TULTECH Journals
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Land Subsidence Assessment by Using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry of Sentinel-1 Data: A Study of Vienna City, Austria
No full textPersistent Scatterer Interferometry analysis of Sentinel-1 radar images was carried out to assess the land subsidence phenomenon in the city of Vienna, Austria. The analysed dataset consisted of sixty Sentinel-1A Interferometric Wide images of January 2018 – December 2019, acquired in ascending orbit in vertical transmitting - vertical receiving polarization. In the city of Vienna do not occur major anomalies of land subsidence or uplift. However, there were detected few small zones with negative vertical displacement rates of up to -10 mm/year. Land subsidence in the area of the recently constructed Orbi tower detected by the PSI analysis is discussed in more detail. Further monitoring using geological engineering works and geodetic measurements is needed for this area. The study is a contribution on the assessment of subsidence and ground settlement processes in the city of Vienna, by means of satellite radar imagery
Smart Glove for Augmented and Virtual Reality
No full textThis research work is carried out on designing and prototyping a smart glove, which can conduct 3D interaction with computer MATLAB model in real time. The smart glove is constructed with only inertial measurement units for gathering and achieving human hand movement position data. This application will support the accuracy of the device and provide additional flexibilities for human interaction with other objects. The purpose of our design is to provide a smart glove with low price (less than 100€) for researchers in different institutions to develop their research projects with virtual and augmented reality. The design of hardware and software, as well as prototyping experiments is also presented
Development of Optimal Transmission Rate of the Kinematic Chain by using Genetic Algorithms Coded in Mathcad
No full textPart of machine element, require time to design, to calculate and to produce it. Production of helical gears passes through these processes. In this article is considered that production of these gears was made by milling machine. The goal is to minimize the time that needed to calculate the kinematic chain that is used to create the helical profile of gear. Kinematic chain contains the gears train with given set gears of the milling machine that mounted between driven shaft and raw part. Gear train usually is with two or three steps. An optimization algorithm will be used to find the correct tooth numbers of the gears train that gives the required transmission rate with acceptable accuracy. Genetic algorithm (GA) method has been used to find the optimal solution where the numbers of the teeth were variables and the transmission rate was the objective function
Alarm System for Earthquake Monitoring in Civil Constructions
No full textThis research work aims to improve earthquake alarm systems which is focused to monitor civil construction system. The proposed system has been used to monitor in real-time the stability of the structures and to report the state of the structure. Monitoring and determining the stresses at critical points also in the event of a catastrophe where the structure loses its stability and consequently collapses. The logging system will alarm and send the information to data collecting server. Due to the usage of this monitor system we can identify the extent of structure damage in case of damage caused by the earthquake
Geotechnical Characterization and Rockfall Simulation Using Remote Mapping. A case of Carnsew Quarry in Penryn, Cornwall (UK)
No full textRemote mapping involves obtaining rock slope data using laser scanning. The data is a collection of 3-D coordinates and typically includes intensity and colour information about objects present in the 3-D scene. Several software analyses were undertaken ranging from Split FX to stereographic projection to make sense of the data obtained by the method. Remote mapping has proved to be a very important and effective tool in terms of obtaining geotechnical data for observation and analysis. The rock slope section under consideration (Carnsew quarry) is an example of the need for remote mapping since hand mapping could not be achieved on the slope because of the safety hazard due to the steepness of the slope. Analysis of the slope data by kinematic analysis in Dips (stereographic projection) reveals a serious risk of failure that could result from either wedge or flexural toppling or both failure mechanisms. It is from these failure mechanisms that rockfall could originate from (through rocfall software analysis). This is true because of the steepness of the slope specifically the section above the haul road. The risk of rockfall possess a severe hazard on safety of workforce on the quarry mine. The height and energy possessed by rocks falling could also damage equipment on the mine. It was therefore, recommended that operations on this section of the slope be suspended for further geotechnical analysis to be done. Specifically, a cost benefit analysis was suggested to compare the cost of maintaining or stabilising the slope (control of wedge or flexural failure and rockfall) against the value of the slope section in terms of productivity
Model Predictive Control for Autonomous Vehicle Tracking
No full textThis study develops model predictive control (MPC) schemes for controlling autonomous vehicles tracking on feasible trajectories generated from flatness or polynomial equations. All of the vehicle online moving parameters including coordinate positions, body orientation angle, and steering angle are included into the MPC optimizer for calculating the real-time optimal inputs for the vehicle linear velocity and its steering velocity to minimize the errors between the desired and the actual course of travel. The use of MPC can simplify and eliminate the complexity of controller design since MPC can work itself as a system modelling controller. MPC can also handle online the constraints of any variables exceeding their limits. However the high computational demands are the main challenge for this method applying for the real applications
Identification of the Accidents Causes and their Engineering Analysis: The Case of Albania
No full textThis paper presents the general characteristics of road transport safety in Albania during the last decade. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the main factors of road accidents in Albania. Furthermore, statistical analysis has been presented regarding the number of perpetrators of accidents by gender and age, as well as other influential or contributing aspects related to vehicles, their age and the experience of drivers in Albania during the last decade. Due to the Covid-19 situation we haven’t take into account the year 2020
Valorization of Waste Textile Dyeing by Immobilized Fungus Daedalopsis Eff. Confragosa in Sawdust
No full textThis study aims to determine optimal valorisation of textile dyeing by immobilized fungus Daedalopsis Eff. Confragosa in sawdust as well as the quality of the valorisation, which covers Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), pH, colour and level of toxicity. This fungus was obtained from plantation areas in Negara, Bali. Textile dyeing wastewater was taken from the Mama & Leon textile dyeing industry, Tabanan Bali. The optimum condition needed to process the dyeing waste was at pH 4 with eight days of incubation. Field-scale textile waste treatment in a reactor containing the immobilized fungus Daedaleopsis eff. confragosa in sawdust for eight days can reduce colour, TSS, COD, and BOD by 79.78%, 779.11%, 88.307%, and 82.932%. Furthermore, textile waste processing results in a lower level of toxicity compared to the one before processing. The level of toxicity of wastewater before it was treated was mildly toxic. Meanwhile, the level of toxicity after treatment was non-toxic. In this paper we have tested the results on a large scale to ensure that this method was applicable for a practical purpose
Framed- or Frameless Photovoltaic in Snow Experiencing Climates
No full textCorrelated with the declining photovoltaic (PV) system’s prices are the increase in areas they can be proven cost-efficient. PV systems are recognized as vital renewable energy sources for the contemporary societies, however, one considerable incentive for implementation is the PV systems’ return of investment time. An elevation in PV systems’ efficiency will decrease the break-even time, promoting justifications for implementation. Evaluating PV systems installed in the northern hemisphere makes it eminent that the presence of snow is less than beneficial for PV energy production. As of now, there is a gap in the PV market where no purpose-designed PV system for snow exists. An optimized PV system for snow experiencing climates should contain measures that hinder accumulation of/remove accumulated snow. These measures cannot decrease the PV system’s efficiency, meaning they should not consume grid-fed energy or energy from the PV system itself. This article investigates one implementable measure capable of reducing the accumulation of snow on the PV system’s exterior glass window. Two test-systems were created and exposed to the Norwegian winter. These test-systems represents the framed- and the frameless PV system, and have all but one component similar, being the geometry of the exterior frame. By processing the empirical data, a statistical significance was found between the two test-systems’ power output, where a positive output difference favors the frameless PV module on snow experiencing days
The Attitude of High-School Students Regarding Online Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic Situation: The Case of Albania
No full textIn this paper, we present a study of the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic situation created in the pre-university education system in Albania for two years. We are mainly interested in students\u27 attitudes on online learning and its effect on their knowledge and future learning. For this, we have performed a survey composed of 28 questions answered by 1506 high-school students, of which 67.5 % study in public schools. Most students, 87.7 % of them prefer traditional learning, i.e., being in the classroom, while only 6.6 % seem to prefer more online learning. 79.4 % of the students have answered that they had the entire necessary appliance for online learning, but only 9.3 % of the total students admitted that they never had technical problems during online learning/teaching, while most of them usually had. The majority of students admit that their performance during the online classes was not at a high-quality level. Although they feel comfortable being online most of the time, they don\u27t feel the same about being online for studies purposes. They don\u27t feel very motivated to study online, because among other reasons, interestingly, they all admit that they are not self-disciplined and independent to do that. Consequently, they were not willing to regularly learn during online lessons, and they tend to cheat during the online exams. Unfortunately, this attitude has caused them a lack of knowledge to use in future classes. The results show that Albanian high-school students are not confident about online classes, and their attitude toward online learning seems to be not as good as pretended. Nevertheless, their behaviour and attitude seem to be improved during the second year of online teaching. However, from their responses, we conclude that they would like to combine online learning with the traditional one time to time because they believe this will help them become more independent and more responsible for the future