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The synergistic and mediating effects of ozone on associations between high temperature, heatwaves and mortality in the Greater London area between 2010 and 2018.
No full textInternational audienceThe health impacts of increasing heat exposure are alarming, especially in a climate change era. The role of ozone in the extreme temperature-mortality association remains unclear. We examined the mechanisms through which ozone influences extreme temperature-mortality association in Greater London, UK, from 2010 to 2018. Employing a time-series analysis with generalized linear quasi-Poisson models, we quantified the effects of daily 8-hour maximum ozone concentrations, heatwaves, and extreme temperature on all-cause, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality. Interaction analyses were applied to assess the synergistic effects of ozone and heat-related exposures. A causal mediation analysis was utilized to decompose the total effect of high temperature/heatwave on mortality into direct and indirect effects. The risk of all-cause mortality during the warm season (May to September) increased by 1.3% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.1%, 1.6%) for each 1°C increment in daily mean temperature. Heatwave days (two or more days with unusually high temperatures) were associated with an 8.6% (95% CI:6.9%, 10.4%) increase in all-cause mortality compared to non-heatwave days. These effects were more pronounced for respiratory mortality, i.e. 1.6% (95% CI: 1.0%, 2.2%) increase per 1°C increment in temperature and 9.6% (95% CI: 4.6%, 15.0%) increase during heatwaves. The risk of heat-related mortality increased on high ozone days, and high temperatures amplified the risk of ozone-related mortality. The proportion of the total effect of extreme temperature and heatwaves on all-cause mortality mediated by ozone was 8.5% and 8.8%, respectively. For respiratory mortality and heatwaves, the proportion mediated was 14.9%. Our findings show synergistic effects of ozone and extreme temperature on mortality, as well as mediating effects of ozone in the heat-mortality associations
« Optimizing Imaging and Dose–Reponse in Radiotherapies » XVIe édition de l’atelier organisé par le réseau « Vectorisation, Imagerie, Radiothérapies » du Cancéropôle Grand-Ouest – 4–7 octobre 2023, Erquy, France
No full textInternational audienceThe sixteenth edition of the international workshop organized by \"Tumour Targeting & Radiotherapies\" network of the Cancéropôle Grand-Ouest focused on the problem of optimizing the dose-effect relationships of internal and external radiotherapy, using a variety of innovations from different disciplines, such as technological and imaging advances, vectorization, artificial intelligence, modeling and combined therapies
Occupational exposure to ultrafine particles and lung cancer in a population exposed to asbestos
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Ultrafine particles are present in ever greater quantities in the workplace and only one epidemiological study to date has found an association with the occurrence of lung cancer.Objective: To investigate the effect of occupational exposure to ultrafine particles on the risk of lung cancer.Methods: The ARDCO is a surveillance program involving retiree workers who had been exposed to asbestos during their working life. Exposure to ultrafine particles over the complete lifetime occupational history was assessed using the French job exposure matrix MATPUF. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: There was no association between exposure to ultrafine particles and lung cancer after adjustment for smoking and exposure to asbestos and crystalline silica.Conclusion: The findings do not indicate increased risks of lung cancer for UFP after adjustment for level of exposure to asbestos, crystalline silica, and smoking status.Clinical trial number: Not applicable
Results of an international survey (ISTH) on the management of therapeutic-intensity unfractionated heparin
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Using the NanoBioAnalytical (NBA) Platform to Decipher Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Microvascular Endothelial Cells Under Benzo[a]pyrene Exposure
No full textInternational audienceRecent advances in the clinical extracellular vesicles (EVs) field highlight their potential as biomarkers for diverse diseases and therapeutic applications. This study provides an in-depth characterization of 10k EVs from human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in food and smoke. Given EVs’ complexity, with numerous surface and cargo proteins, phenotyping remains challenging. Here, we introduce a multiplex biosensor, in µarray format, for profiling EVs from distinct cellular conditions, employing a multimodal approach that combines surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) and in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) to decipher EVs’ biochemical and biophysical properties. SPRi experiments showed notable EV capture differences on ligands such as Anti-CD36, Anti-CD81, and Anti-ApoA between treated and control conditions, likely due to B[a]P exposure. A complementary AFM study and statistical analyses revealed size differences between EVs from treated and control samples, with ligands like Annexin-V, Anti-CD36, and Anti-VEGFR1 emerging as ligands specific to potential cytotoxicity biomarkers. Our findings suggest that B[a]P exposure may increase EV size and alter marker expression, indicating phenotypic shifts in EVs under cytotoxic stress. The original combination of SPRi and AFM reveals valuable data on the phenotypical and morphological heterogeneities of EV subsets linked to cytotoxic stresses and highlights the potential of EVs as specific toxicological markers
Effects of polysaccharide-based edible coatings on the shelf life of fresh-cut carrots with different pigmentations
No full textInternational audiencePromoting the consumption of purple carrots, particularly in ready-to-eat products, is justified due to their peculiar composition and health benefits for consumers. However, there is limited literature on the shelf life of ready-to-eat purple carrots and the potential role of edible coatings in mitigating their quality decay. This study examined the postharvest behavior of sliced carrots 'Dordogne' (orange) and 'Purple Sun' (purple), both uncoated and coated with chitosan (CH) or locust bean gum (LBG), stored for 0 (S 0 ), 4 (S 4 ), and 8 (S 8 ) days at 4.0 • C. 'Purple Sun' proved a high fresh weight loss (up to 7.57 g 100 g -1 FW) and respiration metabolism. Compared to controls, CH reduced total color difference in 'Dordogne' (-70 %) but increased it in 'Purple Sun' (+68 %) due to the occurrence of tissue browning. Compared to uncoated controls, at the end of storage, total phenolic and ascorbic acid contents were lower in CH-coated 'Purple Sun' (-14 % and -20 %, respectively), while CH preserved total carotenoid content in 'Dordogne' (up to 1000 mg kg -1 DW). Moreover, compared to controls, LBG promoted Pseudomonas spp. (+23 % and +22 % in 'Dordogne' and 'Purple Sun', respectively) and yeasts and molds (+26 % and +24 %, respectively). Overall, these results indicate that issues of ready-to-eat carrots are significantly affected by carrot type, with the gas-barrier effect (in the case of CH for 'Purple Sun') and the antimicrobial properties of LBG (for both cultivars) seeming the most critical aspects to enhance the shelf life of the tested carrots
“Black-and-White” thinking: Does visual contrast polarize moral judgment? Independent replications and extension of Study 1
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Deep-learning-ready RGB-depth images of seedling development
No full textInternational audienceIn the era of machine learning-driven plant imaging, the production of annotated datasets is a very important contribution. In this data paper, a unique annotated dataset of seedling emergence kinetics is proposed. It is composed of almost 70,000 RGB-depth frames and more than 700,000 plant annotations. The dataset is shown valuable for training deep learning models and performing high-throughput phenotyping by imaging. The ability of such models to generalize to several species and outperform the state-of-the-art owing to the delivered dataset is demonstrated. We also discuss how this dataset raises new questions in plant phenotyping
Metal pollution induced by war shipwrecks : The case of the HMS Magic shipwreck in the Seine Bay, France
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Early Zanclean coarse-grained deltas of southern France as terrestrial analogs to jezero western delta
No full textInternational audienceSince its landing in February 2021 and until the end of 2024, the Perseverance rover of the Mars 2020 mission has acquired observations on the western sedimentary fan of Jezero crater. First remotely, and then in-situ, these data have been useful to confirm the formation of the fan as a Gilbert-type delta, fed by water inputs from Neretva Vallis [1-4]. While the extensive data acquired with the rover allows to finely study the facies and geometries of the delta, some questions could be solved with help from a more external point of view. In that, we here propose terrestrial analogs to the Jezero delta to observe and compare mechanisms that led to the morphologies now preserved on Mars. We focus our attention on coarsegrained, barely lithified Gilbert-delta systems from the Early Zanclean period (~5 Ma, Early Pliocene) in southern France that could offer such analogies