Fountain University Journals
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APPRAISING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL CRIMES COMMISSION (EFCC) IN COMBATING CORRUPTION AND ECONOMIC CRIMES IN NIGERIA WITH GENDER PERSPECTIVE
Full text linkCorruption has significantly affected the economic activities of Nigerians and thrown citizens into untold hardship. Without prejudice to other causes affecting economic development, there is no doubt that Nigeria\u27s situation is largely due to financial and economic crimes. With the establishment of anti-corruption agencies like the EFCC and ICPC, alongside their attendant statutory provisions, it is therefore of great concern and interest that the trend rather than abate continue to increase due to the ineffectiveness of the constituted agencies. This paper thus seeks to critically examine the role of the anti-corruption agency and the resultant effect on the economy and women\u27s rights in Nigeria. The paper suggests that the EFCC and THE ICPC need to strengthen their operations to duly prosecute economic and financial crime offenders to aid quick recovery from the current economic woes. This ultimately should improve the standard of living of the citizens, women in particular
REFERENCING STYLE IN THE NIGERIAN ACADEMIA: THE CHALLENGES OF ISLAMIC LAW RESEARCHERS
Full text linkUntil recently, the University of Ilorin Law Referencing Style (UNILARS) is adopted for postgraduate researchers as guide for referencing in academic writings. This also include Islamic law researches. The guide has been in place for more than a decade. Student researchers have always struggled to comply with the obvious requirement of the guidelines, despite its various discrepancies and ambiguous provisions. In the case of Islamic Law researchers, it became more perplexed adopting UNILARS due to the wide vacuum existing in the guidelines regarding Islamic law literature and their unique features in the manner of its presentation; writing names, date, title of literature, correct manner of referencing Qur‘ān and Hadīth etc. Although, the identified lacuna is not peculiar to UNILARS alone, various other referencing styles like the Nigerian Association of Law Teachers (NALT) Referencing Style etc. also fall short of the recognition. Unity of style in referencing Islamic law literature could however not be achieved, despite adopting a referencing style. These have one way or the other, contribute to the challenges of adopting UNILARS and some other referencing styles in academic writings. This research therefore identified some of the challenges embedded in adopting UNILARS, through doctrinal cum non-doctrinal but qualitative research methodology. The research found and highlights some of the uniqueness of Islamic Law literature which are paramount for consideration in styling any referencing guide. A model referencing style is therefore proposed for Islamic law researchers named: University of Ilorin Sharī‘ah Law Referencing Style (UNISLARS) to curb the challenges
The Human and Ecological Health Impacts of Carbon Emissions: Structural Injustice, Legal Fragmentation, and the Path to Integrated Climate Governance
Full text linkThis paper offers an interdisciplinary analysis of the human and ecological health impacts of carbon emissions, foregrounding their role as structural drivers of environmental injustice and legal fragmentation. Drawing on international environmental law, climate science, and human rights frameworks, the paper reconceptualises carbon emissions not merely as atmospheric pollutants but as embedded causes of systemic health disparities and ecological collapse. The analysis demonstrates how fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon, and ozone disproportionately affect low-income, racialised, and geographically marginalised populations. These health burdens are not incidental but result from regulatory failure and weak accountability mechanisms. Indirect effects, including food insecurity, mental health deterioration, and displacement, further compound these inequities, particularly in the Global South. The paper critiques the limitations of prevailing legal regimes such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Despite mounting scientific evidence and normative advances, these frameworks remain poorly integrated and weakly enforced. Landmark litigation and human rights developments, including the 2021 United Nations Human Rights Council recognition of the right to a healthy environment, are examined as legal counter-narratives. The paper concludes with a call for integrated legal-ecological governance. It proposes binding reforms that link public health, biodiversity, and emissions accountability through mechanisms such as ecological personhood, citizen climate councils, and climate-health surveillance systems. These innovations are essential to advancing justice-based climate law responsive to both planetary thresholds and human vulnerability
11. Bacteria Isolated from Fish Pond Water and Sediment in Selected Fish Pond Ecosystems in the Osun State: Multidrug Resistance Profiles
No full textBackground: Globally, resistant bacteria are proliferating, and aquatic environments are quickly turning become reservoirs for resistant microorganisms. This study was aimed primarily at discovering and wanting to describe MDR bacteria in fish pond environments from Osun State, Nigeria. Methodology: Purposive sampling was employed in this study to collect 60 sediment and 60 fish water samples from fish ponds throughout the state. The bacterial isolates were identified by normal microbiological procedures, and the antibiotic sensitivity to twelve of the most regularly used antibiotics was assessed using the disc diffusion method. Results: E. coli, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were among the microorganisms found. There was also substantial resistance against second-generation ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and gentamicin. In particular, there were several strains that produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs); Klebsiella species and E. coli were shown to be resistant to several antibiotic classes. Conclusion: This study highlights the significance of efficient surveillance and control strategies to address the issue of resistance while identifying the rising occurrences of MDR bacteria in fish pond ecosystems. Appropriate use of antibiotics in aquaculture farming convention is a key policy in the conservation of water bodies and human wellness.
 
12. Bacteriological Quality of Frozen Chicken in Ede, Osun-State, Nigeria.
No full textBackground: Ensuring the microbiological safety of frozen chicken is crucial for public health, given its extensive consumption and the risk of harbouring harmful bacteria. The microbiological safety of frozen chicken is a significant public health concern due to its widespread consumption and potential to harbour pathogenic bacteria. Objective: This study investigated the bacteriological quality of frozen chicken sold in three markets in Ede, Osun State, Nigeria: Elerin, Rector, and Owode markets. Methodology: Samples were collected from three shops in each market and repeated three times to ensure accuracy. Bacteriological analysis included total coliform count, total viable count, and detection of specific pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Klebsiella spp. Results: Results revealed significant bacterial contamination across all markets, with Elerin Market showing the highest contamination levels. Total coliform counts ranged from 1.07 × 10⁴ to 2.30 × 10⁴ cfu/ml, while total viable counts ranged from 1.89 × 10⁵ to 4.18 × 10⁵ cfu/ml. Elerin Market detected E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. in 88.89% and 100% of samples, respectively, indicating widespread contamination. Conclusion/Recommendation: Rector\u27s market exhibited lower contamination levels, suggesting better microbial control, while Owode\u27s market showed moderate but variable contamination. These findings highlight the urgent need to improve hygiene practices and implement stringent safety measures in these markets to ensure the microbial quality of frozen chicken and protect public health.
 
Ecocide and Rebellion in Chimeka Garricks’ Tomorrow Died Yesterday
Full text linkHuman activities such as oil exploration and release of harmful chemicals are instances of the plunder of natural environment. This plunder, in the case of Niger Delta, is occasioned by the collaboration of oil companies and members of host communities, which has resulted in aggrieved individuals taking up arms to stage insurgency and rebellion. Hence, this study examines the nuanced factors responsible for the degradation of natural environment in Niger Delta. For the purpose of this study, postcolonial ecocriticism is employed as a theoretical framework to analyse the novel, “Tomorrow Died Yesterday” selected for this study. This multidisciplinary approach lends strong credence to the harmonisation of postcolonial and environmental issues suitable for a critical analysis of a literary work that makes ecocritical statements. Findings reveal that the Nigerian government, the oil companies and the people of Niger Delta are guilty of ecocide. The study also reveals the horrible human activities that culminate in the social inequalities and environmental injustice that lure the youth of the host communities to take up arms to demonstrate their grievances. The study therefore, concludes that ecocide in Niger Delta manifests displacement, immorality, violence, killing and kidnapping, proliferation of deadly weapons, debauchery and above all, disruption of social and ecosystem
المدح والنصيحة في الشعر السياسي العالمي في بلاد يوربا، نيجيريا Praise and Advice in Global Political Poetry in Yorubaland, Nigeria
No full textThis study examines contemporary Arabic poetry by Yoruba scholars in Southwestern Nigeria, including Oyo, Osun, Ogun, Ekiti, Ondo, Lagos, and parts of Kwara and Kogi states, as well as Yoruba-speaking areas in Benin Republic. The research addresses the need to explore the unique themes, artistic techniques, and global perspectives embedded in these poems, which reflect the poets\u27 engagement with current affairs, political events, and historical figures such as Barack Obama and Nelson Mandela. The objectives of the study are to compile, analyze, and highlight the thematic and artistic elements of these poems, including their language, emotion, style, and ideological depth, while also showcasing the esteemed role of Yoruba poets in addressing global issues. Utilizing analytical and historical methodologies, the research scrutinizes each poem to uncover its purpose -whether praise, advice, satire, or political commentary- and extracts the underlying political and cultural values. The findings reveal the distinctive features of Arabic situational poetry in Yorubaland, including its vocabulary, structures, themes, and influences from the Quran and Hadith, emphasizing its significance in both local and global contexts
Green synthesis of graphene/zinc oxide nanocomposite for Optoelectronic Applications
Full text linkThis research presents a green synthesis of high-quality graphene (G), zinc oxide (ZnO) and graphene/zinc oxide (G/ZnO) nanocomposites. Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesised using Amarus Pinnantum extracts, while graphene was derived from Bryophyllum Pinnatum shoot plant extracts. The integration of graphene into the ZnO matrix was investigated to enhance its structural, optical, and electrical properties, particularly electron mobility. The synthesised materials were characterised using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). UV-Vis spectra revealed characteristic absorption bands for graphene, ZnO, and G/ZnO. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups associated with each material, including 593 cm-1 (Zn-O bending vibrations), 1088 and 1459 cm-1 (C-H Alkyl group bending vibrations), 1583 cm-1 (C=C Aromatic stretching vibration), and 3467 and 3777 cm-1 (O-H Hydroxyl group stretching vibration) in the G/ZnO nanocomposites. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images showed spherical zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, a rough, flake-like graphene structure, and a porous, aggregated morphology for the G/ZnO nanocomposite. EDS analysis verified the elemental composition of the materials. The electrical properties of the G/ZnO nanocomposite were significantly improved compared to pure graphene and ZnO nanoparticles. The composite exhibited a higher current (4.62 μA) and lower resistivity (405.56 Ω·m) at a specific voltage (0.60 V). This enhancement is attributed to the formation of a percolative network within the composite, which facilitates efficient charge transfer and improves electron mobility. These findings suggest that the G/ZnO nanocomposite holds promise for applications in optoelectronic devices.
Media Framing and Peace Advocacy in Mainstream Coverage of the Herder-Farmer Conflicts in Nigeria
Full text linkThe protracted conflict between farmers and herders in Nigeria, characterised by recurring violence, displacement, and social unrest, remains a significant challenge to national cohesion. This study investigates media framing and peace advocacy in mainstream coverage of the herder-farmer conflicts in Nigeria, using the framing theory as its analytical framework. A triangulated research approach was adopted, combining content analysis of 150 online reports from three purposively selected newspapers (Punch, Daily Trust, and Vanguard) with a survey of 251 members of the Nigerian Union of Journalists in Kwara State. Data were collected using coding sheets and structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings reveal that conflict reporting is predominantly framed using panic and fear-inducing narratives, with limited emphasis on peace-oriented frames such as solution or awareness frames. Although journalists expressed awareness of the influence of framing on peacebuilding efforts, their ability to reflect this awareness in practice is constrained by institutional and structural challenges. The study concludes that while peace-promoting frames are emerging, they remain underutilised. It recommends strategic partnerships between media organisations and peacebuilding bodies to promote conflict-sensitive journalism and enhance the media\u27s role in fostering dialogue, understanding, and reconciliation in Nigeria.KeywordsFarmer-herder conflicts, Framing Theory, conflict reporting, peace advocacy, mainstream medi
7. Perceived Impact of Inter-professional Collaboration on the Quality of Care in Surgical Units among Healthcare Professionals in UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital
No full textBackground: one of the concepts required to enhance the performance of healthcare providers is inter-professional collaboration, which entails cooperation between many healthcare professionals from various fields. Objectives: This study aims to assess the perceived impact of inter-professional collaboration on quality of care, to determine the extent of collaboration among healthcare workers to also identify the contributors to effective collaboration as well as the factors that hinder effective collaboration. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that used a self-designed questionnaire, 120 copies were administered and the same retrieved, data collected was analysed using statistical software package version 21. Informed consent was taken from participants before data collection. Results: the results show that 60% of the respondents are females, which illustrates that there is a high presence of physicians, accounting for 91.7% and 93.3% of nurses, 71.7% of the respondents perceive a strong collaboration among the healthcare professions, 96.67% of respondents have a positive perception that the strong collaborations among the healthcare providers positively influence the efficiency and efficacy of care rendered which is rendered to the patients and lastly, 87.5% of the respondents strongly agree and agree that lack of clear and timely communication is a barrier. Conclusion / Recommendation: The study adopts the assumption that healthcare providers have a significant amount of positive perception and strong collaboration. It also highlights the elements that are most important for productive teamwork: clear communication, comprehension of language, mutual respect and trust, rewards and recognition, a designated area and resource base