Journals@UC (University of Cincinnati)
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A Novel Recycling Technology for Chrome Shavings: Application of Non-Swelling Acids during Dechroming Process
No full textTo separate and recycle collagen fibers and chromium from chrome shavings is important for the sustainable development of leather industry. However, the requirement of chromium content for a wide range of industrial applications of the recycled collagen fibers is limited to 50 mg/kg, which is challenging for the current dechroming methods. Hence, the goal of this work was to establish an efficient dechroming method to address this problem based on the OH- replacement and non-swelling acid application principles. In this study, the types of aromatic sulfonic acids and the parameters of the dechroming processes were optimized, and the tanning performance of the recycled chromium was investigated. The results indicated that disposal of the alkali treated chrome shavings with a mixed acids exhibited high dechroming extent and low extent of collagen hydrolysis, and the optimal ratio of sulfuric acid (20%) to optimized non- swelling acid-sulfone sulfonic acid was 7:1 at pH 1.0 and 25°C. The resultant collagen fibers retained their fiber structure and had a maximum hydrolysis extent of 10.6%, with a chromium content of 39.9 mg/kg. Additionally, the chromium in the dechroming filter liquor displayed good alkali precipitation property, and the chromium concentration of the precipitate’s supernatant satisfied the requirements for direct discharge, approximately 1.05 mg/L, and the recovered chromium exhibited good tanning performance. Therefore, the newly developed salt free chrome shavings treatment method is a promising resource recycling technology and may be helpful for the sustainable development of the leather industr
Tambaqui (Colossoma Macropomum) Leather Tanning: A Study on the Influence of Skin Morphology on the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Leather
No full textThe fish production chain presents losses of up to 35%, generating a large amount of waste. Using these residues to produce valueadded materials boost fish production towards a sustainable path. The use of fish skin to obtain leather is increasingly attracting the market for fashion and luxury products. Besides considered an exotic material with a unique design, fish leather also has good mechanical properties. Due to the morphology of fish skin, different mechanical responses can be observed, depending on the leather cutting direction. However, there are no specific technical standards for sampling this material. In this scenario, 45 Tambaqui skins were tanned with chromium associated with oxazolidine, and the mechanical properties of the leather were evaluated in four cutting directions: parallel, perpendicular, dorsal-ventral and ventral-dorsal, all concerning the cephalocaudal line of the fish. Skin and leather micrographs revealed layers of parallel collagen fiber bundles distributed in superimposed layers oriented obliquely to the preceding one. Insertions of collagen fibers perpendicular to the leather surface were also observed, joining the deeper layers to the superficial layers. Tensile strength (TS) and elongation (E) results indicated statistical differences, with higher TS results for the perpendicular cut and greater elongation for the parallel cut. The tear strength was higher for the ventral-dorsal cut, statistically differing from the parallel cut. The data indicate that the cutting direction of the specimen can influence the physical-mechanical behavior of the leather, reinforcing the importance of standardization for the qualitative evaluation of fish leather
Exploring Structural Features of Bovine, Ovine, Fish, Poultry, Reptile, Amphibian, and Porcine Skins through Scanning Electron Microscopy: Insights for Material Science and Sustainable Design
No full textIn leather research, the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) proves to be an invaluable tool, offering detailed and high-resolution images of both the surface and fiber structure. This information plays a critical role in optimizing manufacturing processes within the leather industry, enhancing the quality of leather products, and contributing to the development of new materials. In the current study, our focus is on unraveling the microscopic details of skins sourced from various biological origins. We aim to provide insights into the distinctive morphological features, fiber arrangements, and surface topographies of bovine, ovine, fish, poultry, reptile, amphibian, and porcine skins, which were converted into crust leathers. We captured microphotographs of the surfaces and crosssections of the leathers through scanning electron microscopy analysis. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison and discussion of the findings, seeking to identify key differences and similarities. Such a comparative analysis contributes to our understanding of material science, fashion, and sustainable design, offering potential implications for these diverse fields
French Food Culture--Normandie Research Project
No full textIn this presentation, I explore the food commonly found in the Normandie Region of France through an oral presentation on the research I have completed. I provide an introduction to my region of France. From there I will discuss how the evolution of food production and consummation of my region relates to the book Savoire-Faire by Tebben. Included in my presentation will be the food and drink specialties of my region. Food sustainability initiatives and present influences on food culture in Normandie will also be explored
Gender & Development: Igbo Women\u27s Socio-Economic Impact on Nigeria Post-Nigerian-Biafra War
No full textRecord ID: 69
Award(s): Excellence in Undergraduate Research Mentorship; Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Grad-Undergrad Research Mentorship
Presentation Type: Podium
Abstract: With the growing focus on development in Nigeria from Western scholars and media the local perspectives often heard are political figures and men in positions of authority within society, leading to the exclusion of women\u27s experiences and narratives in current development projects as well as development project through Nigeria complex history. My research on the Nigeria-Biafra War contributes to the limited work on non-traditional lenses of war, shifting focus away from Western, patriarchal perspective of war and conflict, specifically concerning conflicts in African states. The Nigeria-Biafra War was a detrimental occurrence for Nigeria and although there is scholarship on the matter, it is limited in how it assesses the civil war and the wars historical impacts. It is evident that this war still impacts the state of Nigeria 53 years later, it is imperative to explore how it has impacted women whose voices and experiences have frequently gone unexamined in scholarly work on this topic. This research is conducted primarily through literacy analysis of poems and memories of Igbos during the war and post-war and is supported by secondary data analysis of quantitative data collected by individuals who have worked on studies related to this research. This work seeks to encourage more scholarship by African women that explores conflicts, in Africa and the Global South, with a lens that intersects the various social identities.
 
Improved Preceptor Competency with Formal Check-Ins
No full textRecord ID: 117
Award(s): Excellence in Undergraduate Research Mentorship; Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Capstone; Co-op
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: Cincinnati Children\u27s Medical Center currently does not have a formal preceptor feedback program to further the education of their preceptors during preceptorship. The purpose of our educational project is to educate nurse educators on three check-ins that would increase preceptor competency. We created an education session which we presented to nurse educators. Our education outlined the three evidence-based check-in meetings using the Ask-Tell-Ask-Teach model. Each meeting would be fifteen minutes in length and would reinforce the topics of learning styles, situational awareness, and communication, which are key topics presented in the existing preceptor education class. Pre- and post-educational intervention quizzes assessed knowledge gained. Results pending.  
Effects of Trauma Debriefing in the Critical Care Setting
No full textRecord ID: 141
Award(s): Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: Registered nurses in the critical care setting often encounter traumatic events throughout their career. The literature search was conducted to find effective ways to debrief in the emergency department following a critical event and why it was important. The goal of this project is to educate emergency room nurses on the importance of a consistent debriefing process after traumatic events. We created an education session and have a handout that will include the benefits of debriefing on mental health, how it improves practice and teamwork, and how to implement debriefing tools in the workplace. A pre and post-test will be administered to assess the knowledge before and after our information is presented. Our results are pending. We anticipate that the ED staff will realize the benefits of debriefing and will be compelled to implement a consistent debriefing process in their practice.  
Exploring the Impact and Benefits of Simulation-Based Education and On Clinical Application and Competency in Speech-Language Pathology Graduate Programs
No full textRecord ID: 146
Award(s): Excellence in Undergraduate Research Mentorship; Excellence in Research Communication
Program Affiliation: Capstone
Presentation Type: Poster
Abstract: Over the past decade, simulated learning has become more popular at the university level. Simulation specifically gained popularity in clinically based programs during the pandemic, as methods were needed to assist students in reaching clinical competency in the absence of the ability to attend live clinical sites. This project aimed to provide student investigators with experiences to promote a greater understanding of a variety of communication disorders and competency-based clinical application using online learning tools, particularly the navigation of a simulation-based platform, Simucase, and the creation of competency quizzes for graduate students through a university learning management system (LMS), Canvas. Completing simulations and navigating Simucase allowed for the capstone students to learn about the structure of simulation-based education and higher-level topics in Speech-Language Pathology (SLP). Debriefing about their experience with the capstone advisor helped them to deepen their understanding of this new knowledge. Capstone students further expanded their expertise in navigating Canvas through the creation of clinical competency quizzes. In total, 18 quizzes were created covering both assessment and treatment in the American Speech Language Hearing Association’s (ASHA) 9 clinical competency areas. In conclusion, the project allowed for capstone students to expand their knowledge and skills with a specific online learning tool, SimuCase, and a learning management system, Canvas, whilst broadening their understanding of graduate level topics in SLP; moreover, a standardized method of assessing graduate student competency with assigned simulations was developed.