was applied to the gastrocnemius during static stance. This study investigated the influence of TENS applied to the gastrocnemius on postural sway in response to perturbation. Students from the College of Allied Health Sciences with no known conditions impacting balance were recruited. Electrodes were adhered to the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius on both legs. Total center of pressure (COP) displacement values collected from AMTI force plate were measured under four conditions varying TENS stimulation and perturbations. The t-tests displayed a statistically significant difference (p=0.009 and p=0.003) in postural sway between trials with TENS compared to those without TENS. Application of TENS impacted postural sway. In conditions without a perturbation, postural sway was increased with application of TENS. The increased sway demonstrated in these trials may be due to activation of the gastrocnemius inducing postural sway in the absence of a perturbation. In conditions with a perturbation, postural sway was decreased with the application of TENS. Anterior-posterior sway caused by the perturbation is dampened by the electrical stimulation of the gastrocnemius
Analyzing the Benefits and Opportunities of a Streetcar in Clifton
No full textRecord ID: 104
Award(s): Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Video
Abstract: According to the EPA, transportation is the leading source of carbon emissions in the United States, with personal vehicles making up 57% of those emissions. The Cincinnati Enquirer has also reported that between 2017 and 2022, there has been one pedestrian injured by a vehicle every three weeks. Our project will benefit the city of Cincinnati and the students on UC\u27s campus by lowering single-passenger transportation to reduce carbon emissions. We will promote a free and convenient transportation option for Clifton residents and advocate for an increase in ridership. We will conduct research on students\u27 current engagement with the streetcar and their likeability to ride if it were to connect Clifton to downtown Cincinnati, along with studying similar cities\u27 successful streetcar campaigns. We will also create a marketing plan on how to promote the streetcar to increase ridership, along with advocating for its extension to Clifton. We will discover what the most efficient steps for Cincinnati to take regarding the streetcar. We will support these steps by understanding UC\u27s potential riders and other similar cities\u27 successes. This research is crucial to help Cincinnati reach its carbon emission reduction goals
Ground Level Ozone Pollution Regulation to Improve Cincinnati Air Quality
No full textRecord ID: 258
Award(s): Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Video
Abstract: Cincinnati has a history of consistently poor air quality which increases the prevalence of breathing issues in residents and decreases overall quality of life. The primary forms of pollution that contribute to this issue come from ground level ozone and particulate matter. Ground level ozone is created through the interaction of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, usually from vehicles, in the presence of sunlight. Hamilton county received a letter F ranking (the lowest score) for ozone pollution from the American Lung Association\u27s 2023 State of the Air assessment because of frequent violations of the EPA Clean Air Act. Following the Green Cincinnati Plan\u27s priority action to strengthen air emission regulations, this project seeks to recommend next steps in the process of improving this grading through pollution source management. By examining programs where local regulations are more stringent than those of the federal or state government, it can be determined if stricter regulations are feasible for Cincinnati.  
Comparing Verb Use Amongst Spanish-English Bilingual Speakers in the United States
No full textRecord ID: 149
Program Affiliation: McNair Scholars Program
Presentation Type: Podium
Abstract: This study investigates Spanish-English bilingual speakers\u27 use of verbs in Spanish and its connection to the speakers\u27 initial age of acquiring English in the United States. Simultaneous bilingual speakers are those who learned Spanish & English at the same time, while sequential bilingual speakers are those who learned Spanish first & later English. In Spanish, one can form a sentence like Ser una buena persona es importante. (Being a good person is important). However, it\u27s expected that simultaneous bilinguals would create the same sentence as, Siendo una buena persona es importante. This phenomenon is likely to occur because in English, our gerunds or -ing verbs don\u27t have an auxiliary verb. The investigation uses a Texas bilingual corpus (a collection of written texts) with 96 participants to answer said question. From the interviews with the participants, their uses of the infinitives ser (to be), estar (to be), tener (to have), querer (to want), hacer (to do) as a gerund & also their use of siendo (being), estando (being), teniendo (having), queriendo (wanting), & haciendo (doing) without an auxiliary verb are noted. A series of statistical analyses will help determine whether there is a disparity in the use of verb forms amongst speakers. The results of the research will shed light on an understudied area of linguistics & increase existing knowledge about the effects English-Spanish bilingualism has on bilingual grammar.  
How Individuals with Developmental Disabilities Experience Healthcare
No full textRecord ID: 36
Program Affiliation: NA
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: Individuals with developmental disabilities are often overlooked and underappreciated. Knowing this information, I wanted to dive deeper into the satisfaction individuals with developmental disabilities had regarding their healthcare. The project has both scientific and ethical goals. The scientific goal was to understand not only individuals\u27 satisfaction with previous healthcare providers but also look at whether individuals with guardians believe having a guardian plays a role in higher satisfaction of healthcare services. Ethically, however, the project raises serious questions about the overall care of individuals when seeking medical assistance when sick or injured. To answer these questions, We surveyed individuals with developmental disabilities who receive services from the Clermont County Board of Developmental Disabilities. Through our interview questions, we could see the satisfaction divide between individuals who have a caregiver attend doctor appointments with them and those who are their own guardians. We also determined if they felt they had the opportunity to self-advocate when they were at medical appointments. The outcome of the work will help understand where healthcare services still need to be updated to make seeking assistance more accessible to individuals with disabilities. 
Decreasing Pain Perception in Laboring Patients with the Use of Music Therapy
No full textRecord ID: 166
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: Labor pain is a high-level, long-lasting pain perceived during labor which may have an adverse effect on the delivery of a newborn. Music therapy seems to have beneficial effects on labor pain by reducing labor pain perception by 3.41 times. The purpose of this project is to implement music therapy on a Labor and delivery unit. The project will educate Labor and Delivery nurses on the beneficial effects of music therapy on laboring patients. A 10-minute presentation PowerPoint will be presented along with an educational handout. A pre-test and post-test will be given to assess changes of Staff Nurse\u27s current knowledge of and attitude towards music therapy in labor. Results pending. 
Developing Strategies to Increase Biodiversity and Native Plants in Urban Agriculture to Mitigate Climate Change
No full textRecord ID: 105
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Video
Abstract: Current climate trends have a major impact on crop success. Climate change causes issues with growing seasons and precipitation. This has large impacts on the success of farming in urban areas and rural areas, which can dissuade people from pursuing work in gardens or urban farming and impact food security. I looked at current methods of urban farming and how they are impacted by or contributing to climate change and crop failure and what methods could be adjusted or changed to mitigate these effects. I researched native Ohio plants that are edible and how to increase the use of these and biodiversity in gardening and urban farming, as well as how garden locations and indoor farming could help mitigate changing climate and increase urban agriculture\u27s success. Promoting rooftop gardens and increasing knowledge about native plants would help farmers combat climate change and success in farming in urban areas. Rooftop gardens are important for battling heat island effect caused by climate change and increasing local, accessible food. promoting native edible plants in urban agriculture would help this. Native plants improve the biodiversity of pollinators and other animals and require less maintenance. These could help mitigate climate change consequences and provide food security. This would contribute to other areas of the Green Cincinnati Plan and would create agriculture jobs in Cincinnati. Some next steps could include increasing funding and incentives for biodiverse, native plants in gardening, and for use of controlled environment agriculture or similar methods of urban farming.  
A Concept on Biodegradability of Fatliquors: A Sustainable and Cleaner Leather Processing
No full textThe biodegradability of a fatliquor is an important parameter to consider in leather processing as it is critical to obtain an easily treatable waste effluent leading towards a more sustainable and cleaner environment. Fatliquor biodegradability depends upon the functional groups (double bond or hydroxyl) present in the oil after chemical modification, the level and ratio of functional groups impact the degree of biodegradability. In the present investigation, the chemical modification of castor oil was achieved via the sulfation method by varying the level of concentrated sulfuric acid H2SO4 (17 to 19 ml per 100 gm of castor oil) is tested for fatliquoring properties against a control (Turkey Red Oil). The sample treated with 17 ml concentrated H2SO4 shows better biodegradability than the other samples. The FTIR, particle size and zeta potential analysis of experimental fatliquors and morphological and physical strength (tensile strength, and elongation) characterization of the experimental leathers are comparable to the standard values