TULTECH Journals
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A New Criterion Weighting in Ranking Studies: European Next Generation Liveable Countries Ranking
No full textCriterion weighting is frequently used in ranking studies and multi-criteria decision-making problems where the power of the weights represents the important role of a variable. Variables with excessive weight may directly affect the ranking or selection results. In this study, a new criterion weighting method (Effect of Coefficient of Variation) based on the coefficient of variation is proposed. It is thought that the proposed method will give more balanced results, especially in the weighting of the variables with outliers. The proposed method was applied under the title of the new generation liveability index and the liveability ranking of European countries was determined. According to the ranking, Northern European countries occupy the first five places and the countries that left the former USSR and Yugoslavia occupy the last places
Historical Data-Based Heart Disease Analysis Using Machine Learning Techniques
No full textHealthcare solutions can be provided to every human being with the advancement of machine learning techniques, irrespective of age. Utilizing classification and clustering techniques, diseases can be predicted using a dataset of that specific disease, thereby reducing costs. Due to a lack of knowledge and skills to provide first aid to heart patients, emergency fatalities may occur. This research studies various datasets to identify different features or characteristics causing heart disease. Analysis of these features or the interrelationships between these features can play a vital role in the prediction of heart disease using machine learning algorithms and data mining techniques. The research aims to develop an accurate predictive model that can effectively identify individuals at high risk of developing heart disease. The study utilizes a diverse dataset consisting of various clinical and demographic features, including age, gender, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, diabetes, thalassemia, electrocardiogram readings, etc. The objective of this paper is to propose an integrated framework for pre-processing (as and when required), mining, training, and testing. This research implements three classification algorithms to analyze various historical datasets to make accurate predictions. The classifiers K-Nearest Neighbour, Naïve Bayes, and Decision Tree are employed to train and evaluate predictive models. The dataset is pre-processed, including handling missing values, normalizing features, and addressing class imbalances if present. In order to compare the accuracy of various datasets, a range of evaluation metrics, such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, are measured, and a performance evaluation confusion matrix is prepared. The results of the study demonstrate that a decision tree classifier with the selected features in the chosen dataset can be used to effectively predict heart disease. The novelty of this research is to select important features causing heart disease with the highest probability
The Effective Techniques for Enhancing the Turbulent Flow Between Two Parallel Plates: A Comprehensive Review
No full textThe development of heat transfer devices that are used for heat conversion and recovery in several industrial and household applications has depended for many years on the study of improving the heat transfer between two parallel plates. Enhancing thermal performance is of crucial importance to improving the performance and economy of the system, and this has been studied in numerous papers. As the turbulent effects increase, Reynolds numbers improve heat transfer. Therefore, enhancing the turbulent flow between two parallel plates needs a comprehensive review of all enhancement techniques. This review explains various methods to improve the heat transfer between two parallel plates for various plate types (such as flat, corrugated, wavy, chevron, and folded), and the research study was divided into experimental and numerical parts. Furthermore, critical information regarding different enhancement techniques, such as nanoparticle size, particle diameter, type of plate, flow regime, pressure drop, surface techniques, chevron angles, and parameters, is displayed in each section\u27s thorough table. The review indicates that the folded plate has a more turbulent effect on the airflow and gives a more uniform temperature distribution. This system\u27s thermal performance is 35% higher than that of a flat plate in terms of temperature distribution regularity, and it takes half the time to reach thermal equilibrium. The combination of a folded plate and PCM can enhance heat transfer. Therefore, we need more studies of all aspects of this area in the future
Condition Monitoring of Fixed and Dual Axis Tracker using Curve Fitting Technique
No full textThis paper deals with the condition monitoring of fixed and dual-axis tracking-based solar energy generation. Initially, the system has been developed with a software interface, and the power output of the single- and dual-axis solar trackers is monitored. From the power signatures, curve-fitting technique-based monitoring has been done. The characteristic equations from the current signatures have been extracted depending on the best-fit feature extracted from the analysis in the software domain. Depending on the extracted feature from the developed characteristic equation, an algorithm has been proposed for disintegrating the power outputs from the single and dual axis trackers in due course. Thereafter, a laboratory-based model has been built consisting of single and dual-axis trackers, and the data has been tracked at different intervals on two respective days to calculate the power outputs. The nature of the power output from the trackers has also been assessed using the same curve fitting technique, and it has been observed that the natures are exactly similar to those obtained from software simulation. Both the current signatures obtained from software and practical studies resemble a 5th-degree polynomial. However, the roots are slightly different in the case of practical study
Enhancement of Road Construction by Using Recycled Tire Rubber Modified Bitumen
No full textConventional asphalt used in road construction in Albania has faced many problems due to its lower quality and lack of maintenance. Most of the problems come from urban and industrial cities where vehicle usage is very high. The problem has been faced in the first three years after their construction with conventional asphalt due to lower crack resistance and skid resistance. This emerging situation has sparked recent interest from different researchers, companies, and the Albanian government to support improving the quality of road construction. Our research work will be focused on the production of mixture asphalts by using recycled tire rubber modified bitumen (RTR-MBs). Moreover, it will be analysed the physical and mechanical tests, which involve, respectively, penetration tests, softening point tests, and Marshall tests. All the new results will be compared to conventional asphalt
A Comparative Analysis of OSPF and EIGRP Routing Protocol Evaluation
No full textIn recent decades, technology has advanced quickly in every area of human life, but network data communications have grown at a particularly rapid rate. New terms like "Internet of Things," "Cloud" services, or "Bring your own devices (BYOD)" have been used to describe new ways of working, communicating, and socializing. The evolution of routing protocols has taken a similar course; simple distance vector protocols gave rise to the development of link state and hybrid protocols. Business demands for managing public and private cloud services, as well as the quick convergence of data centres to meet redundancy needs, have led to this progression. In order to accomplish their objective, routing protocols choose the best routes for transferring data from one node to another and define how routers communicate with one another. Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) and Interior Gateway Protocol (IGR) are the two primary kinds of routing protocols. The goal of this article is to evaluate the behaviour of OSPF and EIGRP, two IGR protocols that now control the market for industry standards in this area. Both function inside an autonomous system, and despite differences in how they build associations between attributes, how they respond to changes, and how they organize themselves topologically, they both succeed in delivering the same outcome in strong routing and network stability. Network convergence and communications timing, as well as packet delay variations regarding two distinct typologies, are evaluated as performance aspects in this paper. The first typology offers a basic framework for comparison, while the second looks at how scale affects both protocols
Assessment of Wind Potential: The Case of Puka Region in Albania
No full textMore than any time in the past, renewable energy sources and specifically wind energy are a focus point for research scientists as well as national governments across the world. However, the successful implementation of wind energy projects requires a thorough understanding, study and evaluation of the wind potential in the area of interest. This research work evaluates the wind potential in the region of Puka, Albania based on data from actual terrain measurements over 14 months, as well as measurements spanning 13 years from two atlases (Wind Balkan Atlas and New European Wind Atlas), analysed using the WasP program. Distribution maps of wind speed and power density at 50m a.g.l. show that hill summits in this area are classified as V and VI wind power class. The New European Wind Atlas was closer than the Wind Balkan Atlas to real-life terrain measurements based on the values of wind speed and power density gathered from the 9 wind turbines in the studied area. Observed wind climate files from both atlases show a 300 deviation in wind direction compared to terrain measurements. Changing the wind farm layout design for the turbines according to the main wind direction significantly lowered wake losses
Model Predictive Control with Softened Constraints for Hybrid Electric Vehicle
No full textThis research proposes a model of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) with a completely automated friction clutch linking the combustion engine and the main electric motor in order to switch between the pure electric driving mode and the combustion engine driving mode. For this HEV, a new model predictive control (MPC) method with relaxed limitations is created and implemented to regulate the vehicle\u27s speed and torque of the electric motor and combustion engine. The MPC system with loosened limits can improve the hybrid vehicle\u27s manoeuvrability and stability when tracking required speeds and torque requirements. This MPC is also capable of changing driving modes with a clutch that engages rapidly and smoothly. In spite of the dynamic limits imposed on states, inputs, and outputs, the HEV can better and more quickly track the target speeds and torques. The resilience and stability of a control system can be vastly improved by MPC with relaxed limitations.
 
Validation of the Hydrostatic Position of a Partially and Fully Submerged Vertical Curved Plane Surface Apparatus
No full textCultivating technological innovation and entrepreneurship development requires urgent attention in Africa, which is fertile ground for sustainable industrial hubs. The goal of this study is to validate locally made hydrostatic pressure equipment. To do this, specific goals need to be met, such as making hydrostatic position equipment from locally sourced materials, testing both ISO Standard and locally manufactured equipment, and comparing the locally manufactured equipment to an ISO Standard-certified one. Research and the Armfield hydrostatic position apparatus came up with the design method that was used in this project. Their work has been properly credited. The newly made equipment was used in the lab for tests, and the results were compared to those from ISO standard equipment based on what scholars thought. The Pearson product moment of correlation and t-test statistical methods were used to validate the newly fabricated apparatus. The new apparatus and the ISO Standard apparatus had a perfect fit of 1 for the correlation coefficient, and the t-test showed that there were no significant differences between the results from the two apparatuses when the same lab procedures were used. The newly fabricated hydrostatic pressure apparatus is much better than the ISO Standard one because it requires minimum operational and installation costs, no foreign exchange, little or no training costs, and locally sourced raw materials for fabrication. Sponsored creative innovation like this would sustain technological and entrepreneurial development and improve the nation’s gross domestic product (GDP)
A Comprehensive Platform for Air Pollution Control System Operation in Smart Cities of Developing Countries: A Case Study of Tehran
No full textControlling air pollution in megacities is crucial from both a health and environmental perspective. Air pollution is a pervasive problem in these densely populated cities and must be effectively managed to promote sustainability. This study presents a framework for the intelligent management of air pollution control systems in developing nations. The framework was developed through the use of an expert agreement model involving five managers from Tehran. The results indicate that the Decision Support System (DSS) is equipped with calibrated sensors for monitoring air quality. Additionally, the concentration of air pollutants can be determined through the application of machine learning algorithms and the analysis of historical data. Rapid response methods are then applied to mitigate the acute and chronic effects of air pollution. The DSS also incorporates citizens\u27 feedback to evaluate the effectiveness of air pollution control measures. Implementing this model in developing nations\u27 smart cities can help achieve several of the United Nations\u27 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as good health and well-being, sustainable cities and communities, climate action, and life on land