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Fabric/ating communities in the work of Ebony Patterson and Nyugen Smith: distortions and re-directions of scales, places and gazes
No full textInternational audienceThis article links the works of two Caribbean American visual artists, Ebony Patterson and Nyugen Smith, who include in their equally large installations practices of sewing, stitching, quilting, combining and assembling fabric and thread. In the context of Black Atlantic deportations, these practices function as rites of togetherness within a haunted space of forced mobility and uprootedness, as well as of reconstitution of isolated and frail traces. I contend that both visual artists open up a space of fabric/ation where experiences of Black diasporic existence can be gathered and shared, thus making for a common and communal reception of aesthetic sensibility. This is operated through work on scale, which is both monumental and minute; and on the de-centered spatiality implemented by works which are both immediately striking, and long to circulate through and around in their entirety. Ultimately, Patterson’s and Smith’s works interrogate the direction of White gazes on the Black body
New lanthanide complexes for in vivo luminescent biphotonic and MRI imaging
No full textNational audienc
Zinc finger peptide-based bimodal MRI/PET probes for in vivo Zinc(II) detection
No full textInternational audienc
Prozac 2.0 : de l’antidépresseur à l’antiviral
No full textInternational audienceNo abstract availabl
Measuring Climate Performance Against National Commitments: A Gap-to-Target Indicator for the Kyoto Protocol, First and Second NDCs
No full textThis paper introduces a new indicator to assess countries' climate performance by comparing their effective greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with the levels implied by their commitments under the Kyoto Protocol and the first and second Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). Existing climate indices track emissions or policy ambition but do not provide a harmonised, cross-country measure of the distance to pledged mitigation targets. Building on the literature on distance-to-target metrics, we develop a simple Gap-to-Target indicator applicable across successive commitment cycles.Using data for 135 countries over 1990-2024, we compute annual measures of alignment with national pledges and document systematic patterns across income groups, regions, and commitment periods. Descriptive trends reveal a widening disconnect between rising ambition and realised emissions, especially under the second NDC cycle. Dynamic system-GMM estimations show that economic development, renewable energy deployment, environmental expenditure, fiscal capacity, and climate vulnerability are key determinants of countries' ability to meet their commitments.The Gap-to-Target indicator offers policymakers and international financial institutions a transparent tool to track performance, identify structural implementation gaps, and better target climate finance, and it can be extended to other environmental commitments such as biodiversity or land degradation neutrality.The indicator can also be extended to the upcoming 2025 NDCs and future commitment cycles, enhancing its relevance for long-term climate governance. With appropriate sub-national data, it could further be adapted to regional and local authorities, supporting the decentralisation of climate action monitoring.</p
L’utilisation du jeu dans le développement du vocabulaire géométrique en école maternelle
No full textThis thesis is part of a reflection on the role of play in the development of vocabulary specific to geometry in kindergarten. Through an experiment conducted in two PS/MS classes, it aims to evaluate the impact of a sequence integrating games on the acquisition and use of vocabulary relating to geometric shapes. Two hypotheses were formulated : on the one hand, that peer interactions generated by the game promote the emergence of vocabulary, and on the other hand, that the enrichment of the lexicon is more qualitative when the games combine visual and tactile recognition. Analysis of the results, based on audio and video recordings, shows that students who followed the fun sequence interacted more and used more geometric terms than those in the control classes. However, the accuracy of lexical usage was sometimes found to be lower, and the expected effects of the haptic modality were nuanced. Thus, this work highlights the educational potential of the game to promote verbalization and appropriation of mathematical language.Ce mémoire s’inscrit dans une réflexion sur le rôle du jeu dans le développement du vocabulaire spécifique à la géométrie en maternelle. À travers une expérimentation menée dans deux classes de PS/MS, il vise à évaluer l’impact d’une séquence intégrant des jeux sur l’acquisition et l’usage du lexique relatif aux formes géométriques. Deux hypothèses ont été formulées : d’une part, que les interactions entre pairs générées par le jeu favorisent l’émergence du vocabulaire, et d’autre part, que l’enrichissement du lexique est plus qualitatif lorsque les jeux combinent reconnaissance visuelle et tactile. L’analyse des résultats, fondée sur des enregistrements audio et vidéo, montre que les élèves ayant suivi la séquence ludique ont davantage interagi et utilisé plus de termes géométriques que ceux des classes témoins. Toutefois, la précision de l’usage lexical s’est révélée parfois inférieure, et les effets attendus de la modalité haptique ont été nuancés. Ainsi, ce travail met en évidence le potentiel pédagogique du jeu pour favoriser la verbalisation et l’appropriation du langage mathématique
AQUA BIEN-ÊTRE : Amélioration du bien-être des truites d'élevage : besoins, indicateurs spécifiques et effets des enrichissements
No full textCe numéro traite de résultats de projets lauréats en 2019 l'appel à projet CASDAR (Compte d'Affectation Spéciale Développement Agricole et Rural), "Innovation et Partenariat" et "Recherche Technologique. Ces projets sont financés par le ministère de l'Agriculture et de la Souveraineté Alimentaire.National audienceThe article explores the improvement of farming conditions for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), thedominant species in French aquaculture, in the context of growing expectations regarding animal welfare.The AQUA BIEN-ÊTRE project identified 13 health indicators and 12 behavioral indicators to assess theirwell-being, highlighting their behavioral needs. Environmental enrichments were tested, including bubblediffusion as a feeding predictive signal and the introduction of physical structures (pipes, artificial plants),which reduced aggressive behaviors, enhanced cognitive abilities, and maintained growth performance.The EBENE® tool, partially developed within this framework, offers an innovative method to assess andoptimize welfare in farming practices, with potential for adaptation to other economically significantspecies.L'article explore l'amélioration des conditions d'élevage des truites arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss), espèce dominante de l'aquaculture française, dans un contexte d'attentes croissantes en matière de bienêtre animal. Le projet AQUA BIEN-ÊTRE a permis d'identifier 13 indicateurs sanitaires et 12 comportementaux pour évaluer leur bien-être, en mettant en lumière leurs besoins comportementaux. Des enrichissements environnementaux ont été testés, incluant la diffusion de bulles comme signal prédictif du nourrissage et l'introduction de structures physiques (tuyaux, plantes artificielles), réduisant les comportements agressifs, améliorant les capacités cognitives et maintenant les performances de croissance. L'outil EBENE®, développé en partie dans ce cadre, offre une méthode innovante pour évaluer et optimiser le bien-être en élevage, avec des perspectives d'adaptation à d'autres espèces d'intérêt économique
Cathodic protection of historical metal-hulled shipwrecks: A complementary approach from on-site global measurements to multiscale characterization (corrosion layers, biodiversity, and electrochemical measurements)
No full textInternational audienceThousands of metal wrecks lie along the French coast, serving as tangible reminders of the two world conflicts. Over time, these contemporary wrecks have gradually formed artificial reefs. However, they deteriorate under the effect of corrosion, leading to the loss of valuable historical information and the potential release of polluting compounds and metals. This evolution of shipwrecks has drastic consequences for marine ecosystems and environment. To preserve these submerged structures and prevent their complete degradation, the French ANR project Save Our Shipwrecks (SOS) proposes to implement cathodic protection treatments on pilot wrecks in the English Channel and in Mediterranean. While cathodic protection is well-mastered for uncorroded metals, its application to heavily corroded submerged structures presents significant scientific and technical challenges. The SOS project is developing a new methodology by studying two shipwrecks located in different environments (e.g., geographical, depth). The wrecks are investigated comprehensively—from their metallic core to corrosion and concretion layers—as well as in relation to their surrounding environments, including sediments and biodiversity, both with and without the application of cathodic protection
Secure state estimation for controlled continuous-time linear systems in the presence of sensors and actuators anomalies
No full textInternational audienceIn this work, we use reachability analysis as the core stone to design secure state estimator for controlled continuous-time linear systems. First, an augmented model that includes the dynamics of the estimation error is established. Then, based on this model, we introduce a new explicit method for reachability analysis of closed-loop systems. Thereafter, using the results of this method, we propose set-membership tests to detect the presence of faults or stealthy attacks on the system sensors and actuators. To show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we consider a numerical example illustrating the ability of the introduced set-valued state estimator to detect system anomalies
Intergenerational Board Games Among Older Adults and School‐Aged Children, Through the Lens of Shared Pro‐Social Behaviors and Positive Affect
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT Social interactions are essential for both older adults and children, and engaging in intergenerational leisure activities offers social benefits for both generations. Board games stand out as a relevant medium for bringing together participants of different ages. However, their social features within an intergenerational context remain largely unexplored. This observational study sought to explore prosocial behaviors exhibited by older adults and school‐aged children during both cooperative and competitive board games. Specifically, 11 dyads, each consisting of an older adult and a child, were filmed while playing a cooperative and a competitive board game. The results revealed that the older adults demonstrated more prosocial behaviors than the children, and the competitive setting fostered more pro‐social behaviors than the cooperative one. Furthermore, intergenerational board games elicited positive affects among players, though the older participants reported facing significant difficulties and exerting considerable effort during the game sessions. These findings can inform the development of intergenerational programs aimed at fostering positive social interactions between older adults and children, serving as valuable guidelines for practitioners when selecting board games for such activities