Parkview Health Research Repository
Not a member yet
774 research outputs found
Sort by
Demographic, Clinical, and Mortality Trends of Law Enforcement-Related Trauma: A Trauma Quality Improvement Program Analysis.
No full textThis cross-sectional study examines demographic, clinical, and mortality trends of law enforcement–related traumatic injuries using 2014 to 2016 data from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program
Evaluation of Emergency Department Treatment of Pediatric Asthma Exacerbations
Get PDFObjective:
Primary: to assess the appropriateness of medications ordered in the emergency department (ED).
Secondary: to assess the appropriateness of discharge medications and new encounters within 30 days for another asthma-related problem
Standardizing Reporting of Participant Compensation in HCI: A Systematic Literature Review and Recommendations for the Field
No full textCHI \u2721: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The user study is a fundamental method used in HCI. In designing user studies, we often use compensation strategies to incentivize recruitment. However, compensation can also lead to ethical issues, such as coercion. The CHI community has yet to establish best practices for participant compensation. Through a systematic review of manuscripts at CHI and other associated publication venues, we found high levels of variation in the compensation strategies used within the community and how we report on this aspect of the study methods. A qualitative analysis of justifications offered for compensation sheds light into how some researchers are currently contextualizing this practice. This paper provides a description of current compensation strategies and information that can inform the design of compensation strategies in future studies. The findings may be helpful to generate productive discourse in the HCI community towards the development of best practices for participant compensation in user studies.
Free Full Text Available through Lin
Impact of Race and Socioeconomics Disparities on Survival in Young-Onset Colorectal Adenocarcinoma-A SEER Registry Analysis.
No full textINTRODUCTION: We aimed to assess the impact of socio-economic determinants of health (SEDH) on survival disparities within and between the ethnic groups of young-onset (age) colorectal adenocarcinoma patients.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) registry was used to identify colorectal adenocarcinoma patients aged between 25-49 years from 2012 and 2016. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meir method. Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the hazard effect of SEDH. American community survey (ACS) data 2012-2016 were used to analyze the impact of high school education, immigration status, poverty, household income, employment, marital status, and insurance type.
RESULTS: A total of 17,145 young-onset colorectal adenocarcinoma patients were studied. Hispanic (H) = 2874, Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaskan Native (NHAIAN) = 164, Non-Hispanic Asian Pacific Islander (NHAPI) = 1676, Non-Hispanic black (NHB) = 2305, Non-Hispanic white (NHW) = 10,126. Overall cancer-specific survival was, at 5 years, 69 m. NHB (65.58 m) and NHAIAN (65.67 m) experienced worse survival compared with NHW (70.11 m), NHAPI (68.7), and H (68.31). High school education conferred improved cancer-specific survival significantly with NHAPI, NHB, and NHW but not with H and NHAIAN. Poverty lowered and high school education improved cancer-specific survival (CSS) in NHB, NHW, and NHAPI. Unemployment was associated with lowered CSS in H and NAPI. Lower income below the median negatively impacted survival among H, NHAPI NHB, and NHW. Recent immigration within the last 12 months lowered CSS survival in NHW. Commercial health insurance compared with government insurance conferred improved CSS in all groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Survival disparities were found among all races with young-onset colorectal adenocarcinoma. The pattern of SEDH influencing survival was unique to each race. Overall higher income levels, high school education, private insurance, and marital status appeared to be independent factors conferring favorable survival found on multivariate analysis
Impact of Pandemic on Epidemiology and Management of Acute Colonic Pseudo Obstruction: Nationwide Clinical Data Research Network
No full textIntroduction Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO), also known as Ogilvie’s syndrome, is characterized by massive acute dilatation of the large intestine without a mechanical cause. Early recognition to identify serious adverse events such as ischemia/ perforation is critical to reducing mortality rates. COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant shift of resources for the treatment of patients with reduced utilization of endoscopy and imaging, which could have impacted outcomes in patients with ACPO. In this study, we aim to identify the change in the clinical outcomes in ACPO patients in 2020.
Methods All adult patients with a new diagnosis of intestinal obstruction without mechanical cause were identified using ICD-10 codes (K59.8, K56.69). Patients diagnosed with megacolon (K59.3) were excluded. Patients were included from TriNetX, a federated cloud-based network that comprises 92 healthcare organizations across the entire US. The primary outcomes were rates of pharmacological therapy (neostigmine use), lower GI endoscopic decompression (Colonoscopy/sigmoidoscopy), surgery (laparotomy), and overall 30 day- mortality. The outcomes were measured after 1:1 propensity matching of the groups based on the baseline demographics and comorbidities.
Results A total of 24,310 patients were diagnosed with ACPO in 2020 compared to 95,014 with a reduced incidence of 74.5%. Comorbidities of these patients at presentation and clinical outcomes are noted in Table 1. Patients with behavioral/neurodevelopmental disorders, obesity, opioid use and laxative were significantly higher in ACPO patients. After matching, rates of neostigmine use (risk ratio [RR]- 0.71 (CI- 0.41 – 1.23)), imaging (CT/MRI) (RR- 0.86 (CI- 0.72 – 1.03)), surgery ((RR- 0.93 (CI- 0.83 – 1.03)) did not differ between the groups. Endoscopic utilization reduced significantly in 2020 (RR- 0.86 (CI- 0.78 – 0.95)). Furthermore, mortality was low in 2020 group (RR- 0.74 (CI- 0.65 – 0.84)).
Discussion The rates of ACPO diagnosis in 2020 reduced by 74.5% compared to 2019. Although the neostigmine use, cross-sectional imaging use, and surgery rates did not change, endoscopic utilization was reduced by 15%. This was noted despite a need for urgent endoscopic decompression needed in these patients. Interestingly, the mortality was also reduced by 26% in 2020-ACPO groups even after lower utilization rates of endoscopy
Effect of Pandemic on Endoscopic Utilization in Colonic Volvulus: A Global Multicentric Study
No full textIntroduction- Acute colonic volvulus (ACV) is a gastrointestinal emergency that results from the torsion of a segment of the colon either at the level of the sigmoid colon or cecum. It can lead to severe complications such as bowel infarction and peritonitis which can increase mortality. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant reduction in endoscopic utilization globally. However, the data about endoscopy utilization in a gastrointestinal emergency such as ACV is not non-existent. Hence, we attempted to evaluate the rates of endoscopy utilization in 2020 compared to 2019 for ACV patients.
Methods- We used TriNetX, a federated cloud-based network comprising of 92 healthcare organizations (HCOs) across the US. All adult patients admitted with ACV in the year 2020, were compared to the ACV patients hospitalized in 2019. Patients with pseudocolonic obstruction and megacolon were excluded. The primary outcomes were rates of endoscopy (sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy) utilization and all-cause 30-day mortality. The clinical outcomes were measured after 1:1 propensity matching of the groups based on the baseline demographics and comorbidities.
Results- A total of 5,624 patients were hospitalized with ACV in 2020 compared to 21,119 patients in 2019 with a reduction of 73.4%. Comorbidites of these patients at presentation, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes are noted in Table 1. The mean age at presentation was 66.7 years (SD- 15.6 years). Patients with obesity, chronic use of opioid medications, and laxatives had a higher risk of ACV. After matching, rates of endoscopy utilization (risk ratio [RR]- 1.2 (CI- 0.77 - 1.82)), abdominal cross-sectional imaging rates (RR 0.96 (CI- 0.54 – 1.70)) did not differ between two groups. Furthermore, no change in mortality was noted in the 2020 ACV group compared to the 2019 group (RR- 1.01 (0.78 – 1.34)).
Discussion- The rates of ACV reduced significantly by 73.4% in 2020 compared to 2019. Despite the potential risk of infection transmission, the utilization of endoscopy, abdominal cross-sectional did not differ during the pandemic. Chronic use of opioids continues to be a major risk factor for ACV. Furthermore, there was no change in mortality rates in ACV 2020 compared to ACV 2019. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings.
Reference: Perisetti, A., Gajendran, M., Boregowda, U., Bansal, P., & Goyal, H. (2020). COVID‐19 and gastrointestinal endoscopies: current insights and emergent strategies. Digestive Endoscopy, 32(5), 715-72
The DISRUPT: A measure of parent distraction with phones and mobile devices and associations with depression, stress, and parenting quality.
No full textAbstract
The landscape of modern parenting has shifted as an increasing number of parents have and utilize smartphones and other mobile devices throughout the day. A validated measure of parent distraction with these devices is needed in the field. It is important to have a validated measure of parent distraction with mobile devices (e.g., phubbing, technoference), as this distraction can be common at times and could negatively impact the quality of parenting that children receive. In the current study, I developed a brief, parent-reported survey measure of parent distraction (DISRUPT), examined its reliability and validity (convergent, divergent) in two survey studies (Study 1, n = 473 parents; Study 2, n = 294 parents), and examined its usefulness in predicting parenting quality (predictive validity). Overall, the results provide initial support for the DISRUPT as a valid and reliable measure of parent problematic tendencies with their phone or mobile devices during time they spend with their children. The DISRUPT\u27s items loaded together well and were internally consistent, and scores were associated with technology use (e.g., problematic phone use) and well-being variables (e.g., depression, stress) in the expected directions. Results also revealed the measure to be useful, as scores predicted parenting-related variables over and above other technology use variables. The DISRUPT also functioned as a mediator in a conceptual model of depression and parenting stress predicting parent distraction (DISRUPT) which then predicted parenting quality
Characterizing Epidemiology and Associated-Factors of Adolescent Sports-Related Traumas Using Trauma Quality Improvement Program.
No full textABSTRACT: Sports-related injuries contribute to a considerable proportion of pediatric and adolescent craniofacial trauma, which can have severe and longstanding consequences on physical and mental health. The growing popularity of sports within this at-risk group warrants further characterization of such injuries in order to enhance management and prevention strategies. In this study, the authors summarized key trends in 1452 sports-related injuries among individuals aged 16 to 19 using the American College of Surgeon\u27s Trauma Quality Improvement Program database from 2014 to 2016. The authors observed a preponderance of injuries associated with skateboarding, snowboarding, and skiing, with significantly higher percentages of traumatic brain injuries among skateboarding-related traumas. Notably, we observed that traumatic brain injurie rates were slightly higher among subjects who wore helmets. Intensive care unit durations and hospital stays appeared to vary by sport and craniofacial fracture. Altogether, this study contributes to the adolescent sports-related injuries and craniofacial trauma literature
Characterization of Infliximab and Biosimilar Use in a Community Health System
No full text2021 ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting / Virtual / Poster #1129769
Objective: To identify characteristics of infliximab and relevant biosimilar use within a community health system
Pharmacist Impact on Cardiology Bundle Payments for Care Improvement and Patient Outcomes
Get PDF2021 ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting - Poster ID:1127833
Background: The Medicare Bundle Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) Initiative was created to better the transitions of care process, incentivize hospitals to reduce readmission rates, and improve overall care in hospitals nationwide.• As this payment structure has incorporated additional diagnoses, it has become a popular focus of research into interprofessional and pharmacy-based interventions to reduce readmission rates. • Data shows that pharmacist-led interventions during transitions of care can significantly contribute to decreased readmission rates. • This study examines the review process of the ambulatory-based cardiology pharmacists at Parkview Health in evaluating cardiology BPCI patients.
Objective: The study aims to evaluate the current pharmacist recommendation trends, to explore the impact of the Parkview cardiology clinical pharmacists on patient medication regimens and readmission events, and to identify patient populations most in need of pharmacist review