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Saint-Denis, Ruelle Mazeau, 39-41-43 rue Jean Chatel, 34-36-38 rue Labourdonnais, Rapport de diagnostic - DROM, La Réunion (974), Saint-Denis
No full text"Mark Twain, un admirateur inattendu", chapitre d'ouvrage, sous la direction d'Aurélie Barjonet et Timo Kehren
No full textInternational audienceSamuel Langhorne Clemens, de son nom de plume Mark Twain, a permis à la littérature étatsunienne de se détacher de la littérature britannique, de sa langue et de ses normes grâce à toute cette oralité qui caractérise son célèbre roman "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" (1884). Selon Pascale Casanova, avec ce roman « le monde littéraire et le public américains pouvaient revendiquer une véritable “américanité”, une oralité, une spécificité, donc une différence reposant sur toutes les variantes dialectales du melting pot». Si Twain rompt avec la littérature anglaise, il convient de se demander quel rôle a pu jouer, dans son œuvre, la littérature produite dans la capitale de cette république mondiale des lettres décrite par Casanova. Force est de constater que Twain eut un vif intérêt pour le naturalisme d’Émile Zola. Afin de découvrir quel rôle Zola a pu jouer en filigrane pour Twain – qu’Hemingway identifie lui aussi comme le père fondateur d’une littérature nationale – cette étude propose une exploration de la dimension matérielle de la réception de Zola par Twain. L’analyse s’appuiera sur les séjours de Twain en France, ses amitiés réelles et virtuelles (via sa collection de cartes de visite), ses lectures des textes zoliens ainsi que ses écrits sur – et symboliquement aux côtés de – Zola. Mon hypothèse est que la recherche de la vérité et ce que Sydney J. Krause nomme « l’oppositionnisme » de Twain rencontrent la posture de Zola, à la fois en tant qu’écrivain et intellectuel, notamment dans un essai que Twain consacre au roman "La Terre" (1887) et dans ses notes griffonnées dans un exemplaire de "Rome" de 1896
Barbara Bray, A Woman of LettersTranslator, Radio Producer, Scriptwriter, Critic, and Theatre Director
No full textInternational audienceBarbara Bray (1924-2010) was an English woman of letters who translated some hundred novels, plays, and essays from French to English and was Marguerite Duras’s preferred translator. She also collaborated with some of the most prestigious directors and playwrights of the 20th century – Harold Pinter, Samuel Beckett, Joseph Losey, and Franco Zeffirelli – helping them write screenplays and radioplays. This literary biography (re)evaluates in a textual, sociological, and historical perspective the social role of an English writer and translator in the history of ideas and contemporary art. Highlighting Bray’s influence in cultural transfers of ideas and literatures between France, Great Britain, and the United States, it renders visible the yet unrecognised work of a female mediator and creator. It nourishes the debate about women’s public voice and the representation of women in the media industries and contributes to enrich the ‘other’ history that is being currently written by feminist scholars around the world
PCR AMBACIA, autorisation triennale 2024-2026, 1ere année. Rapport de Projet Collectif de Recherche
No full textAlternative to Inflation Variable Constants Regime in Primeval Era
No full textWe complete the Janus cosmological model by describing its radiative era. Going back in time, there comes a moment when the distance between hadrons tends to become less than their Compton length. This evolutionary scheme is completed by a variable-constant era in which all physics constants, as well as space and time gauges, participate in a generalized gauge phenomenon, leaving all physics equations invariant. Lorentz invariance is maintained. As a result, the cosmological horizon evolves like the scale factor, ensuring the homogeneity of the universe at all epochs, right up to decoupling. This model is therefore an alternative to the inflation model. When the distance between hadrons becomes greater than their Compton length, the constants take on the values we know today, and the redshift phenomenon appears
Spherical Harmonics collocation: A computational intercomparison of several grids
No full textInternational audienceSpherical discrete models are of primary importance in many domains in Computational Physics. In Grid Methods, a particular spherical grid is used in conjunction with a functional approximation procedure, such as finite elements, finite volumes, or collocation. In the traditional pseudospectral approach, a Spherical Harmonics subset is associated to the Longitude-Latitude grid. Here we numerically compare how Spherical Harmonics match three standard grids, the Lon/Lat grid, the equiangular Cubed Sphere and the Icosahedral grid. Our analysis is based on a numerical algorithm providing a specific echelon form of the associated Vandermonde matrix of the couple (Spherical Harmonics subset) / (grid), already introduced in previous works. Numerical results are presented, first in the context of interpolation, and second in the one of quadrature rules. These results support that the Icosahedral grid and of the Cubed Sphere behave better than the traditional Lon/Lat grid. The conclusion is that our interpolation approach is effective on the Icosahedral grid and the Cubed-Sphere. However, it shows deficiencies on the Lon/Lat grid
Les effets positifs du sport – Essai de caractérisation et de recensement
No full textInternational audienceIn economics, many effects can be identified. Some are the result of an economic agent's adaptation or reaction to an event that affects it. Others are desired by the actor who is at the origin of them, most often because he can derive a benefit from them. Still others arise when an activity provides a free benefit to outsiders (positive externalities). Sport is an area of activity where these effects are many and varied. However, it is not always easy to identify and distinguish between them. Based on more than 40 years of observant participation, the aim of this contribution is to carry out this work and then to validate the effects identified through a literature search. By proceeding in this way, ten effects belonging to each of the three categories mentioned can be identified. Although there are four main limitations to this approach, it is of interest in a number of ways: five are applied and one is more conceptual.En sciences économiques, de nombreux effets peuvent être mis en évidence. Certains sont le fruit de l’adaptation ou de la réaction d’un agent économique à un évènement qui l’affecte. D’autres sont souhaités par l’acteur qui en est à l’origine, le plus souvent car il peut en tirer un bénéfice. D’autres encore apparaissent lorsqu’une activité procure un avantage gratuit à des personnes extérieurs (externalités positives). Le sport est un domaine d’activité où ces effets sont nombreux et variés. Il n’est cependant pas toujours facile de les recenser et de les distinguer. Sur la base d’une participation observante de plus de 40 ans, l’objectif de cette contribution est d’effectuer ce travail puis de valider les effets identifiés par une recherche bibliographique. En procédant de la sorte, dix effets appartenant à chacune des trois catégories mentionnées peuvent être identifiés. Bien qu’elle soit assortie de quatre limites principales, cette réflexion présente plusieurs intérêts : cinq appliqués et un plus conceptuel
Legionella pneumophila subverts the antioxidant defenses of its amoeba host Acanthamoeba castellanii
No full textInternational audienceLegionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, interacts in the environment with free-living amoebae that serve as replicative niches for the bacteria. Among these amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii is a natural host in water networks and a model commonly used to study the interaction between L. pneumophila and its host. However, certain crucial aspects of this interaction remain unclear. One such aspect is the role of oxidative stress, with studies focusing on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by the host and putting less emphasis on the involvement of the host's antioxidant defenses during the infectious process. In this study, we propose to examine the consequences of infection with L. pneumophila wild-type or with an isogenic ΔdotA mutant strain, which is unable to replicate intracellularly, on A. castellanii. For this purpose, we looked at the host ROS levels, host antioxidant defense transcripts, and metabolites linked to the amoeba's antioxidant defenses. It is known that L. pneumophila WT can block the activation of NADPH oxidase as soon as it enters the macrophage and suppress ROS production compared to ΔdotA mutant strain. In addition, it has been shown in macrophages that L. pneumophila WT decreases ROS at 24 h p.i.; here we confirm this result in amoebae and suggest that this decrease could be partly explained by L. pneumophila differentially regulated host antioxidant defense transcripts at 6 h p.i.. We also explored the metabolome of A. castellanii infected or not with L. pneumophila. Among the 617 metabolites identified, four with reduced abundances during infection may be involved in antioxidant responses. This study suggests that L. pneumophila could hijack the host's antioxidant defenses during its replication to maintain a reduced level of ROS
Are all PTSD cases complex PTSD? Results from a latent profile analysis
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Recently, the ICD-11 has proposed the existence of both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (C-PTSD). However, empirical studies present conflictual results regarding a clear distinction between PTSD and C-PTSD. The aim of this study is to replicate previous works to shed light on the debate related to the distinction between PTSD and C-PTSD.Method: We recruited 115 patients (97 women, 18 men) suffering from PTSD consecutively during consultations at the trauma center. After providing consent, they filled out multiple questionnaires, including the International Trauma Questionnaire, the PTSD Checklist Scale, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.Results: Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) identified four distinct latent classes that differed primarily in terms of the intensity of symptoms rather than the presence of specific symptoms. The classes were: (1) Severe C-PTSD, (2) Moderate C-PTSD, (3) Imbalanced C-PTSD, and (4) Low PTSD symptoms.Conclusion: Within our sample, we did not successfully distinguish patients suffering from PTSD and C-PTSD. Every patient seemed to suffer from C-PTSD except those with low PTSD symptoms. This supports a more dimensional understanding of patients suffering from PTSD
Wall pressure amplification of shock-collapsed multi-bubble arrays near a rigid wall
No full textInternational audienceThis numerical study investigates the collapse of various arrangements of gas bubbles immersed in water in the vicinity of a rigid wall and impacted by a planar shock wave. Multiple bubble configurations, from 2 to 5 bubbles, are compared, focusing primarily on the pressure loads on the wall and the potential amplification in comparison with the single-bubble case. The three-dimensional simulations are performed using a massively parallel compressible diffuse interface solver. The effects of the grid resolution and the mass transfer term are discussed. The main characteristics of the flows are described, and the dynamic behaviors in pressure wave propagation are illustrated. A power-law is proposed for the evolution of the maximum pressure peak on the wall as a function of the density ratio of the bubble array. An amplification of a factor 30 is highlighted for a pyramidal arrangement