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Le concept de scène à l'épreuve de la ville végétale, le cas d'Angers en France.
No full textInternational audienceThis chapter aims to test the relevance of the concept of scene by comparing it with the theme of plants in the city of Angers, allowing us to take a step aside from the approach favored in this book, which focuses on artistic and cultural activities.1 The foundations of an Angevine plant scene were laid at an early stage, as early as the 15th century. Today, they take the form of a plant production ecosystem, fostered by a singular configuration and a very dense network of players (lived scene). The impact on the local population in terms of perceived ambiance and civic involvement is growing, but remains fragile and uneven depending on the neighborhood (experienced scene). What's more, the local narrative initiated by public authorities on nature in the city to label this scene and increase its visibility or appropriation by the population (constructed scene) gives rise to disagreements, making the green city a place of potential conflict between different communities.Ce chapitre vise à tester la pertinence du concept de scène en le confrontant à la thématique du végétal dans la ville d'Angers, permettant de faire un pas de côté par rapport à l'approche privilégiée dans ce livre et centrée sur les activités artistiques et culturelles 1 .Les bases d'une scène végétale angevine sont posées précocement, dès le xv e siècle. Aujourd'hui, elles prennent la forme d'un écosystème de production végétale, favorisé par une configuration singulière et un réseau très dense d'acteurs (scène vécue). L'impact sur la population en termes d'ambiance perçue et d'implication citoyenne se développe, tout en restant fragile et inégal selon les quartiers (scène éprouvée). De plus, le récit local initié par les pouvoirs publics sur la nature en ville pour labelliser cette scène et en accroître la visibilité ou l'appropriation par la population (scène construite) suscite des désaccords, faisant de la ville végétale un lieu de conflits potentiels entre différentes communautés.</p
Association between PFAS exposure and metabolic-related biomarkers in Spanish adolescents
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exert endocrine disruptive effects on the endocrine-metabolic axis. Emerging knowledge suggests that kisspeptin may play a key role in these effects.Objective: To assess the cross-sectional association of blood PFAS concentrations with kisspeptin levels, KISS1 gene DNA methylation, and metabolic-related biomarkers in adolescent males from the Spanish INMA-Granada cohort.Methods: Seven PFAS and twelve biomarkers (glucose-GLU, total cholesterol-TC, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, ALP, AST, ALT, GGT, total bilirubin-BILT, direct bilirubin-BILD, and urea) were measured in plasma and serum, respectively, from 129 adolescent males (15-17 yrs). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), pulse, z-scored body mass index, kisspeptin protein levels (n = 104) and whole blood KISS1 DNA methylation (n = 117) were determined. Linear regression models, weighted quantile sum (WQS), and Bayesian kernel machine (BKMR) were fit.Results: PFHpA was associated with lower GLU levels [% change per log-unit increase in plasma concentrations (95%CI) = -4.73 (-8.98;-0.28)], and PFUnDA with higher GLU, TC, and HDL levels. In models adjusted by kisspeptin level, PFOS was associated with higher SBP [3.42 (-0.12; 7.09)]. Additionally, PFNA and total PFAS concentrations were associated with higher kisspeptin levels [3.91 (0.55; 7.37) and 6.14 (0.47; 12.13), respectively]. Mixture models showed that combined PFAS exposure was associated with higher HDL, lower hepatic biomarkers (ALT, BILD) and higher kisspeptin levels.Conclusion: Certain PFAS (e.g. PFUnDA) and their mixture were associated with metabolic-related biomarkers, mainly GLU, HDL, and SBP. These associations may be influenced by kisspeptin levels. More studies are needed to verify these observations
Borehole description of the valley bottoms alluvium in the Seine catchment
No full textDataset presents a total of 4817 boreholes that intersect the alluvium at the bottom of the main valleys within the Seine River catchmentThis dataset presents a total of 4817 boreholes that intersect the alluvium at the bottom of the main valleys within the Seine River catchment, mapped based on geological maps at 1:50 000 scale (Pomerol and Monciardini, 1992; Janjou, 2004; Quesnel et al., 2008). The boreholes were extracted from (i) the BSS (Base du Sol et Sous-sol) database available on the French Geological Survey (BRGM) website (http://infoterre.brgm.fr/) and (ii) data available in the literature (Lefebvre et al., 1974; Pomerol and Morciandini, 1992; Krier, 2004; Chourio- Camacho et al., 2024). Each borehole was manually analyzed to ensure consistency between data. This dataset contains the following information: (i) geographic position of each borehole using both WGS84 and the RGF Lambert 1993 projection, (ii) elevation at the bedrock-alluvium interface, (iii) a description of the alluvium such as total alluvial thickness, alluvial facies description, depth and thickness of each individual alluvial facies, (iv) bedrock characteristics such as lithology, geological formation and age, (v) valley location (Chourio- Camacho, 2024) and (vi) total of facies for each borehole, date of drilling, the data provider and the link to data. Our dataset has numerous applications in geomorphology and hydrology. It allows estimating the geometry of the alluvial infill and reconstituting the geometry of the top of the bedrock substrate or quantifying the sediment volume storage along the valley bottoms of the Seine catchment
Anti-Xa assays for unfractionated heparin monitoring: should we use a reagent with or without dextran sulfate? Insights from two recent studies
No full textInternational audienc
BiSePS2
No full textA data processing pipeline for raw fastq read data of bisulfite experiments, designed to map bisulfite treated sequencing reads to a genome of interest and perform methylation calls
Le printemps silencieux comme expression paysagère du changement climatique dans nos villes ?: Les paysages sonores ressourçants du bois de Burck (Bordeaux Métropole) : vers un indicateur anthropobiophonique en milieu urbain
No full textInternational audienceIn cities, climate change cannot be dissociated from the environmental question of the landscape. In this respect, the sound ecology of the landscape developed by Raymond Murray Schafer takes on its full meaning in the territorial sound experience shared by humans and non-humans. Since the 1970s Schäfer has raised awareness of the world of sound shared by the human and non-human features of the environment; the very process of perceiving sound and including it in our ordinary relationship with the environment has a name: soundscape. In order to capture all the spatial dynamics of this territorial sharing of human and non-human sound sources, we propose to apprehend the biophonic and anthropophonic qualities of the experienced environment—as defined by Bernie Krause (2016)—through the landscape and the spectrum of presence; an approach currently being tested in quiet areas such as woods, forests, parks and gardens in the metropolitan area of Bordeaux. This method of surveying and analysing the urban soundscape provides a ‘snapshot’ of the anthropophonic effects of rapid urbanisation and climate change. It provides a tool for conducting an ambient diagnostic of ‘sound sanctuaries’ within the city that need to be preserved or created to meet the acclimatisation needs of urban dwellers in situations of environmental stress. Eventually, the intention is for this ambient analytical model to evolve into a tool for observing and qualifying sound environments to study the potential status and use of these ‘quiet zones’ in the face of urban responses to climate change.En ville, le défi climatique n’est pas dissociable de la question écologique du paysage. À ce titre, l’écologie sonore paysagère développée par Raymond Murray Schafer prend tout son sens dans le partage territorial sonore entre humains et non-humains. Depuis les années 1970, Schafer a réveillé notre écoute du monde sonore entre vivant et non-vivant ; le processus même de perception du sonore et son intégration dans le rapport ordinaire à l’environnement portent un nom : le paysage sonore. Afin de saisir toute la dynamique spatiale de ce partage territorial des sources sonores humaines et non humaines, nous proposons ici une approche paysagère d’appréhension sonore des qualités humaines et non humaines de l’environnement vécu – telles que définies par Bernie Krause (2016) – le spectre de présence, approche actuellement testée sur les zones calmes – bois, forêts, parcs et jardins – de la métropole bordelaise. Cette méthode de relevé et d’analyse du paysage sonore urbain permet de prendre un « instantané » des effets anthropophoniques de l’urbanisation galopante et du changement climatique. Elle constitue un outil de diagnostic ambiantal des « sanctuaires sonores » au sein de la ville, à créer ou à préserver pour répondre au besoin d’acclimatation de l’habitant des villes en situation de stress environnemental. À terme, ce modèle d’analyse ambiantale est voué à évoluer vers un outil d’observation et de qualification des ambiances sonores, capable d’étudier le devenir et l’utilisation de ces « zones calmes » face aux réponses urbaines au changement climatique
Efficiency of Stochastic Finite Element Random Fields and Variables to Predict Shear Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams Without Stirrups
No full textInternational audienceFibers are widely used in concrete structures to control crack propagation and widening due to sustained or impact loads. Nevertheless, the concrete’s mechanical and structural properties are strongly affected by the fibers’ spatial distribution and clumping tendency within the mass material. The main objective of this paper is to assess the efficiency of stochastic finite element modeling to predict the shear strength properties of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) beams without stirrups, as tested by four-point loading. Polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol micro-filament fibers are investigated in this experimental program at relatively high rates, varying from 0.5% to 1% by volume. A stochastic sensitivity analysis is performed using both random fields and random variables to determine the effect of fiber additions on the concrete’s mechanical properties (i.e., splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity) including the beam cracking patterns, ductility, mid-span deflection, and ultimate load. Such data could be of interest to civil engineers and structural designers to reduce the effort and resources needed to assess the FRC strength variability and failure behaviors of structural members
Adoption of environmentally-friendly agricultural practices with background risk: experimental evidence
No full textNational audienceFarmers choose to avoid some risks by not engaging into practices with uncertain profits. Yet, they still face background risk beyond their control, such as climate change. The impact of background risk on decisions to adopt risky environment-friendly agricultural practices is analysed through a theoretical model and a public good experiment. We find that background risk discourages adoption, despite the fact that it affects both environmentally-friendly and conventionally farmed land equally. An incentive payment increases adoption but is significantly less efficient in the presence of both foreground and background risks. Results shed light on potential synergies between greening the CAP and supporting risk management
Copropriété – Au comble de l’irrecevabilité : on ne s’approprie pas ce qui n’existe pas
No full textInternational audienceLe 10 octobre 2024, la Cour de cassation a rendu un arrêt important en lien avec la nature d’une action intentée par un copropriétaire et apportant des précisions sur la licéité d’une action tendant à voir prononcer le caractère non écrit d’une clause d’un règlement de copropriété. Cet arrêt de rejet a reçu les honneurs de la Cour de cassation et sera publié dans son bulletin annuel
Sur les discriminations systémiques en droit du travail
No full textInternational audienceLes discriminations systémiques,déjà reconnues par certains juges étrangers,font leur apparition depuis quelques temps dans nos prétoires ,en France. Proches des discriminations indirectes, elles s’en distinguent précisément par l’approche systémique qui les caractérisent. Les éléments constitutifs du système ainsi critiqué mêlent facteurs sociaux (stéréotypes) et facteurs économiques (coûts avantageux) qui contribuent à traiter de façon défavorable un groupe de salariés pour des motifs prohibés en vertu d’un ordre établi qui semble naturel à tous ceux qui en font partie.La victime,pour obtenir gain de cause,doit faire état d’éléments de comparaison chiffrée et d’une organisation défaillante voire toxique dont l’employeur doit assumer la responsabilité au titre de son obligation de prévention des risques