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Materials with strong metal-oxide interaction (SMOSI) highly efficient for HOR and tolerant to the presence of CO
No full textInternational audienceRecently, research in heterogeneous catalysis has mainly focused on SMSI (strong metal support interaction), aiming to enhance both the activity and stability between the metal and the support [1, 2]. In particular the development of anode materials for the PEMFC, driven by the increasing demand for clean and efficient energy suppliers. Approximately 90% of hydrogen produced via thermochemical processes contains impurities such as CO, CO₂, and H₂ S, which can significantly reduce the performance of PEMFC anode catalysts. Progress in this area is pivotal for the commercialization of PEMFC systems in applications ranging from residential to heavy-duty mobility. To address this challenge, a novel synthesis strategy was employed to develop binary and ternary materials comprising tin oxide coupled with Pt and PtRu with different structures in order to promote SMOSI (Strong metal oxide support interaction) [3]. Tin oxide can be used as a support or co-catalyst to boost electrocatalytic performance. Physicochemical characterization methods such as XRD, TEM, and XPS were used to determine the crystallite size, degree of alloying, particle size and distribution, surface and electronic properties of the materials. The electrocatalytic activity was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, polarization curve and CO stripping in both the absence and presence of a H 2 /0.1%CO gas mixture. The addition of tin oxide (SnO₂) to Pt and PtRu reduced the onset potential by 2.8 and 2 times compared with Pt and PtRu catalysts respectively. Poisoning resistance tests monitored by chronoamperometry were also carried out at 20°C and 60°C and
Prognostic factors of disability progression in multiple sclerosis in real life: the OFSEP-high definition (OFSEP-HD) prospective cohort in France
No full textInternational audiencePurpose: To determine prognostic factors of disability in multiple sclerosis (MS), that is, (1) identify determinants of the dynamics of disability progression; (2) study the effectiveness of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs); (3) merge determinants and DMTs for creating patient-centred prognostic tools and (4) conduct an economic analysis.Participants: Individuals registered in the French Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP) database were included in this OFSEP-high definition cohort if they had a diagnosis of MS, were ≥15 years old and had an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score <7. The outcomes will be assessed annually: (1) time to reach irreversible EDSS scores of 4, 6 and 7; (2) relapses and disease progression; (3) MRI-based progression, patient-reported outcomes, social consequences; and (4) combined outcomes on activity and progression. Clinical and quality-of-life data, MRI results and biological (blood, serum) samples will be collected at each follow-up.Findings to date: A cohort of 2842 individuals, 73.4% women, mean (SD) age of 42.7 (11.6) years, median disease duration of 8.8 years, has been recruited from July 2018 to September 2020. The course of MS was relapsing remitting in 67.7%, secondary progressive in 11.9%. The mean annual relapse rate was 0.98. The disease-modifying treatment received was highly effective therapy in 50.3% and moderately effective therapy in 30.7%.Future plans: The participants will be followed until December 2026. Disease course up to four landmarks will be examined as predictors of disease progression: (1) diagnosis of MS; (2) relapse activity worsening and independent progression; (3) any recent disease activity and (4) any visit with absence of disease activity in the past 5 years. The marginal effectiveness and tolerability of treatments will be assessed. Stratified algorithms will be proposed for medical decision-making. Economic evaluation of disease cost and cost-effectiveness of new DMTs will be conducted from a public payer perspective.Trial registration number: NCT0360345
Homéostasie et dyshoméostasie dans le langage et les comportements violents.: Un dialogue entre neurosciences et psychanalyse
No full textInternational audienceIn this article we consider the question of homeostasis and memory from the perspectives of neuroscience and psychoanalysis. Our aim is to describe a link between homeostasis/ dyshomeostasis, memory/language, and violent acting out. Our study is based on clinical observations concerning two groups of persons: those who were incarcerated for perpetrating non-premeditated murder and those who were victimized by violent trauma in their lives. The clinical findings, combined with the analysis of the relevant literature and research, demonstrate that the dyshomeostatic state, through a positive homeostasis, can drive the person to restore the balance by their usual coping mechanisms and thereby generate negative homeostasis. These acts-all violent, non-premeditated, and forms of desubjectivized acting outstem from being outside language on account of two pathological extremes of memory, its absence or its excess. Aided by neuroscience and the results of our clinical findings, we support the practice of recalling and strengthening memory traces of trauma in psychotherapy.</div
L’adaptation des politiques sociales française face à la crise démographique
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Les campagnes publicitaires pour le vin Jumilla en Espagne : une dynamique de résilience économique après la covid-19
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Rapport sur le Cachet de Michel-Ange
No full textInternational audienceFrancesca Iannelli und Alain Patrick haben das Vergnügen, einen kurzen Bericht über ein außergewöhnliches kleines Stück glyptischer Kunst zu präsentieren, das von der Hegel-Forschung bisher - unseren Erachtens nach - nie beachtet wurde. Es ist wahrscheinlich das Werk mit den geringsten Dimensionen aller Hegelschen Ästhetik-Vorlesungen: ein geschnitzter Karneol, 15,5 mm lang und 12 mm breit, der durch eine „ausgeglichene“ dionysische und bacchische Atmosphäre bemerkenswert ist . Unsere „investigativen“ Forschungen begannen vor einigen Jahren, und zwar 2022, an der Pariser Bibliothèque Nationale, inspirirt von einer ungewöhnlichen Passage aus dem ersten Berliner Kurs über Ästhetik, den Hegel 1820/21 gehalten hatte. In dieser Passage verweist Hegel im Abschnitt über die Skulptur ausnahmsweise auf „Michelangelos Siegel“, das der Philosoph - nur einmal in der Berliner Zeit - ohne weitere Präzisierung erwähnt. Dieser Verweis, summarisch und en passant, für uns heute eher kryptisch, zeigt, dass Hegels Zeitgenossen sehr wohl verstanden haben müssen, was der Philosoph meinte. Für uns hingegen ist der Hinweis eher rätselhaft. Man fragt sich: Spielte Hegel auf einen antiken Siegelring an, den Michelangelo besaß und trug? Oder nahm er an, dass sich der große Meister von einem solchen kleinen Meisterwerk der Antike zu weiteren Werken der italienischen Renaissance inspirieren ließ?Francesca Iannelli and Alain Patrick are pleased to present a brief report on an extraordinary small piece of glyptic art that, to our knowledge, has never been noticed by Hegel scholars before. It is probably the smallest work of all Hegel's lectures on aesthetics: a carved carnelian, 15.5 mm long and 12 mm wide, remarkable for its ‘balanced’ Dionysian and Bacchic atmosphere. Our ‘investigative’ research began several years ago, in 2022, at the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris, inspired by an unusual passage from the first Berlin lectures on aesthetics that Hegel had given in 1820/21. In this passage, Hegel refers to ‘Michelangelos Siegel’ in the section on sculpture, which the philosopher mentions only once during his time in Berlin without further clarification. This reference, summary and en passant, rather cryptic to us today, shows that Hegel's contemporaries must have understood very well what the philosopher meant. For us, however, the reference is rather puzzling. One wonders: was Hegel alluding to an ancient signet ring that Michelangelo owned and wore? Or did he assume that the great master was inspired by such a small masterpiece of antiquity to create further works of the Italian Renaissance
TSLP and Nasal Epithelium: A Missing Link in Tezepelumab's Mechanism
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NiO whiskers growth driven by the presence of Pt nanoparticles during Ni-base superalloy oxidation
No full textInternational audienceThe formation and growth of NiO whiskers on a platinum-containing nickel-base superalloy was monitored continuously up to 113 hours, at 920°C, under 50 Pa of air, using High-Temperature Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy. The images recorded revealed that two types of whiskers form and grow at two different stages of the oxidation process. The first type of whisker forms as soon as the isothermal plateau at 920°C is reached. The growth rate is greater than 500 nm/min. After a few hours of isothermal oxidation, these whiskers have grown and are integrated into the oxide layer covering the surface of the sample. The second type of NiO whiskers forms after 20 hours of isothermal stabilization. They grow at a rate of around 1 to 10 nm/min for several tens of hours. The formation and growth of these whiskers is directly linked to the presence of platinum nanoparticles on the surface of the alloy. The mechanisms of whiskers formation and growth are discussed
Plavimop and eye tracking: A method to integrate 2D gaze data within a C3D file of a point-light display
No full textInternational audienceUnderstanding how humans observe and interpret actions is vital for social interaction. Point-light displays (PLDs), which depict actions using only joint movements, are widely used to study this process. Recently, PLAViMoP — an open-access database of 3D PLDs covering everyday actions, fine-motor skills, sports movements, facial expressions, social interactions, and robotic actions — has been introduced to facilitate the use of PLDs. PLAViMoP includes a search engine and metadata for each sequence, including movement type, label, actor sex, and age. In complement to the database, here we present a novel methodology that integrates eye-tracking data into the PLD reference frame, allowing gaze behavior and action kinematics to be jointly analyzed (i.e., in a unified dataset). This combined approach offers new insights into action perception and has broad applications in health, sports, and occupational settings. It also offers a promising tool for continuous psychophysical studies of the perception of biological movement