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A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF THE DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISM STIPULATED IN THE LAGOS STATE ARBITRATION LAW AND THOSE ENSHRINED IN THE ARBITRATION AND CONCILATION ACT IN RESPECT OF COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION IN NIGERIA
Get PDFTraditionally, the Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) comprises diverse mechanisms for the settlement of various kinds of disputes. Generally, ADR methods typically adopt any of the variants viz; negotiation, mediation, conciliation or arbitration in reaching a compromise between disputants. It however seems that among the states in Nigeria, it is only the Lagos State government that has taken bold step to enact an arbitration law that specifically provides for commercial arbitration in the resolution of disputes. This is evident in the Lagos State Arbitration Law and the Lagos Court of Arbitration Law. One begins to wonder whether this is occasioned by the high volume of commercial activities, trades or industrial activities in Lagos State. Although at the Federal level, the Arbitration and Conciliation Act holds sway with many similarities and differences yet both statutes are pivotal to resolving commercial disputes in Nigeria.This article examines the salient dispute resolution mechanisms enshrined in the laws for resolution of commercial law disputes. This paper also considers the relevance and applicability of regional arbitration body in the resolution of commercial disputes in Nigeria. This work adopts a doctrinal and comparative approach in its research methodology. It found that commercial arbitration methods are speedy, result oriented and effective in settling commercial conflicts among parties when compared to the traditional court system in Nigeria. But the writer observesthat commercial arbitration could be very expensive for parties especially when it borders on technical issues. There are some recommendations after reaching a conclusion
RESOLUTION OF FEMALE GENDER INEQUALITY IN THE WORKPLACE THROUGH ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Get PDFDispute resolution in the workplace is an attempt by employees in the workforce to resolve a problem in the employment relationship. The notion of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) comprises of any form of dispute resolution mechanism that is not the formal process of adjudication in a court of law. Gender equality in the workplace means that employees of all genders have access to same rewards, opportunities and resources at a company which is inclusive of equal pay and benefits for equivalent roles with comparable responsibilities. ADR as a tool in the workplace provides a way of bringing justice to more employees and this is done at a lower cost and faster than the conventional methods. This paper is concerned with looking at the issue of female gender inequality in the workplace such as discrimination, sexual harassment, gender pay gap and the manner in which ADR could be used to resolve these issues. It also considers the eagerness or otherwise of female employees to participate in any such ADR put in place and the likely outcomes of such processes. The degree to which such dispute resolution mechanisms function equitably for women as well as for men in the workplace would also be examined. 
THE RESOLUTION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DISPUTES THROUGH ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Get PDFThe challenges of delay, cost and restrictive outcomes of litigation in Nigeria have made it largely inadequate for the resolution of Corporate Governance Disputes (CGD). Previous studies focused on Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) generally as a complement to litigation while glossing over the suitability of ADR for specialized disputes in areas such as corporate governance. This paper therefore, examines the potentials for the resolution of CGD through ADR, and the practice and procedure of specific ADR methods for their resolution, in order to determine their adequacy or otherwise.This paper adopts the Access to justice and the Stakeholder’s theories for the resolution of CGD. The research methodology adopted is doctrinal. Primary sources include the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 as amended, Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA), High Court Civil Procedure Rules of Lagos State and the Federal Capital Territory, Federal High Court Rules, National Industrial Court of Nigeria ADR Centre Instrument and Rules 2015, Court of Appeal Rules and the National Code on Corporate Governance (NCCG) 2018. Decisions of Nigerian and foreign courts, government reports and policies are also reviewed. Secondary data including journal articles, legal texts, report of the British Council “Justice for All” Project, newspaper reports, internet materials, and monographs are examined.The advantages of ADR make it suitable for the resolution of CGD. ADR is applicable to the resolution of CGD, such as, boardroom disputes, employee/employer, intra- employee disputes and shareholder activism. As the Multi Door Court Houses are not widely used despite their potentials, the resolution of Corporate Governance Disputes through Alternative Dispute Resolution in Nigeria is underutilized. The guidelines for the resolution of corporate governance disputes need to be reviewed to include the adoption of Alternative Dispute Resolution
Creating Investment Dynamism in Entrepreneurship: Experiences at the BA ISAGO University in Botswana
Get PDFIn current academic discourse, nothing is as timely as linking academic activity with economic growth. There are many reasons for the move in this direction. First, and foremost, the public, as the major sponsors of education, have long been calling for direct evidence that investment in education, especially higher education has a direct benefit for them beyond the obvious advantage that has been enjoyed by educated men and women over time – until recently, when unemployment encroached into the echelons of the graduate students. Secondly, universities around the globe are going entrepreneurial – not out of their own choice, but mainly because they must sustain themselves in a changing environment whereby governments are reducing their subventions for these institutions. Almost universally, universities have devised a new approach to education in their response to the two challenges highlighted above. That approach may take a different form and come by a different name from one institution to another, yet, engagement is the visible and indisputable umbrella under which everything hangs. This paper details how BA ISAGO University continues on its journey to develop itself into an entrepreneurial university, initially through producing unique programmes and now through using the outputs from its graduate students to create startups and other forms of academic beneficiation as the students commercialize their research. This paper highlights the challenges met but will also reflect the manner in which those challenges are being overcome. As such, the lessons from the BA ISAGO University experience should serve as an encouragement to other universities that the move to an entrepreneurial university is not only possible but is the ideal model of the University of the Future. 
Influence of Threshold Concept and Flipped Classroom on Senior Secondary School Students\u27 Academic Achievement in Economics in Lagos State, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study examined the influence of threshold concepts and flipped classroom on academic achievement in Economics among senior secondary school students in Lagos State, Education District V in Nigeria. Survey research method was employed using questionnaires and achievement test as the instruments to elicit data from the respondents. The data was analysed using quantitative research methods such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and Multiple Regression analysis. The findings showed that there is a significant joint influence of threshold concept and the active learning in flipped classroom on academic achievement in Economics among Senior Secondary School Students in Lagos State Education District V (F3, 371 = 3.059; P<0.05). Also, threshold concept in Economics (? = 0.166; t = 2.514; Significance = 0.012) and active learning in flipped classroom (? = 0.222; t = 3.471; Significance = 0.003) are relatively significant at P<0.05 with flipped classroom being a stronger predictor. Based on this findings therefore, it was recommended that teachers, schools, ministries of education and NERDC should all work together to find the synergy between threshold concept and flipped classroom as framework for the improvement of academic achievement in Economics in senior secondary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria
Health Seeking Behaviours of the Aged Population in Nigeria: .
No full textThe health problems, either illnesses or losses, facing the world\u27s ageing population continue to multiply even though they are against the wishes and best interests of the people. Acute illness comes with many problems, and it may be necessary to keep one\u27s emotions, self-image, abilities, and relationships in shape while dealing with the disease. The tendency of older people to seek medical attention is one of the most significant factors that play a role in the severity of the condition. Thus, this paper assessed older people\u27s health-seeking behaviours (HSB) by focusing on the factors that facilitate and delay access to healthcare needs to ameliorate the severity of health challenges for optimal social functioning. The paper employs analytical methods and collates data from various scholarly works on the internet. It was discovered that factors that significantly affect HSB among the aged include the types of health facilities, the distance to the nearest health facility, ignorance of disease, poverty, poor attitudes of health workers, lengthy treatment process, religion, marital status, and lack of support. It was also established that physical, socio-economic, cultural, and even political factors could all play a role in influencing an individual\u27s health behaviour. Similarly, the utilisation of a health care system is contingent on the levels of education, economic factors, cultural beliefs and practice, environment, knowledge about the facilities, gender issues, the political climate, and the health care system itself. This paper concludes that age-related health crises affect older people\u27s HSB, particularly their wellbeing, social interactions, decision-making, and self-control. Therefore, it is recommended that older people should seek more information about their health and exercise daily to stay energetic, independent, and happy; maintain a healthy lifestyle; and prioritise preventative health behaviours by becoming immunised for health emergencies
LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES IN THE REGULATION OF ORGAN DONATION AND TRANSPLANTATION IN NIGERIA
Get PDFScientific knowledge, by allowing us to develop new technologies has greatly impacted on the medical field and profession, thereby improving quality of life. Over the years, organ or tissue transplantation has offered relief to patients with End Stage Renal Diseases (ESRD). Kidney transplantation is currently the best treatment for patients with ESRD as compared to treatment via haemodialysis. This procedure has become more popular as awareness activities for it are on the rise. Many ESRD patients now live longer, with a high quality of life, as a result of organs and or tissues donated by either living or dead persons before their death. People have been known to instruct their relatives/family members to donate their organs upon their demise.The issue in Nigeria unlike other climes is the lack of regulatory or legal framework for organ donations and or transplantation. Using the doctrinal method of research, the challenges of organ donation, transplantation, trade, and trafficking amongst others were examined. Nigeria is yet to establish any legal, ethical, and infrastructural facility to regulate the practice of organ donation and transplantation. This study recommends amongst others that a massive campaign on organ donation and transplantation and its attendant benefits should be embarked upon by the government and other organised bodies, especially the medical profession. Regulatory machinery in terms of legislation and infrastructure should be put in place to reduce medical tourism
Peer Group Influence as a Correlate of Secondary School Students’ Motivation towards Learning in Oluyole Local Government, Ibadan
Get PDFThis study investigated peer group influence as a correlate of secondary school student’s motivation towards learning in Oluyole Local Government area of Ibadan. The main purpose of this study is to determine the influence of peer group as a correlate of secondary school student’s motivation towards learning. In specific terms, the study is designed to determine whether peer group influence secondary school students’ motivation towards learning, the factors that can determine student’s motivation towards learning, whether peer group influence determines variation in Academic Performance of male and female students, whether age does determine the extent to which peer influence affects Academic Performance of students, just to, mention a few. The researcher employed descriptive survey method for the study. The population for the study was based on all the fifty two (52) secondary schools under Oluyole local government area of Oyo state; consisting of twenty seven (27) public secondary schools and thirty two private secondary schools. Sampling techniques used were multistage, stratified and simple random sampling technique. A multistage sampling technique was used due to two stages involved in selecting the sample. At the first stage, schools are stratified into public and private, and simple random sampling technique was used to select ten public secondary schools out of twenty seven and ten private schools out of thirty two which make a total of twenty schools. At the second stage, a simple random sampling technique was used in selecting only ten student’s from the selected secondary schools from both private and public secondary schools, five from junior secondary school and five from Senior Secondary School in Oluyole Local Government area in Ibadan making a total of two hundred students. A pilot survey was carried out by administering the research instrument to ten randomly selected students who were not part of the selected respondents after which the instrument was subjected to analysis and a cronbach Alpha value 0.757 was obtained. Descriptive statistical tool such as mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the obtained data to answer three questions while person product moment correlation was used to analyse Hypotheses 1 and T-test was used to analyse Hypotheses 2 and 3. All analyses were carried out at 0.05 level of significance. The perceived motivation status of secondary school students towards learning is higher through the weighted mean of 3.24. Peer influence on the academic motivation of secondary school students towards learning is high at 2.89. Peer group influence on secondary school students’ academic motivation is high at 3.02. There is significant relationship between peer group influence and secondary school students’ motivation towards learning at 0.005. There is no significant gender difference in peer group influence of secondary school student’s motivation towards learning at 0.958. There is no significant school type difference in secondary students’ academic motivation towards learning at 197. It is recommended that students should move with peer groups that will motivate them towards learning. 
SECURING THE FUTURE OF THE INVESTOR-STATE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT SYSTEM IN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT LAW*
Get PDFThe Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) system is presently at a watershed moment, calling for a need to appraise the entire system and consider its (continued) relevance in Investment Treaties and even International Investment Law (IIL) in general. The ISDS mechanisms embodied in most investment treaties provide rights to foreign investors to seek redress for damages arising out of alleged breaches of investment-related obligations by host governments. The use of international arbitration to resolve investor-state disputes has increased dramatically over the past two decades. According to UNCTAD’s July 2022 Report on Investor-State Arbitration, as at the end of 2021, the total number of publicly known ISDS claims is 1,190. Many developing countries, after a long "honeymoon" with foreign investors, have been re-considering the pros and cons of the ISDS mechanism and have become more cautious in their negotiations of international investment agreements. This paper argues that a complete abandonment of the ISDS system instead of working on its reform would be a case of throwing the baby out with the bath water. It is further argued that radical proposals such as the multilateral investment court and a return to the state-state dispute settlement, to overthrow the established ISDS system are ill-advised as they do not guarantee a fair dispute settlement system. There should be more focus on incremental reforms on the existing ISDS by addressing the concerns raised by the stakeholders in the investment regime. This paper is predominantly analytical as it is based on an extensive review of the relevant literature in international investment law
Pre-retirement Education and Financial Security among Senior Citizens in Nigeria Tertiary Institutions
Get PDFThe study focused on pre-retirement education and financial security among senior citizens in Nigerian tertiary institutions. A descriptive survey design was used for the study. The population of the study comprises all senior citizens in tertiary institutions in Nigeria, while the target populations were senior citizens aged 55 years and above from which 100 respondents were purposively selected and this constituted the sample for the study. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled ‘Retirement Education and Financial Security of Senior Citizens’ (REFSSC). The instrument was content validated by the experts. The overall reliability estimate of 0.76 was obtained using the Cronbach Alpha. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while the one sample t-test statistical technique was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that among the senior citizens, pre-retirement education is not well embraced which resulted to financial insecurity. The aged people’s financial security was in doubt after leaving active service due to unsuitable pension scheme and their welfare are not adequately taken care of. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended among others that there should be proper and adequate pre-retirement education among senior citizens and that more awareness should be created to engender adequate financial security among senior citizens in Nigeria tertiary institutions and beyond