Journals@UC (University of Cincinnati)
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The AI Writing Revolution is Here: Teaching with writing in Human Development
Get PDFWidely available generative artificial intelligence (AI) has changed the process of teaching with writing. This personal narrative describes the changes made to a lifespan development writing intensive course in Fall 2024. Changes focused particularly on enhancing student engagement, motivation, and informed choice throughout the assignments and activities of the course. Additional changes planned for future semesters are discussed.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, teaching with writing, higher education, college teaching, writin
Integrating Contemporary Topics and Methodologies into Experiential Learning for Business Analytics Students
Get PDFThis reflection explores the integration of contemporary topics and methodologies into experiential learning for business analytics students at Carnegie Mellon University. It highlights curriculum innovations, including the incorporation of digital twins, collective intelligence, and large language models (LLMs), and describes a novel AI-augmented system for capstone project team formation. The authors also allude to insights from a pilot study on collaborative deliberation methods using swarm intelligence platforms. Key takeaways emphasize the pedagogical value of real-world, data-driven projects and the importance of scaffolding support to address domain complexity and diverse student backgrounds. The work potentially demonstrates how LLMs can enhance both instructional design and educational operations research
Adapting to AI in General Education: Transforming assignment design and assessment practices in political science
No full textEnhancing Chrome-free Leather Quality through Enzymatic Bating Technology: Ying Song, Lixiang Zhang, Yue Yu, Ya-nan Wang, Bi Shi and Yunhang Zeng
No full textEnvironmentally friendly chrome-free tannages are receiving increasing attention in the leather industry. However, their application is limited due to the generally inferior properties of chrome-free leathers compared to chrome-tanned leather. This study presents an effective method to improve the sensory and physical properties of chrome-free leathers. Three types of representative chrome-free tanned leathers, namely, vegetable-tanned leather (VTL), chrome-free metal-tanned leather (MTL), and aldehyde- tanned leather (ATL), were bated with proteases to improve the leather quality. Catalytic activity assays demonstrated that the vegetable tanning agent (ME) considerably inhibited the protease activity, whereas the chrome-free metal tanning agent (TWLZ) and aldehyde tanning agent (PAT) had no negative impact. Fluorescence and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy analyses revealed that ME reduced the hydrophobicity of tyrosine and tryptophan residues, while TWLZ and PAT only slightly influence the conformation of protease, which may account for the observed changes in the protease activity. Influenced by the isoelectric points of protease and leather, as well as the bating pH, protease transferred slowly in the MTL, but rapidly in the VTL and ATL. The three enzymatic bated chrome-free leathers resulted in increased dye and fatliquor uptake, higher yield, enhanced softness, tensile strength, and tear strength, while maintaining the intact natural pattern and causing moderate collagen damage. These results indicate that enzymatic bating is a promising approach for improving the quality of chrome-free leather and broadening the application of chrome-free tannages
Current Understanding of the Role of Surface Charge in the Mass Transfer of Enzymes into Animal Hide/Skin: A Comprehensive Analysis and Review
No full textThe key point for enzymes to effectively play their roles in the enzymatic animal hide/skin collagen purification processing is to pass through the diffusion barriers and evenly disperse in the hide/skin. Enzyme and collagen proteins can dissociate and adsorb H+ to generate surface charges at the solid-liquid interface of animal hides/skins. The surface charge interaction between the enzyme and the hide/skin is an important factor affecting the mass transfer of enzymes into animal hides/skins. In this review, the structure, composition and charge characteristics of the permeation channels, the generation mechanism of surface charge at the solid-liquid interface, and the factors that affect the surface charge between enzymes and permeation channels were summarized. Especially, the surface charge interaction between the enzymes and the micro-nano permeation channels was first highlighted. In addition, the application of charge regulation methods to enhance the permeability of enzymes into the animal hide/skin was introduced, and new ideas were put forward to reduce the resistance of solid-liquid interface charge for achieving rapid mass transfer and uniform diffusion of the enzymes. This review has great guiding significance for enzymatic animal hide/skin collagen purification and the preparation of collagen-based raw materials
Research on a Path Planning Algorithm for Leather-Grasping Robots Based on Improved RRT
No full textTo address the randomness, inefficiency, and lack of guidance inherent in traditional Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithms when applied to the path planning of dual-arm robots for spreading and grasping leather, an improved RRT algorithm is proposed. Considering the flexible nature of leather, the concept of a dynamic artificial potential field is introduced to dynamically adjust attractive and repulsive forces, guiding the random tree’s growth toward the target direction. This approach reduces blind searches, enhances the algorithm’s guiding capability, and accelerates planning. Furthermore, cubic non-uniform B spline curves are employed to smooth the planned path, ensuring a continuous trajectory for the robotic end-effector. Simulation results demonstrate that the improved algorithm achieves higher search efficiency and lower path costs when planning the grasping path for leather corners. Compared with the traditional RRT algorithm, the proposed method generates superior paths for leather manipulation task
Low Salt Skin Preservation with Gossypium hirstum Seed: A Cleaner Approach
No full textHides and skin preservation has been prominently undergoing salt curing technique for centuries which uses high amount of NaCl (40%) that causes huge amount of total dissolved solids (TDS) and salinity in soaking wastewater of leather processing. Recently, Phyto based preservation is getting emphasis due to being sustainable with less environmental impact. In this study, Gossypium hirstum (cotton) seed powder (5%-7.5%) with 10% salt were applied as a novel source for goatskin preservation. Curing efficiency was monitored by checking organoleptic and physiochemical properties (moisture content, shrinkage temperature, bacterial count, nitrogen content, etc.) at regular intervals. Accomplishing the preservation period, preserved skins were processed into shoe upper leather. The pollution parameters were checked from soaking waste liquor to evaluate the environmental impact. SEM analysis and physical properties were evaluated to check the quality of the produced shoe upper leather. The results revealed that newly developed preservative can preserve goatskin for up to 28 days without any deterioration. Experiments reduced pollution by lowering chloride levels 65.33%-66.91%, total dissolved solids by 41.06%-35.2%, biochemical oxygen demand by 30.86%-34.28% percent, and chemical oxygen demand by 41.06%-35.2%. According to the correlation study, there were significant dependencies between the goatskin preservation efficacy parameters, with strong correlation (r = − 0.976, p<0.001) found between shrinkage temperature and moisture content. Surface topography and physical strength of the produced leather was comparable to conventional shoe upper leather. Thus, the introduced seed powder could be one of the valuable sources of eco-friendly leather preservation to reduce environmental pollutio
The Role of Landscape Elements in Outdoor Learning Environment Design to Facilitate STEAM Learning in Early Years: Learning in Early Years:
No full textChildren learn from their surroundings during the early years, and a diverse natural environment inherently affords informal STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) learning behaviors. Engaging in STEAM activities helps young minds not only appreciate and understand their environment but also enhances curiosity, questioning, exploration, discussion, investigation, reflection, and the formation of ideas and theories. Postulating that an outdoor learning environment designed with appropriate landscape elements for children ages 3-5 is associated with increased occurrences of STEAM-related behaviors and learning activities, the study utilized a nature-based preschool in Texas as a case study to test the hypothesis. During recess, we videotaped the play and learning behaviors of 171 children in 18 different play settings with multiple cameras and coded the video data using MAXQDA software. The findings reveal that children engage in STEAM-related activities in settings that offer varied and flexible affordances, such as sand and water play areas, loose parts play, and places with diverse natural topography. 
Children as Designers of Texts: Punctuating Persuasive Writing
No full textFramed within literacy education and applied linguistics, children’s playful punctuation is considered within a paradigm of ‘writing as design’. Drawing particularly on the work of Sharples (1999), the article examines data from a repeat design study of 9–11 year old children tackling a persuasive description task. The data showed evidence of children making plans, setting goals and satisfying constraints to fulfil communicative effect. As well as being testament to children’s ingenuity in using punctuation in creative ways, the findings have implications for how the writing process is conceptualised and for how writing is taught
Leather-like Mycelium Material: Future Prospects for Sustainable Innovation in India
No full textLeather production poses significant environmental challenges and questions about sustainability. The harmful chemicals, overdrawn water, polluted air and water resources, and contribution to the destruction of forests, are some of the main issues in leather production, and have fueled the search for sustainable alternatives. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current status and future prospects of LMM (leather-like mycelium material) in the Indian market.
The study begun by elucidating the environmental impact of traditional leather and the need for sustainable innovation. The paper then delves into the production of LMM, exploring the cultivation of fungus mycelium and its conversion into a viable leather alternative. Authors highlight its potential through its versatility, and suitability as an emergent solution.
Furthermore, the paper analyzes the current regulatory environmentand consumer attitudes towards LMM. Authors identify potentialchallenges and opportunities by considering market acceptance,technological advancements, and collaborative efforts. Case studiesprovide practical insights into its current applications at global leveland Indian initiatives reference to mycelium products.
In conclusion, with India’s focus on sustainable circular economic practices, LMM holds great promise for a more eco-friendly and socially responsible leather industry. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations for stakeholders, policymakers, and industry players to facilitate the adoption and growth of LMM inthe dynamic Indian market