Hakkari Üniversitesi Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
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Biyoinsektisitler ve Bal Arıları
No full textBiyopestisitler, sürdürülebilir tarım uygulamalarında sentetik pestisitlere alternatif olarak giderek önem kazanan, doğal kökenli bileşikler veya mikroorganizmalardır . Kimyasal pestisitlerin bal arıları gibi hedef dışı tozlayıcılar üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri biyoinsektisitlere yönelimi hızlandırmıştır. Ancak biyopestisitlerin doğal olmaları, tamamen zararsız oldukları anlamına gelmemektedir. Bu derlemede, mikrobiyal ve botanik biyoinsektisitler genel tanımlamaları ile birlikte bal arıları üzerindeki letal ve subletal etkilerini ortaya koyan güncel bilimsel bulgular değerlendirilmiştir. Mikrobiyal biyoinsektisitlerden Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genellikle güvenli kabul edilse de bazı suş ve formülasyonların larval gelişim, uçuş performansı ve bağırsak mikrobiyotasında bozulmalara yol açabilmektedir. Beauveria bassiana ve Metarhizium anisopliae gibi entomopatojenik funguslar çoğunlukla düşük toksisite gösterse de yüksek dozlarda mortalite artışı veya davranışsal değişiklikler bildirilmiştir. Spinosad ise bal arıları için ciddi nörotoksik ve immün baskılayıcı etkiler oluşturabilmektedir. Botanik biyoinsektisitlerden azadirachtin başta olmak üzere bazı bileşiklerin larva dönemindeki gelişimini bozduğu, uçuş aktivitesini azalttığı veya yüksek dozlarda mortaliteye yol açtığı bildirilmiştir. Buna karşın bazı uçucu yağlar düşük toksisite profili sergilemektedir. Sonuç olarak biyoinsektisitlerin ekolojik açıdan daha güvenli seçenekler olduğu kabul edilse de arılar üzerindeki potansiyel risklerini ele alan yeni araştırmalara ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.Biopesticides, which are natural compounds or microorganisms, have been gaining increasing importance as alternatives to synthetic pesticides within sustainable agricultural practices. The adverse effects of chemical pesticides on non-target pollinators such as honey bees have accelerated the shift toward bioinsecticides. However, the fact that biopesticides are of natural origin does not imply that they are entirely harmless. This review evaluates current scientific findings that reveal the lethal and sublethal effects of microbial and botanical bioinsecticides on honey bees, together with their general definitions. Among microbial bioinsecticides, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is generally considered safe; nevertheless, certain strains and formulations can cause disruptions in larval development, flight performance, and gut microbiota. Entomopathogenic fungi such as Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae typically exhibit low toxicity, though increased mortality or behavioral alterations have been reported at high doses. In contrast, spinosad can induce pronounced neurotoxic and immunosuppressive effects in honey bees. Among botanical bioinsecticides, compounds such as azadirachtin have been reported to impair larval development, reduce flight activity, or cause mortality at elevated doses. Conversely, some essential oils exhibit low toxicity profiles. In conclusion, although bioinsecticides are generally regarded as more ecologically safe alternatives, further research addressing their potential risks to bees is needed.</p
ÖĞRETMENLERİN ÖZEL GEREKSİNİMLİ ÇOCUKLARIN EĞİTİMİNDE ÖZYETERLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ VE FARKLI DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
No full textBoşanmış Kadınların Sosyal ve Ekonomik Durumu: Güçlendirme Perspektifi Müdahaleleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
No full text3A Grubu Toprak Elementi Katkılı BSCCO Bulk Süperiletkenlerin Katı Hal Yöntemi ileÜretimi ve Karakterizasyonu
No full textComparison of conventional and speed breeding systems for wheat and barley based on growth stages
No full textConventional and speed breeding experiments were conducted in a polycarbonate-enclosed greenhouse at the Faculty of Agriculture, Dicle Uni-versity, Turkey. The objective was to evaluate the potential of speed breeding systems to shorten the crop breeding process and enhance the efficiency of breeding programs by examining their effects on wheat and barley genotypes. The responses of four bread wheat, four durum wheat, and five barley geno-types under speed breeding conditions were measured according to the Zadoks scale. Results revealed that durum wheat completed its vegetative phase the quickest, followed by barley and bread wheat. Under speed breeding conditions, the number of growth cycles achievable per year was 4.13 for bread wheat, 4.26 for barley, and 4.64 for durum wheat. Thus, the time required to obtain viable seeds in these three cereal species was reduced by an average of 37%. In obtaining viable seeds, barley showed the fastest growth rate
Tematik Haritalar Bağlamında Kültürel Miras Çalışmalarının Gelişimi: Web Of Science Bibliyometrik Değerlendirmesi
No full textClimate justice and Social Work: Responding to Environmental Crises with Vulnerable Populations
No full textGreen Synthesis of Copper, Iron and Silver Nanoparticles from Origanum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare; Characterization, In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition, Antimicrobial Activities and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies
No full textAbstract: This study revealed the characteristics of the ethanol extract of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare, copper, iron, and silver nanoparticles (CuNPs, FeNPs, AgNPs) were synthesized with the extracts for the first time. The NPs were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE-SEM), field emission scanning electron microscope-energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (FESEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). UV–Vis spectrophotometry is used for the confirmation of NPs. The extract had bioactive components, including thymol (35.99%) and naringenin (41.02 µg/g). Molecular docking of thymol/naringenin-AgNPs complexes with the PapR7 C-terminus produced MolDock scores of − 122.545 and − 94.929 for naringenin-AgNPs and thymol-AgNPs. AgNPs and CuNPs exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AgNPs exhibited protease activity (5 mg/mL), and CuNPs exhibited lipase activity (5 and 10 mg/mL). FeNPs exhibited weak inhibitory properties (IC50 > 9 mg/mL) and did not show any detectable enzymatic activity
