UNIMAS Journal (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak)
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IMPACT OF MIGRATION ON THE VULNERABILITY OF POVERTY: A CASE STUDY ON THE AGRICULTURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN WEST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Get PDFRural area in Indonesia relies heavily on the activity in agricultural sectors, while the source of income from the rural households is considerably obtained by the effort of cultivating the agricultural products or commodities. Nevertheless, several problems arise from the issue among agricultural households, as one of them is migration. Indeed, most migrants come to rural areas due to livelihood and poverty alleviation motives. Hence, the objectives of the study are to identify the determinants for agricultural households involving family members in rural-urban migration and measure the impact of migration on vulnerability to poverty. The study focuses on observing primary data with a face-to-face interview of 400 agricultural households in the area of West Java, Indonesia as a sample size. Then, the analysis uses the model of Propensity Score Matching (PSM), which is estimated by using the Probit Model. The empirical evidence from a Probit model indicates that the variables of the household head’s age, education level, household size, house ownership and per capita expenditure significantly determines the propensity of agricultural households to be involved in migration movement. Meanwhile, migration activity has a positive impact on decreasing vulnerability to poverty by the agricultural households in West Java, Indonesia
TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE, MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN SMES
Get PDFNowadays, sustainability practices in manufacturing are required for the business environment, especially for SMEs. In particular, technology capabilities are essential to enhance firms’ capacity. This paper explores the relationship between technology infrastructure, manufacturing technology and sustainable manufacturing practice (SMP) in the context of SMEs. The data were collected through questionnaires using purposive sampling in Thailand, with completed 237 surveys being returned. We used structural equation modeling to test the research framework. The results reveal that the implementation of SMP in SMEs is still at a medium level, thus demonstrating that there is still substantial room for enhancement. Moreover, the findings show that technology infrastructure has an impact on SMP, while manufacturing technology also significantly mediates the relationship between technology infrastructure and SMP. These findings imply that SMEs in the manufacturing industry can develop technology capabilities as essential resources to gain higher SMP for sustainability in the competitive business environment and to accomplish the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF HARD AND SOFT INFRASTRUCTURE ON PERCEIVED DESTINATION COMPETITIVENESS: PERSPECTIVE FROM VISITORS IN SARAWAK
Get PDFTourism is one of the rapid growing economic sectors in the world. Destination competitiveness became an imperative aspect for every country as it determines the tourism revenue of the country. Infrastructure is one of the determinants of destination competitiveness. There are two kinds of infrastructure namely hard infrastructure and soft infrastructure. The current study investigated the impact of hard infrastructure (transportation, telecommunication, accommodation) and soft infrastructure (government tourism policy, health services, and safety and security) on perceived destination competitiveness from tourists’ points of view. The study was conducted based on quantitative research. A PLS-SEM analysis was performed by using WarpPLS. The result indicated that transportation, accommodation, and health services have a significant relationship with perceived destination competitiveness. This study is expected to benefit policymakers and industry players in terms of decision-making. Besides, this study will equip more literature and evidence for scholars to perform further studies in the field
UNCOVERING THE DARK SIDE OF LEADERSHIP: CONSEQUENCES OF TOXIC LEADERSHIP ON TURNOVER INTENTION WITH BPHUBBING AS MODERATION
Get PDFThis research aims to measure the role of toxic leadership which is reinforced by boss phubbing behavior as a moderating variable which negatively influences employee behavior and triggers the employee's desire to leave an organization. We use a sample from 305 employees of private companies and work for both industrial and service companies in Indonesia. The method was carried out by conducting a pre-test using Confirmatory Factor Analysis to determine validity and reliability. Furthermore, this research describes the respondent's profile and tested the hypotheses using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method. The results showed that there was a significant, direct effect from the influence of toxic leadership on job stress, perceived leader integrity, and meaningful work. These three variables also had a significant effect on turnover intention. Moreover, boss phubbing also managed to moderate the relationship between toxic leadership and job stress, perceived leader integrity, and meaningful work. The research is unique because no empirical research before tries to examine the relationship between toxic leadership and Boss phubbing as a supporting element for the emergence of negative behavior for employees
Morphological Characterisation and Documentation of Freshwater Macrophytes in Pontian, Johor's Water
Get PDFFreshwater macrophytes exist in varied life forms for example, emergent, submerged, floating-leaved and free-floating, and some of them have a heterophylly or multiple forms. The intraspecific variation in terms of morphology is common phenomena in macrophytes population; however, specific studies on morphology of freshwater macrophytes are still insufficient, especially in Pontian, Johor. Hence, this study aimed to characterise the freshwater macrophytes based on morphometrics and descriptive characteristics as well as to document their diversity and population. Thus, the morphometric measurements were done, the descriptive characteristics were documented in scientific photographs, the population of freshwater macrophytes was also estimated by using quadrat estimation technique. Additionally, the morphometrics of some collected samples were compared with the same sample in other studies to show the variation in the range of different measurements, the descriptive characteristics were also described as well as the population estimation assessed by area coverage was analysed in the form of statistical chart. The finding in this study showed variation in morphometric data and no intraspecific variation on phenotype of freshwater macrophytes in Pontian, Johor’s water
A Note on New Records of Ferns at Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve, Johor, Malaysia
Get PDFOn a scientific expedition to Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve at Muar, Johor, Malaysia, 71 fern species belonging to 16 families and 25 genera were collected and identified. Fifty-one of the ferns are native to Peninsular Malaysia while the remaining 20 are non-native. Five newly recorded fern species in Johor, Southern Peninsular Malaysia, namely Angiopteris helferiana, Lindsaea trichomanoides, Lomariopsis brackenridgei, Pteris umbrosa and Pteris cretica were briefly described
Organisational Learning Capability: Measurement, Validation, and Application in Malaysia
Get PDFThis study aimed to validate the measurement of organisational learning capability originally developed by Chiva et al. (2007) in the Malaysian context. This organisational learning capability scale comprises 14 items grouped into five dimensions, namely experimentation, risk-taking, interaction with the external environment, dialogue, and participative decision-making. An analysis of the scale’s content validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity was conducted using a total of 251 valid survey responses obtained from Grade 7 construction companies in Malaysia. The findings showed that the five dimensions of organisational learning capability are highly suited for measuring organisational learning capability in the Malaysian context. The validation of the organisational learning capability measurement provides useful insights to organisations wishing to develop a learning culture or enhance their learning capability. This study also enriches the literature by proving that the organisational learning capability measurement is a valid and consistent scale that can be applied at the organisational level and across different cultures and sectors
Understanding the Gold-Inflation Nexusi In Malaysia: Hedge and Safe Haven Perspectives
Get PDFThe main objective of this study is to examine the roles of gold as a hedge or a safe haven against inflation in Malaysia. We propose the standard and quantile techniques in the volatility models, with a time-varying conditional variance of regression residuals based on TGARCH specifications. We found that gold only plays a minor role as a hedge and safe haven against inflation since their returns do not evolve at the same pace as inflation. On the other hand, the rolling regression results reveal that shelter incidents against purchasing power loss only occasionally occur at different times and not consistently across holding periods. We conclude that gold does not have the ability to secure Malaysian investment during high inflationary periods and at all times. Thus, Malaysian investors should hold a well-diversified portfolio to earn sustainable returns and protection from purchasing power loss
Earnings Management in Small Listed Firms in Malaysia Using Quantile Regression
Get PDFThis study examines the role of board independence and audit committee expertise in accounting on earnings management in small listed firms in Malaysia, which have been neglected in corporate governance research. Due to their small size, the listing requirements imposed on them by Bursa Malaysia are less stringent. Hence, these firms are predicted to have a higher tendency to manage earnings compared to large listed firms. All firms listed on the Bursa Malaysia ACE Market during the financial years 2012 to 2014 inclusive were selected. The data were analysed using quantile regression to enable the determination of the effects of the corporate governance variables across the quantiles in the conditional distribution of discretionary accruals. The results show that small listed firms have a very high propensity for accrual management compared to large listed firms. The study also reveals that board independence is not associated with either the incidence of accrual management or the direction of discretionary accruals. It also shows that audit committee expertise can mitigate the propensity for discretionary accruals and if discretionary accruals are present, the objective was to reduce the firm’s earnings. However, this evidence only holds in firms where the utilization of discretionary accruals is pervasive
The Influence of Service Quality and Corporate Image of Royal Brunei Airlines: A Partial Least Square Approach
Get PDFThe hospitality and tourism industries have become the pivotal industries that contribute to the growth of the nation's economy. However, fewer studies pay attention to the aviation industry where this industry has faced a lot of challenges and crises in the past decade. Hence, this study aims to examine the effects of service quality on the corporate image of Royal Brunei Airlines. The study utilized the SERVQUAL model to guide the study. A quantitative (survey) research design was employed using a total of 178 completed questionnaires obtained from the customers of Royal Brunei Airlines through purposive sampling. The data were then analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling through Smart-PLS 3.2.7. The results revealed that three (3) dimension of SERVQUAL (assurance, responsiveness, tangibles) has a positive and significant relationship with corporate image. However, empathy and reliability were found not significant to corporate image. Conclusion, implications, and suggestions for future study were also discussed