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“They Leave Their Babies Where?”: The Case of Repair-Driven Learner Explanation in an Adult ESL Conversation Class
Get PDFIn a world in which rampant misinformation and partial truths can spread like wildfire, adult English as a Second Language (ESL) conversation classes can become fertile ground for unplanned discussions about unexpected information. When a student introduces new information, it can lead to repair-driven side sequences in which student explanations take center stage. These moments not only help clarify misunderstandings but also provide valuable opportunities for learners to strengthen their interactional competence and navigate nuanced communication challenges in the target language
Manipulatives in a Mathematics Classroom: The Case of Frankards
No full textThere are variety of ways on how to teach mathematics effectively. One of these effective strategies is the use of manipulatives in discussing abstract concepts of mathematics. In this short report, a discussion on the use of a manipulative in a mathematics classroom shall be presented and discussed through illustrative examples. Additionally, feedback from teachers and students about their perceptions and experiences with the manipulatives will also be presented. In general, this short report aims to provide a hands-on experience of teachers and students with manipulatives and how to use it effectively
Exploring the “Cascade Effect” of AEBSF on Reduced Glioblastoma Proliferation
No full textGlioblastomas (GBMs) are one of the deadliest cancers, and yet still lack treatment. In this study, serine protease inhibitor AEBSF is shown to decrease GBM vi-ability and proliferation through a series of intertwined steps. By decreasing the expres-sion of ATP6V1A--the first step of the “cascade effect”--AEBSF creates an unfavorable environment for protease activity. Such “unfavorability” is proven by a decline in expres-sion of proteases MMP9 and ELANE upon GBM treatment with AEBSF. Increasingly higher concentrations of AEBSF are shown to decrease the percentage of cell viability, proliferation, and metastasis. This is explained through biological process enrichment analyses, which indicate that MMP9 and ELANE play a role in the disassembly of the extracellular protein network. This disassembly of the extracellular environment enables tumorigenic spread and viability. The results of the viability and proliferation assays, in combination with those of the indirect ELISAs, enrichment analyses, and scratch assays, underscore an intricate and profound sequence of events that constitute the “cascade effect”
‘Mis-religion of the Negro and Oppression’: William R. Jones, Theodicy, and Black Theology
No full textThree Ghanaian pre-service teachers’ conceptions of assessment literacy: Implications for teaching and learning of mathematics
No full textAssessment literacy is the knowledge and skills one needs to develop and practice in order to investigate what students know and can do, interpret the results of assessment, and use such results to decide how to improve learning effectively. This study explored pre-service teachers’ assessment literacy and the implications thereof for the teaching and learning of mathematics. Three second year pre-service teachers enrolled for Diploma in education consented to participate in the study. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed while pre-service teachers’ conceive assessment as an ongoing process aimed at gathering information about students’ learning their conception is more grounded on assessment being summative. While the study only focused on pre-service teachers’ conception, we recommend that pre-service teachers’ classroom assessment practice should be investigated, to ascertain how their knowledge of assessment informs their classroom practices
Regional Planning for Just and Reasonable Rates: Reforming Gas Pipeline Review
Get PDFNatural gas—a fuel used for electricity generation, heating, and transportation—plays an outsized role in the U.S. economy. Under the Natural Gas Act, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC or the Commission) is responsible for overseeing the orderly development of interstate natural gas pipelines, which facilitate the transmission of natural gas throughout the country. Before a developer can construct or expand an interstate pipeline, it must apply to FERC for authoriza-tion; FERC can approve the pipeline only if it finds that it is required by the “public convenience and necessity.” Although FERC should consid-er a range of factors to determine whether a pipeline will serve the public interest, in practice, it looks primarily to the existence of prece-dent agreements, i.e., contracts between a developer and its customers for the purchase of pipeline capacity. If a developer can demonstrate that there is a party willing to pay to use its pipeline, FERC rarely asks questions and almost always finds “public” need. In this way, the natu-ral gas transmission network has developed through a system of ad hoc decisionmaking organized around the needs of private companies that earn a hefty return on their capital investments.
This pipeline-by-pipeline approach to natural gas transmission build-out leads to the construction of unnecessary, underused pipe-lines, which in turn increases ratepayer costs and decreases consumer welfare. Climate change further increases the risk that pipelines will become obsolete as cities and states move toward electrification. Fur-thermore, the gas transmission planning process—or lack thereof—stands in stark contrast to electric transmission planning, an activity that FERC also regulates but that is conducted by centralized entities on a regional scale. This contrast is especially confounding consider-ing that electric transmission is regulated under the Federal Power Act, a sister law to the Natural Gas Act with similar statutory require-ments.
Relying on economic theory, legal history, and policy analysis, we make the case for FERC’s adoption of regional gas transmission plan-ning. We begin by describing the status quo and articulating why FERC’s current process is economically inefficient. In doing so, we draw parallels between gas and electric transmission planning and de-scribe how FERC treats the two activities inconsistently. We then ex-plain why, under two provisions of the Natural Gas Act, FERC possesses both the legal authority and obligation to require regional planning. Finally, we envision how FERC might conduct gas transmission plan-ning going forward, encouraging FERC to account for increasing elec-trification efforts and to plan for gas and electric transmission in tan-dem
Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Features of Huntington Disease: A Fatal Neurodegenerative Disorder with Autosomal Dominant Inheritance
No full textHuntington disease (HD) is a fatal genetic disorder that affects the movement and cognition of affected individuals. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, meaning that each child of a parent with HD has a 50% chance of inheriting the mutated gene. The mutation involves an expansion of a trinucleotide repeat (CAG) in the HD gene, which is located on the short arm of chromosome 4p16.3. The HD gene encodes a protein called huntingtin, which has an unknown function. The number of CAG repeats determines the severity and onset of the disease. Normal individuals have 26 or fewer repeats, while HD patients have 40 or more repeats. Individuals with 27 to 35 repeats do not develop HD, but they can pass on the mutation to their offspring, especially if the mutation is inherited from the father. Individuals with 36 to 39 repeats may or may not develop HD, depending on other factors. The more CAG repeats, the earlier the symptoms appear. HD is the most extensively studied neurodegenerative disorder with a genetic cause. There are genetic tests available to diagnose HD and to predict the risk of developing HD in asymptomatic individuals. There are also prenatal and preimplantation tests to prevent the transmission of HD to the next generation. HD is characterized by involuntary movements called chorea, which affect all muscles and impair all psychomotor functions. HD patients also suffer from cognitive decline and psychiatric symptoms, such as mood disorders and social changes. These symptoms are chronic and progressive, leading to complete dependence and death. Chorea can also be caused by other conditions, such as metabolic disorders or drug-induced side effects. Neuroimaging techniques, such as MR imaging, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), MR spectroscopy, and diffusion tensor imaging, can help to diagnose HD and monitor its progression. The pathophysiology of HD involves the loss of neurons and the dysfunction of neurotransmitter systems, especially the dopaminergic system. There is no cure for HD, but there are treatments to manage the symptoms and to improve the quality of life of HD patients. These include pharmacological interventions, such as dopamine receptor antagonists or depleters, and non-pharmacological interventions, such as psychological and social support. HD is a devastating disease that poses many challenges for patients, families, and healthcare providers. There is hope that gene-targeted therapies will be developed in the near future to stop or slow down the disease process
“Trapped in a History Which They Do Not Understand:” Reading James Baldwin with Thomas Merton, Toward a Spiritual Theological Interpretation of Mass Incarceration
No full textThis paper argues that Thomas Merton’s under-appreciated engagement with James Baldwin reveals Baldwin to be an essential resource for a theological account of mass incarceration and the spiritual sustenance of ati6on to dismantle the “New Jim Crow.” Merton highlights the religious insight of Baldwin’s conviction that white Americans are ravaged by a spiritual imprisonment that is concretized in distinct historical dynamics and which spell an apocalyptic foreboding. White Americans are, in Baldwin’s words, “trapped in a history which they do not understand.” With attention to the methodological and ethical pimalls of reading Baldwin theologically, and situating this exchange in the broader context of black theology and theological/spiritual responses to mass incarcera6on, it is argued that Baldwin produces essential and unique religious insights for interrupting the contemporary criminalization of black bodies. Merton's additions to Baldwin's thought is generative for future possibilities, particularly with Merton's development of a more robust mysticism